Cell cycle arrest at M phase induced by vinblastine in MOLT-4 cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the biological effect of vinblastine (VLS), usually known as inductor of mitotic arrest, on MOLT-4 of ALL cells and to evaluate its significance. The cell arrest in M phase and/or cell apoptosis were induced by treatment of MOLT-4 cells with 0.05 microg/ml VLS for 0 - 12 hours; the DNA histogram was detected by flow cytometry; the morphological changes of cells were observed by confocal microscopy; the cell cycle distribution, cell apoptosis and morphological changes of cells before and after arrest were analyzed by using arrest increasing rate (AIR), arrest efficiency (AE), apoptosis rate (AR) and morphologic parameters respectively. The results indicated that the cell arrest did not accompanied by significant increase of apoptosis rate; the DNA histogram of cell arrest showed dynamic change of cell cycle in time-dependent manner; the arrest efficiency could be quantified. The cell arrest at M phase was accompanied by cell stack in S phase, the cell proliferation rate dropped after cell arrest occurred. The cells arrested at M phase possessed of characteristic morphologic features in cell mitosis. It is concluded that the vinblastine can solely induce arrest of MOLT-4 cells at M phase. This study provides experimental basis for further investigating the relation of cell cycle arrest to apoptosis, mechanism of checkpoint and development of new anticancer drugs.

Discrimination of anticancer agent action loci at G(2) and M phases by flow cytometry and confocal microscopic imaging / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to evaluate a method to discriminate the action loci of anticancer agents in G(2) and M phases of cell cycle. The meta-amsacrine (m-AMSA) and vinblastine (VBL), already known as G(2) and M phase arrest agent respectively, were used to induce the arrest of MOLT-4 cells at G(2) and M phases, the change of DNA content was detected by flow cytometry, the morphology of arrested cells was observed by confocal microscopy so as to find the arrest efficacy difference of 2 anticancer agents. As a result, the flow cytometric detection showed that the arrested MOLT-4 cells displayed the raise of peaks in G(2) and M phases, but flow cytometric detection alone can not discriminate the difference between them. The observation with confocal microscopy showed that the MOLT-4 cells arrested by m-AMSA displayed the morphologic features in G(2) phase, while the MOLT-4 cells arrested by VBL displayed the morphologic features in M phase. This observation with confocal microscopy is helpful to discriminate the difference between them. In conclusion, the combination of flow cytometry with confocal microscopy is one of the effective methods to discriminate the kind of G(2) or M phase arresting agent of anticancer drugs.

Combined surgical therapy for hepatolithiasis / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the combined surgical therapy for calculi of intrahepatic duct.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and eight cases of hepatolithiasis treated in our hospital from January 1986 to September 2003 were summarized and analyzed retrospectively. The primary surgery included 57 cases of biliary tract exploration and cholangiolithotomy, 26 cases of cholangiojejunostomy, and 25 cases of partial hepatectomy. Of these cases, 156 operations were performed totally. There were 36 patients undergoing two or more operations for cholangiolithiasis problem. Fiberoptic choledochoscopy was employed to examine and remove the residual stones during and after operation in all cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The residual stone rates were 57.89% (33/57), 26.92% (7/26), and 24.0% (6/25) for biliary tract exploration and cholangiolithotomy, cholangiojejunostomy, and partial hepatectomy, respectively. Fiberoptic choledochoscopy was utilized pre- and post-operatively for each patient, which was performed 2 to 9 times on each case. Following the combined treatment, the rate of residual stone after operation decreased to 12.96% (14/108).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The combined surgical therapy is valuable for resolving the problem of hepatolithiasis in most of the patients. Regarding the clinical outcomes of different surgical procedures, partial hepatectomy is superior to cholangiojejunostomy or biliary tract exploration and cholangiolithotomy. Fiberoptic choledochoscopy is also important to reduce the occurrence of residual stones and the rate of reoperation.</p>

Diagnosis and treatment of polypoid lesion of the gallbladder / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the principles of diagnosis and treatment of the polypoid lesion of gallbladder.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical and pathological features of 342 cases were analysed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally 328 patients with benign polypoid lesions (including 234 cholesterol polyps, and 74 adenomas), and 14 patients with malignant polypoid lesions (including 10 adenocarcinomas and 4 adenomas with malignant changes) were included. Two hundred and forty-seven cases (72.2%) had symptoms. Seventy-eight point six percent of patients with malignant polyps were over 50 years of age, and while 29.9 percent of patients with non-malignant polyps were over 50 years. The lesions were more than 1 cm in 91.7% of the malignant polyps and in only 13.2% of the benign polyps. One hundred percent of malignant polyps, and 46 percent of benign polyps were single polyp.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Cholesterol polyps, adenomas, and adenocarcinomas are the most common lesions in polypoid lesion of the gallbladder. Cholecystectomy should be done in patients with symptoms. The risk factors for malignancy are the age of the patient (> 50), the size (> 1 cm), and number (single) of the polypoid lesions. In asymptomatic patients, cholecystectomy can be justified after integrated analysis.</p>