Discussion on Formation and Intervention of the Tumor Microenvironment Based on the Theory of “Where There is Mass Hardness， There must be Latent Yang” / 中医杂志

As the environmental foundation for tumor survival，the tumor microenvironment is characterized by immunosuppression， ischemia and hypoxia， metabolic reprogramming， and inflammatory infiltration， providing conditions for tumor cell colonization， malignant transformation and migration. In traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， yang qi is considered to be closely related to the onset of tumors. Based on the TCM theory of “where there is mass hardness， there must be latent yang”， this paper suggests that the state of “latent yang” formed by abnormal yang energy is highly similar to the tumor microenvironment. The loss of protection of latent yang leads to the weakening of positive immunity， invasion of disease and then accumulation of tumors. The constraint of latent yang leads to microcirculation disorders， blocked vessels and collaterals， and finally qi and blood blockage. The turbidity of latent yang leads to abnormal metabolic products gathering， pathogenic turbidity accumulation， and tumor formulation through contention and binding between them. The transformation of fire by latent yang mediates “inflammation-cancer” transformation， and leads to malignant transformation of cancerous tumors. The transformation of latent yang into toxin leads to premeditated pre-metastatic niches， healthy qi deficiency and toxin accumulation， and cancerous toxins flow. Based on the theory of “latent yang” and modern researches， this paper summarized the method of “warming yang and invigorating qi to consolidate the root， promoting yang and moving qi to eliminate stasis， strengthening yang capacity of transforming qi to remove the disadvantages， diffusing yang and opening up constraint to disperse fire， and reinforcing healthy qi and clearing the source to prevent toxins” in the intervention of the tumor microenvironment， so as to provide ideas for TCM to reshape the tumor microenvironment and regulate the tumor process.

Thyroxine promotes the progression of integrin α vβ 3-positive differentiated thyroid cancer through the ERK1/2 pathway / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To explore whether thyroxine (T 4) could promote differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) progression by binding to integrin α vβ 3in vitro and its downstream mechanism. Methods:Papillary thyroid cancer cell lines TPC-1, K1 and follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) cell line FTC133 were cultured in vitro, and the expressions of integrin α vβ 3 in those 3 DTC cell lines were determined with immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis. After the treatment of T 4, tetraiodo thyroacetic acid (Tetrac) and Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide alone or in combination, the proliferation and metastatic potential of DTC cell lines were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell migration and invasion assays. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection was used to verify whether integrin α v or β 3 subunit knockdown could reverse the effect of T 4 on DTC cells. The expression levels of downstream signaling proteins phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK)1/2 and total extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 were detected by Western blot. The effects of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)1/2 inhibitor (GSK1120212) on the proliferation, migration and invasion of T 4-treated cells were detected. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey test were used for data analysis. Results:The integrin α vβ 3 expressions in TPC-1, K1 and FTC133 cells were all positive, with the relative mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of 61.93±18.61, 16.89±2.43 and 32.36±0.83, and the percentages of positive cells of (94.38±1.30)%, (74.11±3.87)% and (50.67±1.78)%, respectively ( F values: 13.36 and 217.30, P=0.006 and P<0.001). Compared with control group, the proliferation, migration and invasion in the three DTC cell lines treated with T 4 were significantly enhanced (96 h, F values: 62.67-297.50, q values: 13.15-20.73, all P<0.001). T 4-induced cell proliferation, migration and invasion were markedly reversed by Tetrac or RGD (96 h, q values: 8.61-17.54, all P<0.001). T 4-induced cell proliferation, migration and invasion were also significantly inhibited by the knockdown of integrin α v or β 3 subunit (72 h, F values: 7.75-70.98, q values: 4.77-15.21, all P<0.05). Western blot results showed that the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2 in DTC cells were significantly increased by T 4 treatment, and the T 4-induced activation of ERK1/2 signaling pathway could be blocked by Tetrac, RGD, integrin α v or β 3 subunit knockdown. T 4-induced cell proliferation, migration and invasion were significantly reversed by GSK1120212 (96 h, F values: 47.53-151.40, q values: 10.32-16.65, all P<0.001). Conclusion:T 4 can promote cell proliferation and metastasis of DTC cells by binding to integrin α vβ 3 and activating the ERK1/2 pathway.

