RESUMEN
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a rapidly developing malignant tumor, which is highly heterogeneous and prone to drug resistance, and the prognosis is usually poor. Poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors target the DNA damage response pathway, preventing DNA repair, thereby exerting anti-tumor effects. Currently, PARP inhibitors are used as monotherapy or in combination with DNA-damaging agents or immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of SCLC. Although the current research results are limited, it can be seen that PARP inhibitors may be a breakthrough in the targeted therapy of SCLC.
RESUMEN
Objective To explore the pathogen characteristics and related factors of nosocomial infection in adult ICU pa-tients after cardiac surgery, and provide a basis for the rational and standardized use of antibiotics and the control of nosocomial infection.Methods Patients in ICU after adult cardiac surgery from January 2015 to December 2017 were studied.Through the nosocomial infection monitoring and reporting system(HIS and LIS system), data of infected sites, specimens, pathogen and drug-sensitivity results were recorded, and the clinical data were collected and the related factors of nosocomial infection af-ter cardiac surgery were analyzed.Results 213 patients with nosocomial infections were diagnosed , and the nosocomial infec-tion rate was 3.59％.There were 261 cases of nosocomial infection, with a total infection cases rate of 4.39％.232 strains of pathogen were detected.Gram-negative bacteria173 strains(74.57％), klebsiella pneumoniae and acinetobacterbaumannii ac-count for 65(28.07％) and 37(15.95％)strains respectively.35 strains of gram-positive bacteria account for 15.08％, 12 strains of staphylococcus aureus account for 5.17％.24 strains of fungi account for 10.34％, 12 strains of candida albicans(5. 17％) were the most.The resistance rates of klebsiella pneumoniae to amoxicillin/kclavitrate, piperasil/tazobatan, tigacy-cline, tobramycin, and impenan were all<10％.Acinetobacter baumannii show high resistance rate to commonly used antibi-otics other than tigacycline(2.70％).The resistance rates of staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermis to vancomy-cin and linazolamide were 0.Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative and postoperative stroke, secondary endotra-cheal intubation, postoperative low cardiac output, postoperative stroke, mechanical ventilation time >48 h, and postoperative ICU stay>72 h were related factors of postoperative nosocomial infection .Conclusion The main pathogen of nosocomial in-fection in ICU after adult cardiac surgery is gram-negative bacteria.Klebsiella pneumoniae, the most common bacteria, has a low resistance rate to antibiotics, while the secondary acinetobacter baumannii has a high resistance rate .According to the fac-tors related to nosocomial infection after cardiac surgery , prevention measures should be formulated .According to the results of pathogen and drug sensitivity, antimicrobial drugs should be selected reasonably so as to postoperative nosocomial infection and the occurrence of drug-resistant strains could be controlled effectively .
RESUMEN
Objective To detect the changes and the clinical significance in plasma protein-complement factor H-related protein 2 (CFHR2) in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with congenital heart disease (CHD) children.Methods Various types of 66 CHD patients with or without PAH and 16 healthy children(healthy control group) were studied,including 11 ventricular septal defects (VSD) with PAH (VSD-PAH),11 isolated VSD,11 atrial septal defects with PAH (ASD-PAH),11 isolated ASD,11 mixed type of heart defects [two or more defects of VSD,ASD and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)] with PAH (Mix-PAH) and 11 cases without PAH (Mix).CFHR2 was validated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in the sample plasma.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the CFHR2 concentration in VSD-PAH patients [(189.10 ±24.01) μg/L vs.(42.99 ±4.53) μg/L,t =4.975,P ＜0.01] and VSD patients [(189.10 ±24.01) μg/L vs.(165.00 ±23.17) μg/L,t =2.661,P ＜ 0.05] were lower.The CFHR2 protein was also confirmed to be decreasing significantly in VSD-PAH patients compared with VSD patients (t =4.698,P ＜ 0.01).The plasma CFHR2 level in ASD-PAH patients [(189.10 ± 24.01)μg/L vs.(70.92 ± 8.27) μg/L,t =3.951,P ＜0.01] and ASD patients [(189.10 ±24.01) μg/L vs.(72.48 ± 8.99) μg/L,t =3.880,P ＜ 0.01] were significantly lower than those in the healthy control group,although there was no significant difference between ASD-PAH and ASD patients (t =0.128,P ＞ 0.05).The plasma CFHR2 level in Mix-PAH patients [(189.10 ± 24.01) μg/L vs.(83.23 ± 15.96) μL,t =3.314,P ＜ 0.05] was significantly lower than that in the healthy control group,while Mix patients [(189.10 ±24.01) μg/L vs.(170.40 ±33.15) μg/L,t =0.468,P ＞ 0.05] had no difference compared with the healthy control group,but had statistical significance with M ix PAH group (t =2.370,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The decrease of CFHR2 protein may demonstrate the deficiency of the immune system and coagulation mechanism in these patients and can be consi-dered as biomarker of CHD-PAH disease.
