A user's fee in the Khammouane provincial hospital, Lao PDR

To evaluate user fee the situation of, in 2001, at the Khammouane provincial hospital Lao PDR by a cross study. 109 in-patients and 204 out- patients were interviewed and, 20 groups of health staffs were discussed and the information (2001) on statistic, finances and exemptions in the hospital office were analyzed. The results showed that: With the minus government budget, the very low fees and many free services, the quality of the health service is not progressive and it is very difficult to apply the exemptions. The rate of using the patients' bed is very low because both the rich and poor patients don't like to take health care in this hospital. When the patients come to hospital, all of them prepare enough money to pay because they don't know who will be exemption. If they can't get enough money, they don't come yet. Both the patients and health staffs accepted the low user fees but the providers need to raise the quality of health services and apply better the exemptions. The very low fees and many free services in the hospital aren't the suitable solution to help the poor patients can take health care when the another sources can't supply sufficiently for these services.

The Vietnamese health sector has been developing for the past 55 years, its achievement and firmly comes into 21st century

The Vietnam's physicians resource has been developing for the past 55 years. All generations of health staffs were in the country's defend and construction. They overcome difficulties, even sacrifice to care the people health and solider health. The health staffs dedicated the health, knowledge and experiences for the cause of the liberation defend as well as construction of socialist republic of Vietnam

Medical ethics and some solutions for strengthening it

When working, officials and staffs from any sector must have occupational ethics. However, the health sector requires the highest occupational ethics. That is natural obligation of this sector because the health and life for everybody are most valuable matters

First year of implementation of 9th party congress resolution in the people health protection and care

The resolution No 37 of government on the strategical orientation of the people health protection and care activity during 2000-2020 and the national drug policy of Vietnam introduced 5 leading views and objectives of development of these activities as well as major policies and solutions for implementing the health criteria that Vietnam communist party and state planned.

Strengthen and development of the village and hamlet health network-urgent task of health sector

Vietnam Communist party and Government established the strategy of the people protection and care during 1995-2000. One of the aims of this strategy was to strengthen the local health network that 100% villages and hamlet had the health staffs. This paper introduced the role of the village health staffs, number of health staff, functions and duties and right of village and health staffs

Some suggestions about the application of mathematics in medicine and health activity

Mathematics is increasingly applied in medicine and health in the world and Vietnam. Because of characteristics of health sector, the applied mathematics has been being used in the scientific research, health statistics, policy making, health plan, diagnosis and treatment etc to strengthen the activities of people protection and care. However, it should enhance the links and combination of the medicine and health activity with natural science including mathematics and social science in the future in Vietnam

The role of the female working force in the health sector in Vietnam

The characteristics of the health worker are urgent, prompt, precise and scientific and in the conditions that not suitable with the human physiological rule (working in night and rest in day) and in the environment that not suitable with the human psychology (patients with pain, anxiety, trauma and death). This is toxic and serious environment. This paper showed that the rate of female working force in the health sector at all levels and the rate of women who worked as managers and had a high rank of education was very low. From which this paper introduced the plan for training, using the female working force as well as the policies for them

Significance of the health information technology

In Vietnam, the development of the health information should focus on the disease management and primary health care. Which included the back up of medical record, patient registration, professional development and support to the primary health care, concurrently establishment of telemedicine, telehealthcare, and remote health care system for remote and deep areas.

Review of activities of people health care during 1999 and plan of this activities during 2000

During 1999, the health sector had many efforts and obtained many important achievements in strengthening the local health network from provincial to village level, education and training of health human resource, scientific research, curative and preventative medicine as well as the quality control of food safety and hygiene. During 2000, the health sector will concentrate in 5 programs and activities including health human resource, health economy, medical technique and health and medical information, health services and political activities.

Development of the traditional ethics “good-physician- good mother”

On occasion of Vietnam physician day 27.02.2002, every one in health sector implements the speech of Uncle Ho Chi Minh“ good-physician- good mother” and completes the cause of people health protection and care to build the health sector becoming an uniform and modern sector. During the country’s defense and building, many individuals and facilities had a big contribution to the Nation’s cause. Because of these, Vietnam communist party and state offered the yellow star medal for the health sector.