The application of experiential health education in patients discharged from hospital with the tube after pancreaticoduodenectomy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of experiential health education on patients discharged from hospital with the tube after pancreaticoduodenectomy.Methods:A total of 65 patients admitted to the General Surgery Department of Peking University Third Hospital for pancreaticoduodenectomy from September 2020 to August 2021 were selected as the study objects by convenience sampling method. The 31 patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy who received routine education about drainage tube from September 2020 to February 2021 were selected as the control group, and 34 patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy who received experiential health education about drainage tube from March 2021 to August 2021 were selected as the study group. The self-nursing ability and self-management of drainage tube of the patients in both groups were observed.Results:The total score of drainage tube self-care ability, drainage bag fixation score, drainage bag replacement score, drainage fluid dumping score, anti-drainage tube pull score, drainage tube extrusion method score were 10.00(10.00, 10.00), 2.00(2.00, 2.00), 2.00(2.00, 2.00), 2.00(2.00, 2.00), 2.00(2.00, 2.00), 2.00(2.00, 2.00) points, Higher than the control group 5.00(4.00, 5.00), 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) and 1.00 (0.00, 1.00), 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) and 1.00 (1.00, 2.00), 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) points, the differences were statistically significant ( Z values were -7.31--5.78, all P<0.05).In the self-management of drainage tubes in the study group, the drainage tube pulling rate, the incidence of exudation around drainage tubes, and the rate of leakage of drainage fluid registration were 8.82% (3/34), 14.7% (5/34), and 5.88% (2/34), respectively, lower than 61.29% (19/31), 41.94% (13/31), and 87.10% (27/31) in the control group, with statistically significant differences ( χ2=19.94, 6.00, 43.28, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Experiential health education can effectively improve drainage tube self-care ability of patients after pancreaticoduodenectomy, promoting postoperative rehabilitation of patients.

Research progress of anti-tumor mechanism and clinical application of Dahuang-Zhechong Pill / 国际中医中药杂志

This paper reviewed the mechanism and clinical application of Dahuang-Zhezhong Pill in Jin Gui Yao Lue. It was found that the anti-tumor effect of Dahuang-Zhezhong Pill was mainly achieved by inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing cell apoptosis, regulating immune function, inhibiting tumor angiogenesis, affecting tumor cell metastasis, and reversing cell resistance. It was used in the treatment of liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, lung cancer and other malignant tumors. Therefore, we should clarify the anti-tumor mechanism, the dominant dosage, the dominant tumor species of Dahuang-Zhezhong Pill, and standardize the dosage of treatment and adverse reactions.

Expression of serum S100 calcium binding protein in preterm premature rupture of membrane / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To study the role of serum S100 calcium binding protein (S100A12) in preterm premature rupture of membrane induced chorioamnionitis. Methods Thirty-six patients with preterm premature rupture (preterm premature rupture group), 48 patients with term birth premature rupture (term birth premature rupture group) and 17 normal pregnant women (control group) were selected. The blood routine, S100A12, C response protein (CRP), glycohemoglobin (GHB) levels were detected and compared. Results The S100A12 in preterm premature rupture group was significantly higher than that in term birth premature rupture group and control group: (1 193.6 ± 443.1) ng/L vs. (787.7 ± 482.6)and(610.5 ± 449.0)ng/L,and there was statistical difference(P<0.01);but there was no statistical difference between term birth premature rupture group and control group(P<0.05).In preterm premature rupture group, S100A12 levels in the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and non-GDM patients were significantly higher than those in control group:(1 225.4 ± 422.5)and(1 168.2 ± 468.2)ng/L vs. (610.5 ± 449.0) ng/L, and those in GDM patients were significantly higher than those in non-GDM patients, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). In preterm premature rupture group, the S100A12 showed significant positive correlation with CRP, neutral granulocyte percent and GHB (r =0.236, 0.222 and 0.378; P<0.05 or <0.01). Conclusions S100A12 would have an important role in the mechanism of preterm premature rupture of membrane combined with GDM induced chorioamnionitis.

