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BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behavior poses a significant risk to the psychosomatic health of middle school students. However， the intrinsic mechanisms underlying the risk factors associated with NSSI behavior remain unclear. ObjectiveTo explore the relationship and underlying mechanism between depressive mood， impulsivity， and NSSI behavior in middle school students， and provide valuable insights for the prevention and intervention of NSSI behavior in this population. MethodsIn March 2021， 1 161 middle school students were recruited by cluster random sampling. They were assessed using Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Assessment Questionnaire （ANSAQ）， Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale （CES-D）， and Barratt Impulsivity Scale （BIS-II）. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between depressive mood， impulsivity and NSSI behavior in middle school students. Moreover， the Process mediation effect analysis was adopted to test the mediating role of impulsivity between depressive mood and NSSI behavior. ResultsTotal of 122 people（10.51%） with NSSI behavior were detected. CES-D score was positively correlated with the total score of BIS-II and scores of all dimensions （r=0.340~0.556， P<0.01）， and also were positively correlated with the total score of ANSAQ and scores of all dimensions （r=0.437~0.540， P<0.01）. Additionally， the total score and dimension scores of BIS-II were positively correlated with the total score and dimension scores of ANSAQ （r=0.157~0.437， P<0.01）. Impulsivity played a partial mediating role between depressive mood and NSSI behavior ［indirect effect=0.035 （95% CI： 0.004~0.067， P<0.01）， indirect effect accounted for 5.81% of the total effect］. ConclusionDepressive mood in middle school students has both a direct and indirect influence on NSSI behavior， partially mediated by impulsivity. Consequently， impulsivity plays a partial mediating role between depressive mood and NSSI behavior.［Funded by Humanities and Social Sciences Research Science Institute of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission （number， 23KSZ017）］
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Primary intrahepatic stones (PIS) is a refractory disease with a high incidence rate in southwest China, and some patients still require surgery again or even more times after initial treatment. Many studies in recent years have shown that some specific flora can colonize in the intrahepatic bile duct, leading to chronic infection and inflammation of the biliary system, and these specific types of flora, called "stone-causing flora", can produce metabolites such as β-glucuronidase and play an important role in the formation of pigmented stones. This article analyzes the role of stone-causing flora in the pathogenesis of PIS, so as to provide more treatment options for PIS patients.
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Objective:To compare three fixed-field intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plans for nasal cavity and paranasal sinus tumors, including the coplanar IMRT (C-IMRT) plan and the non-coplanar IMRT(NC-IMRT) plan which were based on a conventional C-arm LINAC (Trilogy), and the coplanar IMRT (H-IMRT) plan based on an O-ring LINAC (Halcyon).Methods:Based on the data of 10 patients in the Ningbo First Hospital from December 2018 to December 2021 with nasal cavity and paranasal sinus tumors who underwent postoperative radiotherapy, this study redesigned three IMRT plans with the same prescribed doses and optimization objectives. Then, this study compared the doses of target volumes and organ at risks(OARs), the validation pass rates, and the execution time of these plans. Friedman test was employed in this study, and multiple comparisons were further made in cases of different results.Results:The differences in the conformal index (CI) of PTV and PTV boost of the three plans were statistically significant ( χ2 = 7.51, 9.69, P < 0.05). The multiple comparisons showed that the median CI of the H-IMRT plan was higher than that of the NC-IMRT plan ( Z = 2.53, 2.68, P < 0.05). The differences in other parameters of target volumes were not statistically significant. Compared with the C-IMRT plan, the H-IMRT plan reduced the Dmax of bilateral