RESUMEN
Objective Annexin A3 (ANXA3) is a member of the annexin family,As the existing studies suggest,ANXA3 is closely related to tumor genesis,development,invasion,metastasis and prognosis.ANXA3 is down-regulated in prostate and kidney cancer,but it is up-regulated in breast cancer,liver cancer and other tumors.ANXA3 is related to tumor size,staging,lymphatic metastasis and prognosis.Silencing ANXA3 expression can not only inhibit the proliferation and invasion of colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma cells,but also restrain the migration of breast cancer cells.ANXA3 may also be involved in the regulation and maintenance of hepatocellular stem cells through HIF1a / Notch and JNK signaling pathways.The current studies have shown that ANXA3 can serve as a potential biological marker of tumor diagnosis,prediction of chemotherapy sensitivity,and provide a new target for oncotherapy.
RESUMEN
Objective To compare the clinical and follow-up results of different ways of operation for the treatment of patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma ,and to explore its e key technology and related prognosis .Methods 31 out of 50 patients with biliary and partial liver resection(control group) ,19 patients with hemihepatectomy (observation group) .Radical resection rate and surviv-al rate were compared in the two groups .Results radical resection rate control group and observation group was 35 .48% (11/31) and 68 .42% (13/19) ,the difference was statistically significant (P=0 .014);the difference of 1 ,3 ,5 year survival rates between the two groups were statistically significant (P= 0 .03) ,observation group :85 .4% ,58 .6% ,32 .2% ,control group:86 .1% ,65 .2% , 20 .0% .Conclusion Radical resection is still the most important measures the patients for cure and long-term survival ,radical re-section rate ,survival rate ,and prognosis could be improved greatly by improving operation skills and experience accumulation ,com-bined with hepatectomy .
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the associated effect of 125I implantation plus chemotherapy in local recurrent stage Ⅲ NSCLC patients.Methods From January 2006 to January 2009,34 patients documented with local recurrent stage Ⅲ NSCLC were divided into two groups by random number table.The treatment group was treated with 125I permanent implantation combined with DP regimen (docetaxel 60 mg/m2 + cisplatinum 75 mg/m2),while the control group received only DP chemotherapy.According to the TPS,the treatment group received CT-guided percutaneous implantation of 125 I seeds with a particle activity of 2.22 ×107-2.59 × 107 Bq.The prescribed dose was in the range of 90-110 Gy and the postoperatively matched peripheral dose (mPD) and D9o were verified by TPS.The control group received a DP chemotherapy regime for 4 cycles after the procedure.This study was approved by the ethics committee,and all patients signed informed consents.The follow up time was up to disease progression.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to describe the local lesion control (LLC) time and progression free survival (PFS).Log-rank test was used in the comparison of the survival rates between the two groups.Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the differences of CR rate and recent efficiency between two groups.Results In the treatment group,postoperative mPD was 93.9-130.4 (M 116.7) Gy,and D90 was 103.6-148.2 (M 130.6) Gy.The LLC time was 4.7 to 24.0 months with a median of 11.6 (95％ CI:8.7-14.6) months.In two cases,there was no recurrence during the follow-up time of 24 months.PFS was 4.7 to 24.0 months with a median of 10.5 (95％ CI:7.4-13.6) months.The recent effective rate of the treatment group was 64.7％ (11/17).CR,PR,SD and PD were 41.2％ (7/17),23.5％ (4/17),23.5％ (4/17) and 11.8％ (2/17),respectively.In the control group,the LLC time was 4.5 to 11.4 months with a median of 7.5 (95 ％ CI:6.7-8.3) months,and the median of PFS was 6.5 (4.5-10.5) (95％ CI:5.7-8.3) months.The response rate,CR,PR,SD and PD were 41.2％ (7/17),5.9％ (1/17),35.3％ (6/17),35.3 ％ (6/17) and 23.5％ (4/17),respectively.There was no statistical significance of the recent effective rate between the treatment group and control group (P =0.30),but the LLC time (x2 =8.40,P ＜ 0.01),the median of PFS time (x2 =6.27,P ＜ 0.05) and CR (P =0.04) of the treatment group were all significantly higher than those of the control group.Concltusion The implantation of 125I seeds combined with chemotherapy for recurring stage Ⅲ NSCLC patients is safe and effective,and its efficacy is superior to the second line chemotherapy alone.
