Structural Equation Modeling of the Interaction between Mothers and Preschool-Age Children

Purpose@#This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the interaction between mothers and preschool-age children and construct a structural equation model based on the factors identified. @*Methods@#The data were collected from the mothers of children aged three to six years enrolled in kindergartens in Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungbuk, and Jeonbuk. A total of 328 questionnaires were used for the analysis. Analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 programs. @*Results@#The child’s self-regulation (β = .42, p < .001) had the most significant influence on the interaction between mothers and preschool children, followed by the mother’s parenting stress (β = - .23, p = .008), social support (β = .17, p < .001), and the child’s active temperament (β = .15, p < .001). The child’s gender, emotional temperament, social temperament, and mother’s education level had indirect influences. @*Conclusion@#These results suggest that interventions considering the child’s temperament, mother’s parenting stress, and social support are required to promote the interaction between preschool-age children and mothers.

The Influence of Ego-identity, Parenting Efficacy and Stress Coping Style on Depression in Mothers of Toddlers

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the influence of ego-identity, parenting efficacy, and stress coping style on depression in mothers of toddlers. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. Data were collected from 164 mothers of toddlers, and analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS for Windows version 24.0. RESULTS: The factors influencing depression in mothers of toddlers included ego-identity, economic status, and perceived health status. These variables explained 60.0% of depression in mothers of toddlers. CONCLUSION: Lower ego-identity was associated with more intense depression. Therefore, healthcare providers should develop intervention programs that can improve ego-identity to decrease depression among mothers of toddlers.

Effects of Perceived Daily Stress and Sense of Humor on Quality of Life among School-Age Children

PURPOSE: Quality of life is important to everyone including school-age children. Therefore this study was done to identify the effects perceived daily stress and sense of humor on quality of life for these children. METHODS: The study was a cross-sectional, descriptive study design with 371 participants from 5th and 6th grade children in 5 elementary schools. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. RESULTS: Factors influencing quality of life in school-age children were daily stress, sense of humor, satisfaction with daily life, academic performance and home atmosphere. These variables explained 63.0% of quality of life in school-age children. CONCLUSION: Results showed that lower daily stress and higher sense of humor are associated with higher quality of life. Therefore, to improve quality of life in school-age children, healthcare providers should develop intervention programs considering these factors.