Collapsed femoral head measured by X-ray and CT before hip replacement:study protocol for a single-center, open-label and diagnostic trial / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: To determine the non-or collapsed osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) and degree of collapse, can help surgeons design reasonable treatment strategy for patients with ONFH. In China, articular cartilage collapse less than or greater than 2 mm, is a basis for choosing palliative surgery or hip replacement. However, the measurement of collapsed ONFH before replacement has not yet been confirmed. OBJECTIVE: To predict the collapse of femoral head before replacement by CT and X-ray examinations, and to compare with the intraoperative excised femoral head specimens.METHODS: This was a single-center, open-label and diagnostic trial, which was finished at the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China. Eighty-six patients with unilateral ONFH undergoing total hip replacement were recruited, and allocated into three groups, such as X-ray, CT and specimen groups. The X-ray group underwent X-ray examination at anteroposterior pelvic (bilateral hips) at 1 week before surgery, the CT group received CT scan at bilateral hips at 1 week before surgery, and the specimen group was subjected to the removal of affected femoral head, and then directly measured using ruler and vernier caliper. Primary outcome was the sensitivity of thesethree methods for measuring collapsed femoral head. Secondary outcomes were the specificity, positive predictive value,negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio of these three methods for the diagnosisof collapsed femoral head and the diagnostic accuracy; the diagnostic consistence of CT and X-ray examinations; the height of the lateral, middle and external femoral head measured by three methods. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, China, and will be performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, formulated by the World Medical Association. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants prior to the trial. DISCUSSION: In this study, the height of femoral head was measured and analyzed in all-dimensional and multi-anglemanner based on intraoperative removed specimens, so as to make an accurate prediction for collapsed femoral head, thus providing imaging reference for surgeons prior to choosing an appropriate operative scheme

Reversion after total hip arthroplasty: a follow-up of 85 cases / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:With the prevalence of total hip arthroplasty,the demand for revision has been increased due to the prosthesis life and various complications.OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively analyze the reasons and clinical effectiveness of revision,clinical application of revision prosthesis,and related revision techniques.METHODS:Clinical data of 85 patients undergoing total hip revision were analyzed retrospectively.Among which,there were 23 cases of biological T.O.P acetabular cup (allograft bone graft) plus polyethylene liner,51 cases of titanium mesh cup plus bone cement fixation,and 11 cases of common acetabular cup;common hip stem in 63 cases (including 47 cases of bone cement fixation);lengthened hip stem in 34 cases (16 cases of modular prosthesis and 18 cases of bone cement fixation).Subsequently,the hip function was assessed by Harris hip scores.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:All cases were followed up,and the mean follow-up was 30.2 months.(1) The average Harris hip scores changed from preoperative 30.07 to postoperative 90.32.The wound healed well,no dislocation or infection,and the hip function was improved significantly.(2) To conclude,aseptic loosening of the prosthesis is the main cause of reversion occurred,followed by prosthesis dislocation.Acetabular wall bone defect and decrease in bone mass are the main problems in revision.Adequate preoperative preparation for possible and unexpected events,and reasonable selection of prosthesis according to the bone defects will be helpful.Noticeably,early arthroplasty reversion will obtain good clinical efficacy.

Mediating effect of smoking abstinence self-efficacy on association between awareness of smoking hazard and successful smoking cessation / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To estimate the mediating effect of smoking abstinence self-efficacy (SASE) on the association between awareness of smoking hazard and successful smoking cessation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A community-based case-control study was conducted in 642 smokers who successfully stopped smoking, and 700 smokers who failed in smoking cessation were used as controls. The awareness of smoking hazard was evaluated by total score of 12 items. The SASE was assessed by using Smoking Abstinence Self-Efficacy (ASES-S). The total effect was classified as direct effect and indirect effect through logistic regression analysis based on the KHB method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After adjusting the potential confounders, including age, age of smoking initiation, occupation, educational level and marital status, the mediating effect of SASE accounted for 6.03% among the total effect of awareness of smoking hazard in those who successfully stopped smoking while the direct effect accounted for 93.97% among the total effect. In the three specific situation of SASE, the mediating effect of SASE accounted for 6.80% (positive/social situations), 3.08% (negative/affective situations) and 2.32% (habit/addictive situations) among the total effect, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SASE has part mediating effect to influence on the association between the awareness of smoking hazard and successful smoking cessation. Improving smokers' awareness of smoking hazard may not only promote successful smoking cessation directly, but also contribute to quit smoking through improving the score of SASE.</p>

