Effect of integrated yoga module on selected psychological variables among women with anxiety problem / Efecto del módulo de yoga integrado sobre las variables psicológicas seleccionadas entre las mujeres con problemas de ansiedad

The implementation of yogic practices has proven benefits in both organic and psychological diseases. Forty-five women with anxiety selected by a random sampling method were divided into three groups. Experimental group I was subjected to asanas, relaxation and pranayama while Experimental group II was subjected to an integrated yoga module. The control group did not receive any intervention. Anxiety was measured by Taylor's Manifest Anxiety Scale before and after treatment. Frustration was measured through Reaction to Frustration Scale. All data were spread in an Excel sheet to be analysed with SPSS 16 software using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Selected yoga and asanas decreased anxiety and frustration scores but treatment with an integrated yoga module resulted in significant reduction of anxiety and frustration. To conclude, the practice of asanas and yoga decreased anxiety in women, and yoga as an integrated module significantly improved anxiety scores in young women with proven anxiety without any ill effects.

La implementación de prácticas de yoga ha demostrado beneficios en enfermedades tanto orgánicas como psicológicas. Cuarenta y cinco mujeres con ansiedad, seleccionadas por un método de muestreo aleatorio, fueron divididas en tres grupos. El grupo experimental I fue sometido a asanas, relajación y pranayama, mientras que el grupo experimental II fue sometido a un módulo de yoga integrado. El grupo de control no recibió ninguna intervención. La ansiedad fue medida por la Escala de Ansiedad Manifiesta de Taylor, antes y después del tratamiento. La frustración se midió a través de la Reacción a la Escala de Frustración. Todos los datos fueron separados en una hoja de Excel para ser analizados con el software SPSS 16 mediante el análisis de covarianza (ANCOVA). Las selecciones de asanas y yoga disminuyeron las puntuaciones de ansiedad y frustración, pero el tratamiento con el módulo de yoga integrado resultó en una reducción significativa de la ansiedad y la frustración. En resumen, la práctica de yoga y las asanas disminuyeron la ansiedad en las mujeres, y el yoga como en forma de módulo integrado mejoró significativamente las puntuaciones de ansiedad en las mujeres jóvenes con probada ansiedad, sin efectos negativos.

Impaired glucose tolerance: A pilot study in randomly selected population of Chennai.

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is considered as a prediabetic state that occupies a grey area between Diabetes mellitus (DM) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT). If diabetes is detected at the stage of impaired glucose tolerance, it may be possible to halt the progression to overt diabetes. The study was conducted to assess the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and its relation with age, sex, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and family history of diabetes mellitus in a randomly selected Chennai population of 200 subjects of both sexes as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Blood glucose concentration, body mass index and waist-hip ratio were measured by approved methods. All the data were statistically analyzed. Prevalence of IGT in this study population is 8.5%. BMI and family history of diabetes showed association with IGT. WHR showed association with IGT in males, but not in females. The prevalence of IGT is similar with differing age groups and sex.

Feasibility of breast conservation surgery in locally advanced breast cancer downstaged by neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a study in mastectomy specimens using simulation lumpectomy.

BACKGROUND: The response of locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) offers these patients previously treated by mastectomy, the chance for breast conservation. AIM: This study aims to assess the feasibility of lumpectomy in patients with LABC treated by NACT, with residual tumor < or =5 cm. SETTINGS, DESIGN: Single group prospective study from August 2001 to June 2003 in a teaching hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients with LABC whose tumors reduced with NACT to 5 cm were included. Simulation lumpectomy was performed on the mastectomy specimens to achieve 1 to 2 cm clearance from tumor and hence margin negativity. Multiple sections of the inked margin were studied. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Margin positivity was correlated with patient factors. Chi square test and Fisher's exact test used as appropriate. P value 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: After three cycles of NACT, 4 patients (13%) had complete clinical response including 2 with complete pathological response. Twenty-two (73%) showed partial response and 4, no response. Fourteen out of thirty (47%) had tumor involvement of margins. Tumors with post-chemotherapy size> 4 cm were margin positive in 10/13 (77%). Tumors with post-chemotherapy size>3 cm were margin positive in 13/24 (54%). Tumors with post-chemotherapy size 3 cm were margin negative in 5/6 (83%). Pre-chemotherapy tumor size and post-chemotherapy tumor size were significantly associated with margin positivity (P=0.003). Tumors in the subareolar location had significantly higher incidence of residual tumor in the nipple areola complex. (P=0.04). Margin positivity of lumpectomy on downstaged tumors can be reduced by removing the nipple areola complex in subareolar tumors and by limiting breast conservation to tumors with post-chemotherapy size < or =3 cm.