Strengthen the health staff for local levels, a noble humanitarian campaign

Strengthen the health staff for local level is a practicable and humanitarian campaign in the people protection and care in community, concurrently helps local training for both strengthened staffs and local staffs. In answer to the campaign, the health sector actively sends the health staff for lower levels to contribute the enhancement of quality of health services for people health protection and care, overcoming of the natural accident, flood and epidemic control.

Why the hospitals have to charge the medical service fees and how to adjust them

We analyzed the active information of Khammouane provincial in 2001, and adjust the hospital fee models by researcher's formula. The results showed that: In the hospital, when the outcomes is bigger than the incomes without fees, we have to take hospital fees, contrary to, we don't take it. The fees are correct when outcomes are equal or smaller than incomes with fees and exemption payments need to equal or bigger than these incomes without fees, therefore the average fee collection need to equal or bigger than average hospital payment. At Khammouane provincial hospital, in 2001, the correct models of hospital fees are 'collect all of medical services with the cost of 3 factors: salary, administration cost and drugs-consumer equipment'. The correct models of hospital fees can provide the expenditure on health care in the hospital throughout the year, can raise medical service quality and make more the context for the poor patients can use the health care service without the fees.

Vertical administration of the health network- a effective and active approach

Up to 1997, 41 provinces (67%) implemented the vertical administration of the health network. 18 provinces (33%) implemented the local administration of the health network. The ASEAN members have implemented the vertical administration of the health network. The experiences and fact have shown that the method of the vertical administration found effectively and actively. It allowed exploiting the potential of all resources and developing the efficacy of health activity in the past and current period.

Continuous renovation and strengthen of quality and efficacy of the health inspection for contribution to successfully implementation of the strategy of people protection and care in the period of 2001-2010

The health inspection should continuous renew and strengthen its quality and efficacy to contribute to implement successfully the strategy of people health protection and care in the period of 2001-2010, including content and subjects, method of inspection and discipline.

Some solutions and policies in training, recruitment and integration of the activity for local health staffs

The Decision No 37/CP date June 20th, 1996 issued the strategy for the activities of the people protection and care during 1996-2000. It aimed to assure that 40% of communal health stations (CHS) had midwife or nurse of gynecological - pediatrical profession and 100% of villages and hamlets had health staffs. In order to obtain above mentioned objectives, this study introduced 7 solutions for sending the medical doctor to the CHS, 4 conditions for training the medical doctor for local level, 7 solutions for sending the midwives to CHS, 4 solutions for health staffs in the local level, 3 solutions for health staffs of the traditional medicine, 4 solutions for developing the health staffs of the traditional medicine, 4 solutions for developing the health staff network for village level and 14 solution for sending the health staffs to the lower levels.

To develop the health services for coping with flood and typhoon

Flood and typhoon are main causes of disaster in Vietnam. To prevent and overcome consequences, the health sector should implement and perform following approaches: awareness, organization, resource, and practice, drug kits, food, fresh water and cooperation with other branches. During flood and typhoon, should organize the task teams and ambulatory health teams, cooperate with military health system, move the patients, support resources, protect material facilities and praise timely. After flood and typhoon, should control environmental sanitary and food, monitor insecticide stores, control disease outbreaks and restore the health resource.

Equity in the health care - Background and details

This paper summarized the term 'equity' in the health care, concurrently introduced the detailed aspects of this in people health care and protection today

Strengthen the people health protection and care activity in the first years of new millenium

During 1996-2000, the health sector setup and developed 5 major groups of solution to strengthen the people health protection and care and obtained many achievements. This paper introduced some major achievement, difficulties and shortcomings as well as challenges currently. From which, the health sector developed an uniform policies and solutions including investment and distribution of human resource, enhancement of the preventive medicine, strengthening of the people health and consultation, implementation of decree No 90 of Vietnam government on the orientation and solution for socialization of education, cultural and health activities

Consolidation of the local health network contributes to enhance the quality of primary health care

After 20 years of deployment of the primary health care activity, Vietnam's health sector has obtained many important achievements in 10 contents of the primary health care in which the local health network played an important role. This paper introduced the role of the local health network (from village (hamlet) to district level) in the activities of primary health care, concurrently evaluated the situation and recommended the solutions for consolidation of the local health network to meet the requirement of the primary health care in the next time.

Contribution to study on the model of the local health network

A survey was performed by using a set of questionnaires and by holding systematic interviews addressed to leading authorities of the health system from village to district and province. Results were analyzed and synthesized to establish a model of health service network as manifested on the governmental Decree No 01/1998.