Association between social support and outcomes as successful smoking cessation in males from the rural areas / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the association between social support and successful smoking cessation outcomes in males from rural areas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A community-based case-control study was conducted with 642 adult male cases who appeared to be successful spontaneous smoking quitters as cases, together with other 700 adult males who failed quitting smoking to serve, as controls. Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) was used to assess the individual social support. Multiple linear method was used to evaluate the relationship between social support and the outcome of successful cessation in smoking.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After adjusting the potential confounders as age, education, marital status, profession, age of initial smoking and number of pack-years on smoking, the adjusted mean of subjective social support in successful quitters was significant lower than that in the failed ones (P<0.001). The differences of adjusted means between objective social support and its utility were not statistically different in the two groups among the population who recognized that cigarettes should always be provided when people interact with each other (P=0.124; P=0.763). However, the adjusted means of social support and the related three dimensions did not show significant differences in the two groups among the population in disapproval of the above said social norms (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Data from our research indicated that social support would negatively affect the successful spontaneous cessation of smoking among people under unhealthy smoking culture.</p>

Relationship between age and smoking abstinence self-efficacy / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between smoking abstinence self- efficacy (SASE) and age.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross-sectional questionnaire survey in form of face-to-face interview was performed. The SASE level was assessed by using the Smoking Abstinence Self-Efficacy Scale. Univariate two-degree fractional polynomials (FPs) regression model was used to explore the relationship between SASE and age after adjusting of potential confounders: marital status, occupation and education.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The relationship between SASE and age showed a U-shaped curve with the nadir at 60 years old.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The distribution of SASE is not consistent among age groups; middle aged person has lower level of SASE than both the younger and the elder.</p>

Correlation of serum osteopontin and leptin levels with femoral head necrosis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Both osteopontin and leptin are closely linked to bone metabolism, therefore, which may be related to the attack of femoral head necrosis. OBJECTIVE:To study the correlation of serum osteopontin and leptin in the development of femoral head necrosis. METHODS:Thirty-one patients with femoral head necrosis (case group, including 11 cases of ARCO II, 10 of ARCO III, 10 of ARCO IV) and 10 healthy adults (control group) were selected as the research objects. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of osteopontin and leptin in serum folowed by statistical analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the case group, the serum levels of osteopontin and leptin were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). But the serum levels of osteopontin and leptin showed no correlation between the two groups. These findings indicate that the serum levels of osteopontin and leptin are both elevated in patients with femoral head necrosis, which maybe play a role in the pathogenesis of femoral head necrosis, but there is no obvious correlation.

Advantage Analysis of Qilian Fuzheng Capsule in Maintenance Treatment of Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the effect and analyze the advantage of Qilian Fuzheng capsule in maintenance treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods The advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 32 cases in each group. The control group was given the best supportive care, and the observation group was given Qilian Fuzheng capsule 4 capsules three times daily additionally. The tumor control rate, quality of life, PFS and OS of the two groups were compared by follow-up. Results Qilian Fuzheng capsule maintenance treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer improved the quality of life. PFS of observation group and control group was 5.4 months and 4.1 months, respectively (P0.05). The tumor control rate of observation group was 77.42% (24/31), control group was 60.00% (18/30), with no significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusion Qilian Fuzheng capsule is a feasible application in maintenance treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Dominance analysis on the association between reasons for smoking and results related to successful smoking cessation / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the association between reasons for smoking and results related to successful smoking cessation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A community-based case-control study was conducted with 642 male adults recognized as successful spontaneous smoking quitters being the subject cases while another 700 male adults who had failed to quit smoking were served as the controls. Russell Reason for Smoking Questionnaire (RRSQ) was used to investigate the reasons for smoking. Dominance logistic regression was performed to determine the relative importance of reasons for starting smoking and the endpoint of successful quit smoking.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After adjusting the potential confounders of age, age of smoking initiation, marital status, profession, and education, the adjusted means of sedative and stimulation of RRSQ in the successful quitters were significant lower than that in the failed quitters. Results from the dominance logistic regression showed that the first two important factors for smoking cessation were sedative and stimulation of RRSQ, followed by psychological image, automatic, hand-mouth activity, indulgence, and addiction.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study demonstrated that factors as dependence-addiction showed more important impacts than the social-psychological ones on the endpoint of successful smoking cessation.</p>

