Morphogenesis of rabbit kidney pre-and postnatal

Mammalian renal development differs from that of most of the other organs in that it proceeds through a series of three successive phases, each is marked by the formation of a more complex pair of kidneys. These kidneys are called the pronephros, mesonephros, and metanephros. The current study has been conducted to elucidate the developmental changes of rabbit kidneys during their pre- and postnatal life. In the present study we used samples, at different ages, of the rabbit kidneys from embryonic day 15 [E15] till maturity for light and scanning electron microscopical investigation. At E15, large mesonephros, occupied a great part of abdominal cavity of rabbit embryo, and undifferentiated metanephros were noticed. At E19 metanephros became differentiated into cortex and medulla with the initiation of nephron-forming stage. Additionally at this stage, the caudal series of mesonephros still detected but in degenerated and atrophied structure. Just before birth, at E30, the kidney demonstrated well-developed renal corpuscles, differentiated proximal and distal convoluted tubules, with apparently detectable loop of Henle and large collecting ducts. Shortly after birth rabbit kidney showed further morphogenesis and at two-months old, the kidney of rabbit with mature histological structure of the renal parenchyma was documented. In conclusion, the development of rabbit kidneys occurred mainly during the prenatal period while their histological maturity occurred from two to three weeks after birth. The present findings were discussed with previous publications

Effect of ginger and L-carnitine on some reproductive parameters of male rats

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of ginger and L-carnitine on the effect of ginger and L-carnitine on reproductive performance of male rats including semen evaluation [count, motility and viability of sperm], male sex hormones [Testosterone, FSH and LH] and testicular antioxidant system [reduced glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity]. The study was carried out on sixty mature male albino rats divided into four groups [fifteen rats each]. One group received physiological saline and kept as a control, while rats of the other three groups received ginger [100mg/kg/day], L-carnitine [150mg/kg/day] and combination of both ginger [100mg/kg/day] and L-carnitine [150mg/kg/day] respectively by stomach tube daily for one month. After the end of treatment period, rats were sacrificed with evaluation of semen and determination of antioxidant enzymes and sex hormones. Results showed that the three previous treatments improve sperm parameters, antioxidant enzymes and testosterone hormone with more favorable and pronounced effects in the group that received combination of both ginger and L-carnitine. Therefore, this study recommends that administration of a combination of ginger and L-carnitine may be beneficial for improving male sexual performance

Pre- and postnatal development of rabbit small intestine; a light and scanning electron microscopic study

The small intestine is a highly differentiated organ that accomplishes both digestive and absorptive functions with great efficiency. The small intestine of rabbit was studied from early prenatal stage to full term in 15 fetuses and during the early days of life till maturity in 21 rabbits using light and scanning electron microscopy. In 15 days old fetuses, the epithelium was flat and stratified and the lumen was elliptical in shape. By the E18, the epithelial ridges were formed. The first rudimentary villus formation was formed in 21 days old fetuses and the true villi appeared by 24[th] days of gestation. At 27 days old fetuses, intestinal glands were not appeared yet. By the first day of postnatal life the duodenal glands appeared. The histological maturity of the rabbit small intestine occurred one month after birth. In conclusion, at all stages, the sequential morphologic changes of the rabbit small intestine developed to meet the structural and physiological demands during the fetal stage to be prepared to extra uterine life