Chemical rumenitis and septicemic colibacillosis causes death in a shoka deer calf [capreolus capreolus capreolus]

In May 2007, a suborder Shoka deer calf about one month of age was found in a preserved area of Arasbaran in the East Azerbaijan province. From an ecological view point, the Arasbaran area is uniquely labelled as a reserve biosphere. He calf had diarrhea that recovered after treatment. During rearing, The calf received pasteurized- homogenized milk from market as well as milk of a goat. After 3 weeks, the animal suddenly showed acute depression, anorexia and hypothermia. Antimicrobial and supportive therapy was ineffective and the calf died 12 hours after showing clinical signs. At necropsy, chemical rumenitis and hemorrhagic enteritis was observed. Pure Escherichia coli was isolated from liver, lungs, rumen and small intestine contents. Histopathologic examination revealed severe chemical rumenitis and necrohemorrhagic enteritis. Absence of mother, intake of milk from other species and stress of capture were predisposing factors. Entry and fermentation of milk in rumen provoked chemical rumenitis and stasis of digestive system could be responsible for septicemic Colibacillosis [colisepticemia] and death in this Shoka calf

[Endotoxemia and death caused by klebsiella pneumoniae [k1] and enteropathogenic escherichia coli in a red deer calf [cervus elaphus maral]]

A three month-old-male red deer calf [Cervus elaphus maral] was examined post mortem for the cause of death in Arasbaran preserved area in East Azerbaijan in September 2006. The main history of the case was the lack of colostrum intake after birth. The necropsy 6 hours after death, revealed severe general congestion especially in lungs and visceral organs [liver and jejunum]. The cut surface of lungs was moist and bronchial lumina contained a large amount of frothy pinkish edema fluid. Diffuse congestion of lung and porteinous exudates was prominent in examination. Histopathological examination revealed shock lung and hepatocytes dissociation with single cell necrosis in liver. Microscopic examination was in line with shock lung and alveolar edema. No parasites were observed within red blood cells. Bacteriological cultures gave rise to gram negative cocoobacilli and further biochemical tests performed on isolated colonies revealed the presence of pure Escherichia coli in liver and Klebsiella pnemoniae in lung. Using serological tests, E. coli serotypes O20 and O114 and Klebsiella pnemoniae serotype K1 were identified in purified bacterial cultures. This report presents endotoxemia and death in a red deer calf with lack of colostrum intake and transportation stress history