Dominance analysis on the association between reasons for smoking and results related to successful smoking cessation / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the association between reasons for smoking and results related to successful smoking cessation. Methods A community-based case-control study was conducted with 642 male adults recognized as successful spontaneous smoking quitters being the subject cases while another 700 male adults who had failed to quit smoking were served as the controls. Russell Reason for Smoking Questionnaire(RRSQ)was used to investigate the reasons for smoking. Dominance logistic regression was performed to determine the relative importance of reasons for starting smoking and the endpoint of successful quit smoking. Results After adjusting the potential confounders of age,age of smoking initiation,marital status,profession,and education,the adjusted means of sedative and stimulation of RRSQ in the successful quitters were significant lower than that in the failed quitters. Results from the dominance logistic regression showed that the first two important factors for smoking cessation were sedative and stimulation of RRSQ,followed by psychological image,automatic,hand-mouth activity,indulgence,and addiction. Conclusion This study demonstrated that factors as dependence-addiction showed more important impacts than the social-psychological ones on the endpoint of successful smoking cessation.

Dominance analysis on the association between reasons for smoking and results related to successful smoking cessation / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the association between reasons for smoking and results related to successful smoking cessation. Methods A community-based case-control study was conducted with 642 male adults recognized as successful spontaneous smoking quitters being the subject cases while another 700 male adults who had failed to quit smoking were served as the controls. Russell Reason for Smoking Questionnaire(RRSQ)was used to investigate the reasons for smoking. Dominance logistic regression was performed to determine the relative importance of reasons for starting smoking and the endpoint of successful quit smoking. Results After adjusting the potential confounders of age,age of smoking initiation,marital status,profession,and education,the adjusted means of sedative and stimulation of RRSQ in the successful quitters were significant lower than that in the failed quitters. Results from the dominance logistic regression showed that the first two important factors for smoking cessation were sedative and stimulation of RRSQ,followed by psychological image,automatic,hand-mouth activity,indulgence,and addiction. Conclusion This study demonstrated that factors as dependence-addiction showed more important impacts than the social-psychological ones on the endpoint of successful smoking cessation.

Impact of diversified early comprehensive nursing intervention on physical and mental development in children with high risk of cerebral palsy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the influence of early comprehensive nursing intervention on physical and mental development in children with high risk of cerebral palsy.Methods 150 children with high risk of cerebral palsy who were treated in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) of Xinxiang central hospital were randomly divided into two groups.78 cases in the intervention group received early comprehensive nursing intervention,including functional training combined with medication and physical treatment method.At the same time,their parents received systematic training and participated in the intervention till the babies reached 2 years old.72 cases in the routine group were given conventional baby care.74 termfor-age neonates who were born in our department of maternity in the same period were selected as the control group,which received conventional baby care.The infants of the routine care group received only conventional baby care.The physical development of the weight,length and head circumference and intelligence of three groups were checked at the age of six months,one year and two years.Results M the age of six months,one and two years old,the physical development were higher significantly in the intervention group than those in the routine group,and had not evident difference with the control group.The mental development index (MDI) of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group at the 6 months,had no obvious difference with the control group at one year old,and was great higher than that of the control group.At the sixth month and one year phychomotor development index (PDI) of the intervention group had no difference with that of the control group,and at two years old were higher than that in the control group.The incidence of the phychomotor development retardment and the cerebral palsy in the intervention group was lower than that in the routine group.Conclusions Early nursing intervention is beneficial to the development of the physical and intelligent development of children with high risk of cerebral palsy.

Role of autocrine osteopontin in promoting multiple functions of murine Nf1+/-osteoclast / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To detect the osteopontin (OPN) autocrine function of the osteoclasts in neurofibromatosis type 1 heterozygote (Nfl+/-) and wild type (Nfl+/+) mice.Test the osteoclasts function of neurofibromatosis type 1 heterozygote (Nfl+/-) and wild type (Nil+/+) mice with exogenous neutralizing OPN antibody,analysis the role of autocrine OPN in the hyperfunction of osteoclast in neurofibromatosis type 1.Methods Culture the low density bone marrow cells from Nfl heterozygote (Nfl+/-) and wild type (Nfl+/+) mice (4-6 weeks old) with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand(RANKL),Measure.the OPN concentration in osteoclast culture superenant with ELISA.Culture the low density bone marrow cells from Nf1+/-and Nf1+/+ mice with or without exogenous neutralizing antibody for OPN.The function of osteoclasts and osteoclast progenitors in formation,migration,adhesion,and bone absorption were tested.Results A significantly higher concentration of OPN was detected in the Nf1+/-osteoclast culture media as compared to that of wild type.In control,Osteoclast functions,including migration,adhesion,and bone resorption of Nf1 +/-were higher than that of wild type.Addition OPN neutralizing antibody to the Nf1+/-OCL significantly reduced OCL formation.Neutralizing OPN antibody diminished both wild type and Nf1+/-OCL adhensiontion,Anti-OPN minimized OCL migration in both wild type and Nf1 +/-OCL cultures as measured by the transwell assays.Neutralizing OPN antibody diminished both wild type and Nf1+/-OCL pit formation,P＞0.05 for comparing Nfl+/-vs.wild type OCLs with anti-OPN antibody.Conclusion The hyperfunction of osteoclast in Nf1 heterozygote is related with autocrine osteopontin,inhibition of OPN may be an effective treatment for bone destruction of neurofibromatosis type 1.

