Single instillation of epirubicin for the prophylaxis of recurrent primary superficial bladder carcinoma / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the feasibility of single dose intravesical epirubicin in the prevention of recurrent superficial bladder carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We compared the effect of intravesical epirubicin or mitomycin C on tumor recurrence and disease free interval and their side effects after treatment of superficial bladder tumor. 47 postoperative patients with stages Ta to T1 primary superficial bladder carcinoma of grades 1 or 2 were randomized into groups A: single 80 mg epirubicin; B: 40 mg consecutive epirubicin; C: 40 mg consecutive mitomycin C. Patients were followed up for clinical, analytical, and cystoscopic evaluations every 3 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The disease free intervals of the three groups were found no significant differences (F = 3.25, P > 0.05). The recurrence rate was 6.25% (1/16), 13.3% (2/15), 12.5% (2/16) (chi(2) = 0.496, P > 0.05) in groups A, B, and C at 1 year, and 33.3% (5/15), 26.7% (4/15), 25% (4/16) (chi(2) = 0.290, P > 0.05) at 3 years after operation, respectively. Side effects of group A (13.3%) were lower than those of group B (46.7%) or C (43.8%) (chi(2) = 14.56, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Single dose of epirubicin given intravesically immediately after tumor resection is effective in preventing tumor recurrence.</p>

Intravesical instillation of mitoxantrone for the prevention of postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate intravesical instillation of mitoxantrone(MTZ) for the prevention of postoperative recurrence of bladder cancer. Methods Intravesical instillation of 12 mg MTZ dissolved in 50 ml normal saline and retained in bladder for 2 hours were given to bladder cancer patients postoperatively once a week for 8 weeks and subsequently once a month for 12 months.Kidney and liver function,blood counting,urinalysis and cystoscopy were taken periodically.The systemic and local reactions were recorded every time after the intravesical instillation. Results All of the 98 cases were followed up for 6 to 24 months with a mean of 13 months.The recurrence rate was 6.2%.There was no generalized side effect. Conclusions Intravesical instillation of MTZ was efficacious for the prevention of postoperative recurrence of superficial bladder cancer with safety and less side effect.So it can be widely used in such patients.

The clinical diagnosis of prostatic cancer (report of 161 cases) / 中国癌症杂志

Purpose:To improve the clinical diagnosis of prostatic cancer. Methods:161 prostatic neoplasms were evaluated retrospectively according to the clincial manifestations, transrectal palpation, CT scanning, MRI of prostate, blood PSA findings and skeletal scintigraphy.Results:As to the clincial manifestations dysuria occurred in 154(95.6%), retention of urine in 30 (18.6%), hematuria in 56(34.8%), paralyses in 2 (1.3), bone pain or weight loss were noted in 8 (4.9%). On transrectal palpation glandular induration was found in 127(78.9%), irregularity of the prostatic surfase in 47(37.1%) and elevated nodules in 129(73.9%). Ultrasonography showed a prostatic enlargement in 27 (21.1%) high echo in 14 (10.9%), low echo in 58(45.3%). vesical infiltration in 14 (10.9%) and seminal invasion in 11(8.6%); 46 patients underwent prostate biopsy guided by transrectal ultrasound,positive results were found in 42(91.3%). 93 serum PSA findings revealed less than 4 ?g/L in 10 (10.8%), 4～10 ?g/L in 9(9.7%), 10～100 ?g/L in 41(44.1%),more than 100 ?l in 33(35.5%). 108 skeletal scintigraphy revealed normal bone scanning in 22 (20.4%), multiple metastases in 81(75.0%), single suspected lesion in 5 (4.6%). Conclusions:The clinical manifestations together with the imaging, PSA finding, bone scanning etc, all played an important role in the clinical diagnosis of prostatic cancer.