Proficiency testing for determination of photometric method of bacterial endotoxin / 中国药理学通报

Aim To design and implement the bacteri¬al endotoxin test proficiency testing plan to evaluate the laboratory's ability and level to determine bacterial en¬dotoxin. Methods According to the Chinese Pharma-copoeia (2015 edition, Vol IV) -1143 Bacterial Endo¬toxin Test-Photometric Method ( Method 2 ) , each la¬boratory used any of these methods to determine the endotoxin content of the sample to be tested. The stati- stical software JMP13 was used for statistical analysis of the feedback results of the participating laboratories. The consensus value of the participants, namely the ro¬bust average value of the effective test results of all the participating laboratories, was used as the assigned value X of the endotoxin content of the samples to be tested in the proficiency testing of the round. The re¬sults of participating laboratories were evaluated ac¬cording to the following criteria: (1) the laboratory test results were within 50% to 200% of the assigned value of the sample, which was evaluated satisfactory; ( 2 ) the laboratory test results were not within the 50 -200% range of the assigned value of the sample, which was evaluated dissatisfactory. Results A total of laboratories participated in this capacity verification plan, with 45 in the laboratory with satisfactory re¬sults, with a satisfaction of 91. 8% ; There were 4 la¬boratories that received "dissatisfaction" results, all of which were not within the range of 50% -200% of the assigned value of samples, and the dissatisfaction of 8. 2% . Conclusions Most of the participating labora¬tories can accurately detect the bacterial endotoxin con¬tent in the sample to be tested, indicating that the level of bacterial endotoxin detection in our country is gener¬ally good at present.

Intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula mimicking ischemic stroke and treated with intravenous thrombolysis

@#Stroke patients are evaluated with a non-contrasted brain computed tomography (CT) scan for decision-making for intravenous thrombolysis. We report a case of a patient who presented with receptive aphasia, and was administered IV alteplase after the non-contrasted brain CT showed no contraindication. However, a dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) was detected on the subsequent CT angiography performed in the consideration for endovascular therapy. The patient developed fatal symptomatic intra-cerebral hemorrhage, despite subsequent cessation and reversal of thrombolysis. This case highlights how early CT angiography can be useful in hyper-acute stroke patients beyond the detection of large vessel occlusions, with its ability in revealing stroke mimics such as dural arteriovenous fistula and other contraindications to thrombolysis, which may be missed on the noncontrasted brain CT.

Advance in Trunk Control Measurement Scale for Patients with Cerebral Palsy (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Complex physical activity is a prerequisite for the completion of advanced sports skills, while trunk control is a prerequisite for complex physical activity. Cerebral palsy is often characterized by poor trunk control and poor balance response. An accurate measurement for trunk control function of patients is of great guiding significance for clinical treatment. Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS) is applied to children with neuromotor dysfunction aged five years and above. TCMS has high reliability and validity, and high test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability in evaluating spastic cerebral palsy, and it is a reliable, effective and appropriate measurement tool in evaluating the trunk control ability. It can combine with other functional scales to provide more valuable information for the function of patients with cerebral palsy because of its high correlation with other types of scales.

High-frequency echocardiography for assessment of regional wall motion abnormality and cardiac function in mice with myocardial infarction / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the value of high-frequency echocardiography in assessing cardiac structure and function in a mouse model of myocardial infarction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-five C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham-operated group (n=10) and myocardial infarction model group (n=15) established by ligation of the left anterior descending artery. The cardiac structure, regional wall motion and cardiac function of mice were examined with pulsed wave Doppler (PWD), tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), EKV and M-mode echocardiography 3 days before and at 1 week after the operation. The histological changes and myocardial structure of the heart were observed at 1 week after the operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>High-frequency echocardiography and HE staining detected obvious myocardial infarction in the mice in the model group. Compared with the sham-operated mice, the mice with myocardial infarction showed significant left ventricular expansion, obvious thinning of the ventricular wall, and significantly decreased ventricular systolic function and diastolic function with regional wall motion abnormality and ventricular remodeling.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>s 2D-type echocardiography combined with M-mode, PWD, TDI and EKVTM for allows accurate and sensitive detection of the loci and severity of myocardial infarction to provide important evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment of myocardial infarction.</p>

Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and allergic diseases / 中国综合临床

Objective The association between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection and allergic diseases was controversial.The aim of this study was to investigate the association between H.pylori infection and allergic diseases.Methods A questionnaire survey regarding the general health condition and allergic diseases was carried out in patients who had taken gastroscopy at People's Hospital of Peking University from September 2015 to April 2016.H.pylori infection was detected by the H.pylori antibody,rapid urease test and gastric mucosa pathology.Results There were 1 034 patients were enrolled in this study.The rate of H.pylori infection was 20.5%(212/1 034).The frequencies of contact dermatitis,urticaria,food/drug allergy,allergic rhinitis,bronchial asthma were 6.9%(71/1 034),15.5%(160/1 034),18.0%(186/1 034),20.8%(215/1 034) and 3.4%(35/1 034),respectively.The rate of the food/drug allergy was significantly lower in the H.pylori-positive group than in the H.pylori-negative group(11.8 %(25/212) vs.19.6%(161/822),χ2=6.940,P=0.008).The risk of food/drug allergy in H.pylori-positive group was 0.611(95% CI:0.386-0.966,P=0.035) in the multivariate analysis.When the patients were divided into age-dependent groups,the rate of the food/drug allergy was significantly lower in the H.pylori-positive group than in the H.pylori-negative group(10.9 %(11/101) vs.20.6%(101/490),χ2=5.152,P=0.023) in those patients ≥50 years old.There were not statistically significant differences on contact dermatitis,urticaria,eczema,asthma and allergic rhinitis between helicobacter pylori positive group and negative group(P>0.05).Conclusion H.pylori infection may be a protective factor in food/drug allergy and the protective effect enhanced by infection time.

