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African herbal medicine is widely utilized with a long history. Most African countries have legalized herbal medicine and established a registration and listing mechanism. The present study firstly described the historical exchange and modern trade of TCM between China and Africa, and briefly described the herbal medicine registration management system of African countries from the regulations and guidelines of herbal medicine management and registration management institutions. Then it compared and analyzed the differences of registration systems in African countries from the following aspects: application materials, registration path, quality control and production, effectiveness evidence and food supplements, as well as summarizing the common points of African herbal medicine registration management. The registration strategy of TCM includes assessing the risk of registered investment, building a multilateral and diversified cooperation network between China and Africa, adhering to integrity and innovation, and promoting the international development of TCM, so as to form a standardized registration path of TCM in Africa and expand the TCM market in Africa.
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This paper analyzes the registration regulations and guidelines of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) products in South Africa, summarizes the registration path of TCM products in South Africa, analyzes the Common Technical Document (CTD) data required for registration from the aspects of quality control, safety and effectiveness, and discusses the registration strategy of TCM products in South Africa. This paper suggests that the strategies could include effective management and control of the registration risk of TCM and steady promotion of the products; TCM enterprises can first register low-risk TCM products, then open the South African TCM market, and promote the registration of high-risk TCM products after accumulating some experience; TCM enterprises need to have the awareness of promoting the inheritance, innovation and development of TCM, increase the investment in clinical trials of TCM products, and supplement the clinical effectiveness and safety data of TCM products; Strengthen the quality control of TCM and build an international brand of TCM.
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Ghana attaches great importance to the use of traditional medicine. Over the years, Ghana has successively promulgated laws and policies on traditional medicine, which has laid a legal foundation for the research, registration and sales of its herbal products. This article briefly describes the regulation system of herbal and food supplements in Ghana, and sorts out the registration path of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) products as herbal and food supplements. We also briefly analyze the registration information. We believe that TCM products can open the Ghanaian market as food supplements, so as to promote the registration of herbal medicines. TCM enterprise should controlling TCM registration risks, and strengthening the cooperation between the Chinese and Ghana governments. TCM enterprise can leveraging on the advantages of TCM theory and experience, and strengthening cooperation with Ghana's traditional medicine. This article provide advices for the registration and listing of TCM products in Ghana, expanding the market of TCM in Ghana which finally expands to West Africa and the entire African countries.
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Objective To investigate the clinical application of ultrasound-guided percutaneous puncture aspiration and sclerotherapy of liver hydatid cysts.Methods Thirty-eight patients of hepatic hydatid cysts underwent ultrasound-guided percutaneous puncture aspiration and sclerotherapy;then 20%-25%septic hypertonic saline or 95%absolute alcohol were injected into the cysts (the volume was about 25%-50%of the aspirated fluid) ;and the fluid was reaspirated after 5-15 min.At last,5-10 ml sclerosing agent was injected again.Oral albendazole 30-50 mg/kg was administrated to all patients before and after the above procedures.Ultrasonic follow-up was performed at 3-month interval in the first year and once a year afterwards.Results The successful rate of once puncture was 100%.Aher 6 months,cysts volume reduced 50% in 16 patients,reduced 30% in 22 patients.One year later,34 patients were cured,3 were effectively treated and 1 was improved.All hydatid cysts volume gradually decreased and calcification occurred.The total cure rate was 100%. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided percutaneous puncture aspiration and sclerotherapy is a safe,effective and reliable treatment of liver hydatid cysts.