lenses, bilateral corneas, ipsilateral optic nerve, and ipsilateral eyeball ( Z = 2.80, 2.80, 2.80, 2.80, 2.81, 2.09, P < 0.05). Compared with the C-IMRT plan, the NC-IMRT reduced the Dmax of bilateral lenses, corneas, and eyeballs and contralateral optic nerve ( Z = 2.80, 2.66, 2.80, 2.70, 2.29, 2.29, 2.65, P < 0.05) and reduced the Dmean of bilateral eyeballs ( Z = 2.80, 2.80, P < 0.05). Compared with the NC-IMRT plan, the H-IMRT plan reduced the Dmax of the ipsilateral lens and cornea ( Z = 2.50, 2.08, P < 0.05), but increased the Dmax of the contralateral optic nerve and the Dmean of bilateral eyeballs ( Z = 2.80, 2.80, 2.80, P < 0.05). The validation pass rate of the three plans met the institutional standards, and the differences were not statistically significant. Moreover, the H-IMRT plan had the shortest median execution time (172.00 s), followed by the C-IMRT plan (337.50 s), and the NC-IMRT plan (388.00 s). Conclusions:The verification pass rate of the three plans can achieve the requirements of treatment implementation. The three plans had similar dosimetric differences in target volumes. However, the H-IMRT and NC-IMRT plans can protect the normal tissues (especially optical organs) more effectively than the C-IMRT plan, which is conducive to reducing the toxicity after radiotherapy and provides space for local dose increase or the radiotherapy for the treatment of tumor recurrence. The execution efficiency of the three plans is in the order of H-IMRT > C-IMRT > NC-IMRT. It is necessary to select appropriate radiotherapy equipment and technology according to actual situations.
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Objective:To investigate the dosimetric differences between conventional IMRT and electron beam conformal radiotherapy (EBCRT) combined with IMRT for post-mastectomy left-sided breast cancer patients.Methods:A total of 20 post-mastectomy left-sided breast cancer patients who were treated in the Ningbo First Hospital from June 2018 to October 2021 were retrospectively studied. The planning target volume (PTV) included the supra-and infra-clavicular regions(PTV sc)and the ipsilateral chest wall (PTV cw), and the prescribed dose was 50 Gy/25 f. All radiotherapy plans were designed using the Varian Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS). After that, the dose distribution of the target volume and the dose exposure of organs at risk (OARs) were compared and analyzed. Results:All the IMRT plans met the clinical requirements, yet 2/20 of the EBCRT combined with IMRT plans were not clinically accepted. For these two patients, the maximum chest wall thickness was 3.7 cm and 4.4 cm each, and the designed electron beam energy was 12 MeV and 15 MeV, respectively. The dose to the ipsilateral lung of these two patients exceeded the institution-specific dose limit standard. For the remaining 18 patients whose chest wall thickness was 3 cm or less, the designed electron beams were 9 MeV or less. All the EBCRT combined with IMRT plans were clinically accepted. The target dose distribution of the conventional IMRT was better than that of the EBCRT combined with IMRT (uniformity index (HI): PTV sc: t = -10.20, P<0.05; PTV cw: t = -9.24, P<0.05; conformal index (CI): PTV all: t = 10.39, P <0.05). For OARs, the V5 Gy, V20 Gy, and Dmean of the ipsilateral lung of EBCRT combined with IMRT were lower than those of IMRT ( t = 5.98, 6.30, 11.30, P <0.05). Specifically, the V25 Gy and Dmean of heart decreased by 8.3% and 4.79 Gy, respectively ( t = 15.23, 15.76, P<0.05), the Dmean of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LADCA) decreased by 44.03% ( t = 11.69, P <0.05), and the V5 Gy and Dmean of the contralateral breast decreased by 7.9% and 0.8 Gy, respectively ( t = 3.66, 4.93, P<0.05). The dosimetric differences of other OARs were not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). Conclusions:For post-mastectomy left-sided breast cancer patients with a chest wall thickness of less than 3 cm, EBCRT combined IMRT can significantly reduce the exposure dose to the heart, the ipsilateral lung, and the contralateral breast, which is beneficial to reducing the potential risk of long-term complications after radiotherapy and can further improve the long-term overall survival rate of patients. For patients with thick chest wall, IMRT plans are more technologically ideal.
