Simultaneous Molecular Detection of Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora from Raw Vegetables in Korea

Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora are well-known coccidian protozoa that can cause waterborne and foodborne diarrheal illnesses. There have been a few reports regarding contamination in different vegetables with Cryptosporidium, but no data are available regarding the sources of Cyclospora infections in Korea. In the present study, we collected 6 kinds of vegetables (perilla leaves, winter-grown cabbages, chives, sprouts, blueberries, and cherry tomatoes) from July 2014 to June 2015, and investigated contamination by these 2 protozoa using multiplex quantitative real-time PCR. Among 404 vegetables, Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora were detected in 31 (7.7%) and 5 (1.2%) samples, respectively. In addition, Cryptosporidium was isolated from all 6 kinds of vegetables, whereas Cyclospora was detected in 4 kinds of vegetables (except perilla leaves and chives). Cryptosporidium (17.8%) and Cyclospora (2.9%) had the highest detection rates in chives and winter-grown cabbages, respectively. Cryptosporidium was detected all year long; however, Cyclospora was detected only from October to January. In 2 samples (sprout and blueberry), both Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora were detected. Further investigations using TaqI restriction enzyme fragmentation and nested PCR confirmed Cryptosporidium parvum and Cyclospora cayetanensis, respectively. In conclusion, we detected C. cayetanensis in vegetables for the first time in Korea. This suggests that screening should be employed to prevent these protozoal infections in Korea.

Infection Status of Freshwater Fish with Metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis in Korea

This study investigated freshwater fish for their current infection status with metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis in Korea. Twenty-one species of freshwater fish (n = 677) were collected from 34 regions nationwidely from February 2007 to June 2008. They were individually examined by digestion technique. Eight species of freshwater fish from 17 different regions were recognized positive for the metacercariae of C. sinensis. The positive rates (range of metacercariae number per fish) of fish by the species were as follows: 48% (1-1,142) in Pseudorasbora parva, 60% (1-412) in Pungtungia herzi, 15.7% (1-23) in Pseudogobio esocinus, 29% (1-7) in Acheilognathus intermedia, 21% (1-4) in Odontobutis interrupta, 33% (1-6) in Zacco temmincki, 3.6% (1-4) in Zacco platypus, and 26.3% (1) in Hemibarbus labeo. The two species, P. parva and P. herzi, are able to be the index fish for estimation of C. sinensis transmission in a certain locality. Still several species of freshwater fish are briskly transmitting C. sinensis infection in many riverside areas of southern Korea.

Mature Cystic Teratoma / 대한내과학회지

No abstract available.

Papineau's Cancellous Bone Graft: 3 Cases Report / 대한정형외과학회잡지

2 cases of extensive open tibia fracture and 1 case of infecture of tibia were treated by Papineaus cancellous bone graft at department of orthopedic surgery, Inchon Christian Hospital from Dec. 1982 to Dec. 1984. 1. Bony stability was obtained by pin and resin method in 1 case, and the others were fixed by Hoffmanns external fixator. 2. Wound was healed spontaneously in case 1 and by skin graft in 2 cases. 3. Initial weight bearing started after evidence of radiological union about 12 weeks after bone graft with the supply of long leg brace in 2 cases and one was not supported.

Dislocation of the Metacarpophalangeal Joint Hand: Report of Three Cases / 대한정형외과학회잡지

Dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the finger is rare except thumb. We experienced a case of volar dislocation of little finger and 2 cases of dorsal dislocation of index finger. The mechanism of injury seems to be direct trauma to the dorsum of hand with the metacarpophalangeal joint acutely flexed in volar dislocation and the dorsal dislocation is forced the metacarpophalangeal joint into hyperextension. In 1957, Kaplan advocated the triple incision, that is release of the volar fibrocartilageous plate, the natatory ligament, and the superficial transverse metacarpal ligament, exposing the operation field through a palmar approach. The recommended treatment for such very rare injury is open reduction through nalmar approach in dorsal dislocation, and dorsal approach in volar dislocation; the single most important element preventing reduction is interposition of the volar plate within the joint space in dorsal dislocation and the obstacles of volar dislocation are entraped dorsal capsule and partial ruptured extensor tendon. In dorsal dislocation, we advocated only half release of volar fibrocartilage for lessor trauma of soft tissue and reduction was made easily after release of 1/2 volar fibrocartilage. We report this rare and interesting cases with review of literature.