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AIM: To establish an LC-MS/MS method for determination of evodiamine concentration in rat plasma and to study its pharmacokinetic profile in rats. METHODS: Six rats were administrated (i.g.) evodiamine at the dose of 100 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected from eye socket. Evodiamine concentration in rat plasma was determined by LC-MS/MS method. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS program. RESULTS: A good linear relationship was obtained in the concentration range (0.2-50.0 ng/mL) studied (r2=0.9997). Average recoveries ranged from 96.12% to 99.46%. Intra-and inter-day relative standard deviations were 4.61%-13.51% and 5.65%-11.49%, respectively. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of evodiamine were as follows: Cmax (5.3±1.5) ng/mL; tmax (22±8) min; t1/2 (451±176) min. CONCLUSION: A selective and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for the quantification of evodiamine in rat plasma is developed and validated. This method is successfully applied for the pharmacokinetic studies of evodiamine in rats.
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AIM: To determine the concentration of escitalopram in human plasma by HPLC-MS/MS and investigate the pharmacokinetics of escitalopram. METH-ODS: The method involved protein precipitation with methanol. The chromatographic separation was achieved within 6.0 min by using methanol-water with 15 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate-formic acid (72:28:O.1, v/v/v) as mobile phase and a Lichrospher CN 150 mm×4.6 mm analytical column. The analytes were detected using an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry in SRM mode. Detection of the ions was performed by monitoring the transitions of m/z 325.0 to 234.0 for escitalopram and m/z 409.1 to 238.1 for amlodipine (intemal standard), respectively. RESULTS:The standard curve was linear ( r = 0. 999) over the concentration range of 0.20 - 50.00 ng· ml- 1. Accuracy and precision were below the acceptance limits of 15%. The recoveries of escitalopram ranged from 96.0% to 103.6%. The lower limit of quantification for escitalopram was 0.20 ng· ml-1 using 200 μl plasma sample.The pharmacokinetic parameters of escitalopram after a single oral dosing of escitalopram oxalate tablet (10 rog)to ten healthy male volunteers were achieved. The Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-∞, t1/2 and Ke of escitalopram were 9.21±2.10 ng·ml-1 , 3.75±1.04 h, 514.6±152.3 ng·h·ml-1 ,540.5±162.3 ng·h·ml-1 , 34.06±7.71 h and 0.021±0.004 h-1,respectively. CONCLUSION:The determination of concentration of escitalopram in human plasma by HPLC-MS/MS method was repid, sensitive and reliable. It can be used for clinical pharmacokinetic study of escitalopram.
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Objective To investigate the effect of Botulinum toxin type A(BTXA)and rehabilitation intervention on upper limb Brunnstrom stages and ADL performance of stroke patients. Methods In a randomized controlled trial, 30 patients were allocated to either an experimental group (n=15) that received BTXA injection into muscles of the affected arm or to a controlled group (n=15). All patients' Brunnstrom stage and MAS stage were ≥gradeⅡ. All the patients were treated with rehabilitative techniques. The intervention was applied for 3 months. All were evaluated for the severity of spasticity (Modified Ashworth Scale,MAS),the level of impairment (Brunnstrom assessment and Fugl-Meyer upper limb test) and disability(Functional Independence Measure,FIM) before and after 1 week, 1,2,3 months of treatment. Results Patients who received BTXA had significant reduction of muscle tone (P
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Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of intra-arterial thrombolysis (IATT) in acute cerebral infarction(ACI). Methods 15 patients with ACI were treated with IATT using Urokinase(UK). All patients were assessed by DSA before and after IATT. The stroke scale(ESS and NIHSS) and Barthel Index(BI) were used before and 2 h,48 h,15 d ,30 d after treatment for appraising thearpeutic effect . Results After IATT, the sides of obliterated middle cerebral artery in 12 patients were completely re-circulated. Compared with before IATT, the scores of ESS, NIHSS and BI were significantly improvement at 2 h,48 h,15 d and 30 d after IATT(P