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Objective:To investigate the epidemic characteristics and current situation of animal plague in Zhejiang Province, in order to provide data support for prevention and control of the plague in the whole province.Methods:A retrospective study was carried out to collect surveillance data of animal plague in Zhejiang Province from 2006 to 2020 from the "Pubonic Plague Control Management Information System". Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the density of domestic and wild rodents, the distribution of rodent species and flea species, and the serological and pathogenic test results of host animals.Results:From 2006 to 2020, the annual average density of domestic rodent in Zhejiang Province was 3.99%, which was lower than that in 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2019 and 2020. The annual average density of wild rodents was 4.52%, which was lower than that in 2013, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. From 2006 to 2020, a total of 173 432 rodents were captured, belonging to 3 orders, 5 families, 12 genera and 17 species; in the composition of rodent species, Rattus norvegicus was the most, accounting for 32.15% (55 765/173 432). A total of 107 736 rodents were examined, the number of flea-infected rodent was 3 885, and the flea-infested rate was 3.61%; the total number of flea collected was 9 039 and the total flea index was 0.083 9. A total of 172 235 serological samples were tested at various monitoring sites in Zhejiang Province, and 10 positive samples were detected, there were 7 copies of Apodemus agrarianus, 2 copies of Smelly Shrew and 1 copy of Rattus norvegicus, with titers ranging from 1 ∶ 40 - 1 ∶ 320; a total of 163 618 copies of rodent liver and spleen organs were cultured, and no Yersinia pestis was isolated. Conclusions:Positive host animals have been detected in Zhejiang Province for many years. It is necessary to further standardize plague surveillance and make emergency preparations to prevent relapse and import of the epidemics.
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Objective:To evaluate the dosimetric effect of multi-leaf collimator (MLC) position error on dynamic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (dMLC-IMRT), aiming to provide guidance for the establishment of MLC quality control accuracy and operation tolerance.Methods:In the phantom study, the virtual water phantom established in the treatment planning system (TPS), and three dynamic sliding window test fields with gap width of 5 mm, 10 mm and 20 mm were designed. Clinical treatment plans of 7 common tumor types were extracted, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma, glioma, lung cancer, esophageal cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer, and breast cancer, with 6 cases in each. MLC errors were introduced into the copy from original plan to generate the simulation plans. MLC errors included systematic open/close error, systematic deviation error and random error. The dosimetric differences between the original and simulation plans were compared.Results:The phantom study showed that the symbol of dose deviation was the same as that of systematic open/close error, and the value was increased with the increase of MLC error and decreased with the increase of gap width. The results of patient study showed that the systematic open/close error had a significant effect on dosimetry, the target volume dose sensitivities of different plans were 7.258-13.743%/mm, and were negatively correlated with the average field width. The dosimetric deviation caused by the systematic shift error below 2 mm was less than 2%. The dosimetric change caused by the random error below 2 mm could be neglected in clinical treatment.Conclusions:The minimal gap width should be limited in TPS, whereas the quality control of MLC should be strengthened. In addition, for the dynamic intensity-modulated treatment technology, 2 mm random error was suggested to be the operation tolerance during treatment delivery, and 0.2 mm alignment accuracy on each side (or 0.4 mm unilateral) is recommended to be the MLC quality control accuracy to ensure the dose accuracy of radiotherapy for different tumors.
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Objective To evaluate the dosimetric differences of one RapidPlan Model on different Radiotherapy devices.Methods A RapidPlan Model was built based on 30 reoptimization IMRT plans of cervical cancer patients on typeA LA.Dosimetric differences of automatic optimized IMRT plans using this model on 4 different type LAs,named respectivelyA,B,C andD,were compared with 12 test cervical cancer cases.These four LAs were well commissioned in the treatment planning system (TPS).Student t test was applied for statistical analysis on dosimetric differences.Results Dosimetric differences between A vs.B,C and D were observed on Dmean,HI,CI of PTV50 and PTV45,as well as on V50,V40,V30 of rectum and bladder.Significant dosimetric differences were observed between A and D (P<0.05).Conclusions Automatic planning with RapidPlan model may result in dosimetric differences on different Radiotherapy devices.These differences should be aware of with caution in its clinical application.
