Effect of oral health intervention program on the self oral care of children attending childcare facilities: a quasi-experimental study

This study aimed to conduct a quasi-experimental study for assessing the effects of an oral health intervention program (OHIP), on the self-management of oral health in children attending childcare centers. The participants recruited were 83 children from two childcare centers, who were allocated to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received the OHIP. At baseline, a self-reported survey of parents was conducted. In addition, the oral status of the children at baseline and at 5 weeks was evaluated. Their brushing behavior was assessed once a week and every day during the OHIP intervention period and at home, respectively. After the follow-up at 12 weeks, dental plaque index (PI) was measured and two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was performed. The PI of the intervention group significantly decreased at week 5, compared to the baseline (1.90 ± 0.53, p < 0.001). Despite a substantial increase in week 12 (2.67 ± 0.08, p < 0.001), the PI was significantly lower than that of the control group (3.37 ± 0.60). The OHIP was effective in reducing the PI and modifying the brushing behavior among children. It is necessary to develop and expand a systematic oral health education program to promote self-management of oral health in children.

Antimicrobial effect against oral bacteria on bioactive compounds in a high-pressure enzymatic Prunus mume extract / Efeito antimicrobiano contra bactérias orais sobre compostos bioativos em um extrato enzimático de Prunus mume de alta pressão

To evaluate high-pressure processing combined with enzymatic treatment for extraction of Prunus mume by determining the optimum extraction conditions for the antimicrobial activity against oral bacteria. Highpressure enzymatic extraction was used to isolate biologically active components from P. mume. The effects of process variables such as enzyme type (Pectinex Ultra SP-L, Novozym 33095 and Viscozyme L), enzyme concentration, incubation time/temperature, pH, and ratio of enzymes antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens related to dental caries and periodontal diseases were determined by disk diffusion assay. The optimal conditions for enzymatic extraction from P. mume were pH 6.0, 45°C, 20 h, and 5 v/v% with Pectinex Ultra SP-L. The maximum antimicrobial activity of P. mume extract obtained using Novozym 33095 was at pH 7.0, 45°C, 20 h, and 5 v/v%. The Viscozyme L extract showed the maximum inhibitory effect at pH 6.0, 45°C, 20 h, and 5 v/v%. Use of combinations of enzymes did not result in significantly different antimicrobial activity (p < 0.05) compared with each enzyme alone. Minimum inhibitory concentration values were 3.125 to 12.50%. These results indicated that high-pressure enzymatic extraction yielded P. mume extract with antimicrobial activity which has the potential for improving oral environment.

Avaliar o processamento de alta pressão combinado com o tratamento enzimático para a extração de Prunus mume, determinando as condições ótimas de extração para a atividade antimicrobiana contra as bactérias orais. A extração enzimática de alta pressão foi utilizada para isolar os componentes biologicamente ativos de P. mume. Os efeitos das variáveis do processo como o tipo enzimático (Pectinex Ultra SP-L, Novozym 33095 e Viscozyme L), a concentração de enzima, o tempo/temperatura de incubação, pH, e a relação da atividade antimicrobiana de enzimas contra os patógenos orais relacionados à cárie dentária e doenças periodontais foram determinados pelo ensaio de difusão em disco. As condições ótimas para a extração enzimática de P. mume foram pH 6.0, 45°C, 20 h, e 5 v/v% com Pectinex Ultra SP-L. A máxima atividade antimicrobiana do extrato de P. mume obtida usando Novozym 33095 foi em pH 7.0, 45°C, 20 h, e 5 v/v%. O extrato de Viscozyme L apresentou o efeito inibitório máximo em pH 6.0, 45°C, 20 h, e 5 v/v%. O uso de combinações de enzimas não resultou em uma atividade antimicrobiana significativamente diferente (p < 0.05) em comparação com cada enzima por separada. Os valores mínimos da concentração inibitória foram de 3.125 a 12.50%. Estes resultados indicaram que a extração enzimática de alta pressão produziu o extrato de P. mume com atividade antimicrobiana,o qual tem o potencial para melhorar o ambiente bucal.