Paradoxical Heart Failure Precipitated by Profound Dehydration: Intraventricular Dynamic Obstruction and Significant Mitral Regurgitation in a Volume-Depleted Heart

Occurrence of dynamic left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction is not infrequent in critically ill patients, and it is associated with potential danger. Here, we report a case of transient heart failure with hemodynamic deterioration paradoxically induced by extreme dehydration. This article describes clinical features of the patient and echocardiographic findings of dynamic LVOT obstruction and significant mitral regurgitation caused by systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve in a volume-depleted heart.

The Unusual Suspect: Anemia-induced Systolic Anterior Motion of the Mitral Valve and Intraventricular Dynamic Obstruction in a Hyperdynamic Heart as Unexpected Causes of Exertional Dyspnea after Cardiac Surgery

Dynamic left ventricular (LV) outflow tract obstruction is a characteristic feature of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; however, it can also occur in association with hyperdynamic LV contraction and/or changes in the cardiac loading condition, even in a structurally normal or near-normal heart. Here, we report a case of anemia-induced systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve and the resultant intraventricular obstruction in a patient who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and suffered from anemia associated with recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding.