RESUMEN
Mechanical stimulation in micro-environment ( such as matrix stiffness, surface topography, cyclical stretch) can be perceived by macrophages through receptors on cell membrane, transmitted to the nucleus along the adhesion protein molecular chain and cytoskeleton, and also converted into biochemical signal to stimulate gene transcription. Mechanical stimulation drives various biological functions in macrophages, such as adhesion, proliferation, migration, and polarization, thereby playing a corresponding role in disease progression and tissue regeneration. This study demonstrates the role of micro-environment mechanics in macrophages polarization and function, and elucidates the related mechanism of mechanotransduction pathway in macrophages, so as to provide molecular biomechanics insights into the development of macrophage-targeting immunomodulatorybiomaterials.
RESUMEN
Objective: To better understand surrogate technology,so as to enable surrogacy to be used more or-derly,rationally and legitimately in Chinese society as one of human assisted reproductive technologies.Methods:Through literature retrieval and other methods,this paper analyzed the possible risks of surrogate behavior at various stages.Results: China explicitly prohibited surrogacy,but surrogacy existed objectively.The risk of surrogacy ex-isted in the entire process of surrogacy,and the risks varied in different stages.There lacked perfect legal protec-tion for the rights and interests of all parties.Conclusion: It is not effective to ban surrogacy negatively in order to avoid ethical and legal disputes,and surrogacy is often illegal for many times.It should only formulate the authori-tative laws actively to respond to surrogacy issues,standardize the ethical principles of surrogacy,access condi-tions,and illegal punishment,and fundamentally deal with possible risks so as to effectively protect the rights and interests of all parties of surrogacy.Therefore,the introduction of the legislative regulation on surrogacy should not be delayed.