Clinical characteristics and survival analysis of 368 cases of smoking lung cancer patients / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Objective To discuss the clinical characteristics and the relationship with the survival of smoking lung cancer patients.Methods The clinical data of 368 cases were retrospectively analyzed by comparing the differences of the age,gender,histological type,clinical stage,treatment and tradition Chinese medicine typing,and their correlation with the survival was analyzed.Results Among the 368 patients,the ones aged between 50 to 69 accounted for 69.84％ ; the proportion between the male ones and the female ones was 7.98 ∶ 1 ; the proportion of the squamous cell carcinoma was as high as 52.45％ ; the proportion of the patients with small cell lung cancer in extensive stage was significantly higher than that of the patients in the limited stage(75.38％ ∶ 24.62％) ; the numbers of the patients with non-small cell lung cancer in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ was significantly higher than that in the stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ (82.77％ ∶ 17.23％) ; the ones with non-surgical treatment accounted for 76.36％,and the proportion of ones with surgery treatment was 23.64％ ; most of the patients were treated by both Chinese medicine and chemotherapy(41.04％) ; the main types of all patients were qi-yin deficiency syndrome and toxic heat flourishing syndrome,accounting for 36.96％ and 29.28％ respectively.The age (F =10.356,P =0.000),clinical stage (F =11.289,P =0.000),treatment methods (t =2.624,P =0.021),smoking index(F =3.681,P =0.021) were the key factors effecting the survival (P ＜ 0.05),and the gender,histological type,tradition Chinese medicine type had no significant effect(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The clinical characteristics of the cases are 50-69 aged,male,squamous cell carcinoma,advanced stage,treatment without surgery.The survival of smoking lung cancer patients is effected by the age,clinical stage,treatment methods and smoking index.

Autologous iliac crest grafting combined with stem cells transplantation in the treatment of early osteonecrosis of the femoral head / 中国组织工程研究

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.026

Arsenic,Selenium Pollution in Capsicum and Corn Roasted by Coal-combustion in Zhaotong Fluorosis Areas and the Cumulation in Human Hair / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To investigate whether there was arsenic and selenium pollution besides fluorine pollution in the capsicum and corn roasted by coal-combustion in Zhaotong fluorosis areas were collected,and the cumulation in human hair. Methods In September 2005,the capsicum and corn samples were collected before they were roasted and after roasted by coal-combustion,and the hair samples from people living in Zhaotong fluorosis areas were collected,and the fluorine,arsenic and selenium content in these samples were determined. Results The average arsenic and selenium content in the fresh capsicum not roasted by coal-combustion were 0.034 mg/kg and 0.079 mg/kg respectively. The average arsenic and selenium content in the capsicum roasted by coal-combustion were 0.463 mg/kg and 1.088 mg/kg respectively. The average arsenic and selenium content in the fresh corn were 0.019 mg/kg and 0.051 mg/kg respectively. The average arsenic and selenium content in the corn roasted by coal-combustion were 0.058 mg/kg and 0.085 mg/kg respectively. Except for the average selenium content of the capsicum roasted by coal-combustion,others were all within the limits of arsenic and selenium in foods. Conclusion There is not only fluorine pollution in the capsicum and corn roasted by coal-combustion,but also arsenic and selenium pollution. Furthermore,the selenium pollution level was higher than that of arsenic pollution. The arsenic and selenium pollution level in capsicum was higher than that in the corn. Though this arsenic pollution in the capsicum and corn may be harmful for the people living on these capsicum and corn roasted by coal-combustion to some extent,it was not harmful enough to result in arsenism. Comparing with the arsenic pollution,the selenium pollution in the capsicum and corn may be beneficial for the people eating the capsicum and corn roasted by coal-combustion.