Research hotspots of prostate cancer at the international conferences on urology in 2022 / 浙江大学学报·医学版

The American Urological Association (AUA), European Association of Urology (EUA) and International Urological Society (SIU) annual meetings were held in 2022. Studies on prostate cancer reported in the meetings mainly focus on the advances of diagnostic biomarkers (such as α-2, 3-1inked sialylation of terminal N-glycan on free PSA density, SelectMDx) and imaging techniques [such as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, prostate specific membrane antigen(PSMA)-PET/CT], the new method for prostate biopsy, the new treatments of prostate cancer including [177Lu] Ludotadipep and DROP-IN PSMA probe, and the prognosis assessment of prostate cancer (such as AR-V7). This article provides an overview on the research hotspots of three international academic meetings.

Characteristics of injury caused by animals in Wenzhou / 预防医学

Objective@#To learn the characteristics of injury cases caused by animals in Wenzhou and to provide the reference for injury prevention.@*Methods@#We collected the data of injury cases caused by animals in six sentinel hospitals in Wenzhou from 2016 to 2018,and analyzed the animal species,the severity and the location of injury. We conducted circular distribution method for the seasonal distribution features of injury cases. @*Results@#There were 3 743 cases caused by animals in Wenzhou from 2016 to 2018,with 2 045（54.64%）males and 1 698（45.36%）females. About 43.68%（1 635）of cases were 15-44 years old. About 31.66%（1 185）of cases were students and preschool children. There were 2 445 cases（65.32%）caused by dog and 3 212 cases（85.81%）occurred at home. The results of circular distribution analysis showed that the third quarter of a year was the peak time of injuries caused by animals（Z=251.32,P<0.05）,with 1 342 cases accounting for 35.85%. @*Conclusion@#Most injury cases in Wenzhou caused by animals are caused by dogs and occur at home in summer,affecting children and young adults.

Vitamin C treatment promotes cell proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells under high glucose conditions / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Although vitamin C has an anti-oxidation role and can promote cell proliferation, there is a lack of research about the promoting effect of vitamin C on the proliferation of adipose-derived stem cells under high glucose conditions and the related molecular mechanisms.OBJECTIVE:To explore the promoting effect of vitamin C on the proliferation adipose-derived stem cells treated by the high glucose and the related molecular mechanisms.METHODS:Passage 3 human adipose-derived stem cells were cultured under high glucose conditions and then treated with different concentrations of vitamin C (0, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 μmol/L). Cells cultured under low glucose conditions acted as controls. The expression levels of p-ERK and p-AKT proteins were detected by western blot. MTT method was used to choose the optimal concentration and time of vitamin C for all the subsequent tests. Human adipose-derived stem cells cultured under high glucose conditions were divided into four groups, and cells in blank control group had no treatment. Cells in the other three groups were treated with the optimal concentration of vitamin C (vitamin C group), LY294002+the optimal concentration of vitamin C (LY294002 group), or U0126+the optimal concentration of vitamin C (U0126 group) for 48 hours.EdU staining assay was used to detect the cell proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Cell counting kit detection:We found that high glucose reduced the proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells, and vitamin C promoted the proliferation of these cells. The best concentration of vitamin C was 200 μmol/L and the optimal effect time was 48 hours. (2) Western blot detection:Compared with the 0 μmol/L vitamin C group, the level of p-ERK in the 200 μmol/L vitamin C group was upregulated significantly (P < 0.01),while no significant expression change in p-AKT protein was found in control, 0 and 200 μmol/L vitamin C groups.(3) EdU test:the number of EdU positive cells was significantly higher in the vitamin C, LY294002, and control groups compared with the blank control group (P < 0.01). Moreover, compared with the vitamin C group, the EdU positive cells in the U0126 group were decreased significantly in number (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway is involved in the promotion effect of vitamin C on the proliferation of human adipose-derived stem cells under high glucose conditions.

Effect of high-fat meal and ABCB1 C3435 T polymorphism on pharmacokinetics of nifedipine in healthy Chinese subjects / 中国药理学通报

Aim To determine the effects of high-fat meal and ABCB1 C3435 T polymorphism on the phar-macokinetics of nifedipine in the healthy Chinese sub-jects. Methods A total of 90 unrelated healthy Han subjects were divided into two groups:fasting group ( n=45 ) and high-fat meal group ( n=45 ) and then they received a single oral dose of 90 mg extended release tablet. Multiple blood samples were collected after 48 h, and the plasma concentrations of nifedipine were determined by high performance liquid chromatogra-phy- mass spectrometry ( LC-MS ) . PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism ( RFLP ) analysis was performed to detect the C3435 T polymorphism in AB-CB1 gene. Results The numbers of individuals carry-ing C/C, C/T and T/T genotypes in fasting group were 13, 24 and 8, respectively. The mean area under the curve ( AUC0-∞) in subjects carrying T/T genotype distinctly increased by 46. 34% compared with subjects with C/C genotype, but there was no statistically sig-nificant difference (P=0. 066). In addition, pharma-cokinetic parameters including Tpeak, Cmax and AUC0-48 had statistically significant differences between fasting group and high-fat meal group ( all P<0. 05 ) . Con-clution High-fat meal can speed the absorption and increase the extent of nifedipine absorption; ABCB1 C3435 T polymorphism almost does not affect the phar-macokinetics of nifedipine.