Artificial intelligence in wearable electrocardiogram monitoring / 生物医学工程学杂志

Electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring owns important clinical value in diagnosis, prevention and rehabilitation of cardiovascular disease (CVD). With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT), big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI) and other advanced technologies, wearable ECG is playing an increasingly important role. With the aging process of the population, it is more and more urgent to upgrade the diagnostic mode of CVD. Using AI technology to assist the clinical analysis of long-term ECGs, and thus to improve the ability of early detection and prediction of CVD has become an important direction. Intelligent wearable ECG monitoring needs the collaboration between edge and cloud computing. Meanwhile, the clarity of medical scene is conducive for the precise implementation of wearable ECG monitoring. This paper first summarized the progress of AI-related ECG studies and the current technical orientation. Then three cases were depicted to illustrate how the AI in wearable ECG cooperate with the clinic. Finally, we demonstrated the two core issues-the reliability and worth of AI-related ECG technology and prospected the future opportunities and challenges.

Teaching reform and practice of bioengineering comprehensive experiment based on virtual simulation technology / 生物工程学报

Bioengineering majors require students to acquire excellent abilities of thinking and analyzing complex problems and have high requirements for students' comprehensive practical skills. Because of the professional characteristics, it is necessary to develop students' abilities to solve complex problems via the teaching of a series of experiments. Therefore, it is particularly important to reform the traditional experiment teaching for students majoring in bioengineering to improve the teaching quality, which have great significance for the cultivation of comprehensive talents. In this study, with the advantages of geographical location and resources to cultivate application-oriented innovative talents, the course group of Comprehensive Experiment of Bioengineering has designed the course based on virtual simulation technology in Binzhou University. Taking the experiment of extraction and bioactivity analysis of Suaeda salsa (growing in the Yellow River Delta) polysaccharide in fermentation as a case, we studied the course design idea, experimental process, teaching method and result analysis, and have improved the teaching performance. This case analysis provides new ideas and content reference for the teaching reform of similar courses.

Translational policy research on medical and pharmaceutical science outcomes based on three-dimensional analysis framework / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective:To provide references for encouraging translation of medical and pharmaceutical research outcomes from a policy perspective.Methods:In view of characteristics of such translation and using policy tools, the authors introduced the innovation value chain and innovation entity chain to create a three-dimensional analysis framework. The three dimensions refer to policy tools(supply side, environment side and demand side), innovation value chain(research and development, clinical research and pilot application, and commercial industrialization), and innovation entity chain(colleges, medial institutions, enterprises, government, and third parties). A three-dimensional framework was introduced for textual quantitative analysis, centering on 70 policy documents on such translation released from 2015 to 2019.Results:Excessiveness was found in the environment side and supply side policy tools usage, while the demand side was deficient relatively; clinical research and pilot applications constitute the policy support weakness in innovation value chain; policy frequency on medical institutions and third parties was weak in the innovation entity chain dimension.Conclusions:Based on the three-dimensional framework analysis results and sector specifics, the paper proposed such policy recommendations as highlighting features of medical and pharmaceutical sector, activating incentives of hospitals and colleges, and expanding resources for clinical research.

Research of Huangong decoction combined with routine treatment of western medicine for the postpartum hemorrhage and fundus reduced height of the postpartum hemorrhage / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To research of Huangong decoction combined with routine treatment of western medicine for the postpartum hemorrhage and fundus reduced height of the postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). Methods A total of 242 patients with postpartum hemorrhage were enrolled and divided into two group by random number table: the treatment group (121 patients) and the control group (121 patients). Patients in the control group were treated with the western medicine routine treatment, while the treatment group were treated with Huangong decoction plus routine treatment. Both groups were treated for 3 days with a follow-up of 42 d. The postpartum haemorrhage amount, fundus height reduction were compared. The clinical effect rate was evaluated with postpartum haemorrhage amount, palace at the uterine bottom of the height reduction. Results The total clinical effectiveness rate of the treatment group was 97.5% (118/121), and the control group was 90.1%(109/121). The difference of two groups was statistically significant (χ2=4.478, P=0.034). After production, the uterine bottom height reduction at the first day (9.3 ± 1.4 mm vs. 8.0 ± 1.3 mm, t=7.501), the second day (10.2 ± 1.2 mm vs. 9.1 ± 1.1 mm, t=7.447) and the third day (12.2 ± 1.5 mm vs. 10.1±1.4 mm, t=11.283) in the treatment group were significantly greater than the control group (P<0.01). The postpartum hemorrhage at the first day (732.1 ± 84.3 ml vs. 766.4 ± 90.0 ml, t=-3.066), the second day (480.1 ± 62.0 ml vs. 590.0 ± 74.3 ml, t=-12.513) and the third day (240.4 ± 36.3 ml vs. 340.3 ± 52.0 ml, t=-17.351) in the treatment group were significantly less than the control group (P<0.01). After postpartumt, the uterine volume (632.1 ± 101.2 mm3 vs. 701.4 ± 135.7 mm3, t=-5.095) at third day and (142.3 ± 16.5 mm3 vs. 160.6 ± 19.7 mm3, t=-7847) at the follow-up, in the treatment group were significantly less than the control group (P<0.01). Conclusions The Huangong decoction combined with routine treatment of western medicine can improve the clinical symptoms in patients with PPH, and contribute to the recovery of disease.