Screening and follow-up for congenital heart disease in children aged 0-3 years in rural areas of Chongqing, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in children aged 0-3 years in the rural areas of Chongqing, and to determine the suitable "screening-diagnosis-follow-up" system and screening indicators for CHD in these areas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Children aged 0-3 years from rural areas of the Fuling Disctrict of Chongqing were selected by cluster sampling. Using the "screening-diagnosis-evaluation system" employed at the levels of village/town, district/county, and province/city, the children were screened for seven indicators, i.e., family history of CHD, dyspnea, cyanosis, unique facial features, other congenital malformations, heart murmurs, and blood oxygen saturation (SpO<95%). Children who were positive for one or more indicators accepted echocardiography (ECG) for the diagnosis of CHD. CHD patients were evaluated for disease progression, given guided treatments, and followed-up by pediatric cardiologists.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Screening was performed for 10 005 out of the 10 281 children enrolled in the study (97.32% response rate). Among the 175 children who were positive for the indicators, 166 underwent ECG and 60 (0.6‰) were diagnosed with CHD, including 46 cases of simple CHD (76.65%), 11 cases of combined CHD (18.33%), and 3 cases of complex CHD (5.00%). Of the 7 screening indicators, heart murmur had the largest area under the ROC curve for the diagnosis of CHD. In addition, a combination of screening indicators (heart murmur, unique facial features, and other congenital malformations) was most effective for screening out CHD. The CHD patients were given surgical or intervention treatments, and followed up for 6 to 18 months. Ten patients improved without treatment, 13 patients received interventional or surgical treatment, 1 patient died of non-cardiac reasons. The remaining 36 patients were subjected to further follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Heart murmur alone and in combination with unique facial features and other congenital malformations are valuable tools for CHD screening in children aged 0-3 years. The "village/town-district/county-province/city" screening-diagnosis-evaluation systems are useful for the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of CHD in infants and young children from the rural areas of Chongqing.</p>

Computer-assisted screening system for individualized treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a computer-assisted screening system for individualized treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of the diabetic patients were retrospectively analyzed, and the regression equation for the affecting factors and therapeutic effect was established. With computer-aided programming, a computer-assisted screening system was established.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A computer-assisted screening system for individualized treatment type 2 diabetes was established, which showed a concordance rate was 98% in clinical verification.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Using epidemiological methods and assistance by computer technique, a computer-assisted screening system for individualized prescription can be established for selecting therapeutic regimen for type 2 diabetes.</p>

Analysis of the risk factors of pulmonary fungal infections related to hematologic malignancies / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the risk factors of pulmonary fungal infections related to hematologic malignancies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective case-controlled study was conducted to analyze the patients with pulmonary fungal and bacterial infections in association with hematologic malignancies. The risk factors of pulmonary fungal infections related to hematologic malignancies were identified.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Three hundred and four cases (194 of pulmonary fungal infections and 110 of pulmonary bacterial infections) were enrolled in this study. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression show that such factors as corticosteroid, halo sign, previous fungal infections, ANC lower than 0.5 x 10(9)/L for over 10 days, nodus near pleura, transplantation (immunodepressant use), chemotherapy, and broad spectrum antibiotics were all the independent risk factors of pulmonary fungal infections related to hematologic malignancies.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There are many risk factors for pulmonary fungal infections related to hematologic malignancies, and early identification of these factors for timely antifungal treatment is of much clinical significance.</p>

Effect of laparoscopic visual reality training on the basic technical skill of laparoscopic operation / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To explore the outcome of laparoscopic visual reality training in participants with different clinical experiences. Methods Clinical training doctors,advanced study doctors,intern doctors practiced peg transfer,cutting and making saturation and instrumental tie by using laparoscopic visual reality training,then made statistical analysis. The participants were trained for 2 weeks,90 min per day. The scores before and after the training in the 3 groups were recorded and compared. Results Before the training,the level of intern doctors on peg transfer、cutting and making saturation and instrumental tie was lower than the level of clinical training doctors and advanced study doctors(P0.05). The level of three different operators after training was obviously higher than that of themselves before training(P

Investigation on medical cost of 72 patients with panic disorder / 中国基层医药

Objective To investigate the medical cost of 72 patients with panic disorder and efficacy of paroxetine(SSRIs)in the treatment.Methods The course,medical cost,types and times of main examination of all 72 patients were reviewed and analyzed.The effect of paroxetine on the patients was studied in terms of anxiety and depression scale.Results The 72 patients had long course,high medical cost and received many unnecessary medical examinations.Paroxerine was effective on patients with panic disorder in light of anxiety and depression scale.Con- clusion Patients with panic disorder had long course and spent much unnecessany money before final diagnosis. Paroxetine was useful and safe in the treatment of panic disorder.