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In order to investigate biological functions of the 14-3-3 genes and their response to abiotic stress, two cDNAs (designated as Ta14R1 and Ta14R2) encoding putative 14-3-3 proteins were isolated from wheat by PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE) technique. The cDNA of Ta14R1 is 999bp and encodes a protein of 262 amino acids, while the cDNA of Ta14R2 is 897bp in length and encodes a protein of 261 amino acids. Transient expression assays using Ta14R1/Ta14R2-GFP fusion constructs indicated that Ta14R1 and Ta14R2 were located in cytoplasm and cell membrane but not in chloroplasts. Real-time quantitative (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that Ta14R1 and Ta14R2 were differentially expressed in wheat tissues and significantly up-regulated in roots and shoots 1d after germination, indicating they may play a role in process of seed germination. The expression of the two genes in roots and leaves were significantly induced by plant hormone ABA, as well as heat, cold and drought treatments, suggesting that the two 14-3-3 genes in wheat may be involved in ABA dependent stress-responding pathway and response to heat, cold and drought stress.
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Proteínas 14-3-3 , Genética , Ácido Abscísico , Farmacología , ADN Complementario , Sequías , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Genes de Plantas , Germinación , Hojas de la Planta , Genética , Fisiología , Raíces de Plantas , Genética , Fisiología , Estrés Fisiológico , Temperatura , Triticum , Genética , FisiologíaRESUMEN
Objective To study the scattering effect of Co-Cr-Mo hip prosthesis which was high Z material for patients undergoing pelvic irradiation.Methods The hip prosthesis was set in water phantom (30 cm×30 cm×30 cm), determing points were chosen on the entrance side of both 6 MV and 10 MV beams at the distance of 0.5 cm, 1.0 cm, 2.0 cm to the hip prosthesis, and also on the exit side of both 6 MV and 10 MV beams at the distance of 3.0 cm, 5.0 cm, 7.0 cm to the hip prostheses.Dose behind the hip prosthesis at depths of 5.0 cm and 10.0 cm for 6 MV and 10 MV beams are also measured.ResultsThe dose deviation on the beams′ entrance side is between 0 to 5.0%, the backscatter effect was more obviously with the higher energy beam.The dose deviation on the beams′ exit side was between 21.6%-30.8%.With the same field size and depth, dose deviation becomes smaller when the beam energy was higher;while with the same energy and depth, dose deviation becomes smaller when the field size was bigger.Dose profiles behind the head of the hip prosthesis indicate obvious attenuation of the beam.Conclusions Beam arrangements that avoid the prosthesis should be considered first or we should at least reduce the weight of the beam that pass through the prosthesis.
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Objective To investigate the water equivalent of two solid water phantoms.Methods The X-ray and electron beam depth-ion curves were measured in water and two solid water phantoms,RW3 and Virtual Water.The water-equivalency correction factors for the two solid water phantoms were compared.We measured and calculated the range sealing factors and the fluence correction factors for the two solid water phantoms in the case of electron beams. Results The average differenee between the measurled ionization in solid water phantoms and water was 0.42%and 0.16%on 6 MV X-ray(t=-6.15.P=0.001and t=-1.65,P=0.419)and 0.21%and 0.31%on 10 MV X-ray(t=1.728,P=0.135 and t=-2.296,P=0.061),with 17.4%and 14.5%on 6 MeV electron beams(t=-1.37.P=0.208 and t=-1.47,P=0.179)and 7.0%and 6.0%on 15 MeV electron beams(t=-0.58.P=0.581 and t=-0.90,P=0.395).The water-equivalency correction factors for the two solid water Dhantoms varied slightly largely,F=58.54,P=0.000 on 6 MV X-ray,F=0.211.P=0.662 on 10 MV X.ray,F=0.97.P=0.353 on 6 MeV electron beams,F=0.14,P=0.717 on 15 MeV electron beams.However,they were almost equal to 1 near the referenee depths.The two solid water phantoms showed a similar tread of Cpl increasing(F=26.40,P=0.014)and hpl decreasing(F=7.45,P=0.072)with increasing energy.Conclusion The solid water phantom should undergo a quality control test before being clinical use.