Low-power Wireless Micro Ambulatory Electrocardiogram Node / 生物医学工程学杂志

Ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring can effectively reduce the risk and death rate of patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The Body Sensor Network (BSN) based ECG monitoring is a new and efficien method to protect the CVDs patients. To meet the challenges of miniaturization, low power and high signal quality of the node, we proposed a novel 50 mmX 50 mmX 10 mm, 30 g wireless ECG node, which includes the single-chip an alog front-end AD8232, ultra-low power microprocessor MSP430F1611 and Bluetooth module HM-11. The ECG signal quality is guaranteed by the on-line digital filtering. The difference threshold algorithm results in accuracy of R-wave detection and heart rate. Experiments were carried out to test the node and the results showed that the pro posed node reached the design target, and it has great potential in application of wireless ECG monitoring.

Drug Pricing and Reimbursement Modeling Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To make a more scientific and transparent decision in new drug pricing and reimbursement. METHODS: A hierarchy structure model was established based on analytic hierarchy process with an imagined antidepressant drug as an example; the priority weights were calculated, and the multiple factors influencing pricing and reimbursement decision were evaluated synthetically to derive the synthetic evaluation results. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS: The model can quantify part of the qualitative factors and provide reliable bases for drug pricing and reimbursement; although there are many factors and methodology issues need to be discussed when analytic hierarchy process is applied in reality, the method is realistic and feasible in drug pricing and reimbursement.

China vs. India in Competitiveness of Pharmaceutical Industry / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE: To provide references for Chinese pharmaceutical industry in improving international competitiveness. METHODS: The main decisive factors of the international competitiveness in pharmaceutical industry were obtained and SWOT analysis of international competitiveness in pharmaceutical industries of China and India were analyzed. RESULTS: Indian pharmaceutical industry was well ahead of its Chinese counterpart in new drug registration, quality certification, and human resource etc. CONCLUSION: Chinese pharmaceutical industry may draw the successive experience from its Indian counterpart to determine its own suitable development strategy.

Combined Detection of Rifampin-and Isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA Chip and Its Clinical Application / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To develop a new DNA chip for rapid detection of rpoB,katG and inhA gene mutation in rifampin and/or isoniazid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from clinical laboratorial specimen.METHODS We designed 16 oligonucleotide probes specific for detection of the mutant sequences in genes rpoB,katG and inhA.RESULTS Mutations were found in 26 strains(100%) of 26 randomly selected rifampin-resistant M.tuberculosis and 24 strains(80%) of 30 randomly selected isoniazid-resistant M.tuberculosis by DNA chip.CONCLUSIONS DNA chip technology has high sensitivity and specificity in detection of rifampin-resistant M.tuberculosis and may be applied in clinical diagnosis.

Ropivacaine used for brachial plexus block on children / 中国基层医药

Objective To study comparatively the clinical anaesthetic potency and adverse effects to children of 0.375% ropivacaine used for brachial plexus block in upper-limb paediatric surgery.Methods After undergoing basal anesthesia with ketamine,36 children scheduled for hand and forearm surgery were randomly allocated to receive brachial plexus block with 0.375% ropivacaine(group A) and to receive intravenous anesthesia with ketamine(group B).The effect of sensor block and motor block,the changes of vital sings,the occurrence of side effect(nausea and vomiting) and palinesthesia of children were observed.Results The patients in group A kept a steady vital signs,their blood pressure,cardiac and respiration rate were similar to the backgroud level before anesthesia,whereas in group B the blood pressure,cardiac and respiration rate of patients were increased and kept a rather higer level,fluctuated with the depth of anesthesia.Conclusion Ropivacaine used for brachial plexus block in upper-limb paediatric surgery is a simple,feasible,and safe method with anesthetized perfectly and less complication.