RESUMEN
Chemotherapy plays an important role in advanced colorectal cancer. Patients may show various clinical response to selection different drugs. The importance of individual therapy based on pharmacogenomics has been emphasized in cancer therapy. To explore the individual therapy of colorectal cancer, the progress of molecular markers which influence the efficacy of anti-tumor drugs containing fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, CPT-11, monoclonal antibody drugs is reviewed in this article.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE To investigate the genotype characteristics of extended-spectrum ?-lactamases(ESBLs) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and drug resistance condition in Tianjin.METHODS A total of 218 strains of ESBLs-producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae were isolated from clinic.The drug-resistant CTX-M-1,CTX-M-2,CTX-M-8,CTX-M-9,TEM,SHV,OXA-1,OXA-2 and OXA-10 were tested by SYBR GREEN Ⅰ real-time fluorescent quantitative Polymerase chain reaction(PCR).RESULTS Among 109 strains of ESBLs-producing E.coli,the drug resistance of genotypes CTX-M-1,CTX-M-2,CTX-M-8,CTX-M-9,TEM,SHV and OXA-1 was 32.1%,0.9%,0.9%,33.9%,73.4%,27.5% and 15.6%,respectively.The strains with more than two genes were 66.1%.The positive rate of CTX-M-1,CTX-M-2,CTX-M-8,CTX-M-9,TEM,SHV,OXA-1 and OXA-10 was 49.5%,2.8%,1.8%,22.9%,78.9%,76.1%,33.0% and 0.9%,respectively.The strains with more than two genes were 82.2%.The strains were highly sensitive to imipenem.CONCLUSIONS Most of the genotypes of ESBLs-producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae in Tianjin are SHV,TEM,CTX-M-1 and CTX-M-9.The rate of OXA are increasing,and the drug resistance genes of K.pneumoniae from different hospitals are different.
RESUMEN
Objective To study the distribution of the specific fragment R049 of uropathogenic E. coli(UPEC) 132 in UPEC and fecal E. coli strains. Methods The specific fragment R049 was amplified by PCR from 20 UPEC strains and 40 fecal E. coli strains, and 5 genes encoding virulence factors (papC, fimH, hly, aer, cnf1) were detected from fragment R049 positive strains. Pulse field gel electronphoresis (PFGE) was applied for isolating the Xba Ⅰ restriction fragments of the genomes of fragment R049 positive strains, and then Southern blot was applied for analyzing the distribution features of the positive hybridization bands by digoxin-labeled R049 ORF probe. Results The specific fragment R049 was amplified from 8 of 20 UPEC strains (40%) and 3 of 40 fecal E. coli strains (7.5%), and statistics analysis showed significant difference (P<0.01). The specific fragment 11049 was closely related with 5 virulence factors of UPEC in the fragment R049 positive strains. Southern blot showed the sizes of positive bands were 150 kb, 15 kb and 240 kb in 3 fecal E. coli strains, 350 kb in 6 of 8 UPEC strains, and 280 kb and 25 kb in the rest two UPEC strains. Conclusion The specific fragment R049 of UPEC132 possessed the feature of clustering distribu-tion in domestic isolated UPEC strains.
RESUMEN
Chemotherapy plays an important role in advanced colorectal cancer. Patients may show various clinical response to selection different drugs. The importance of individual therapy based on pharmacogenomics has been emphasized in cancer therapy. To explore the individual therapy of colorectal cancer,the progress of molecular markers which influence the efficacy of anti-tumor drugs containing fluorouracil,oxaliplatin,CPT-11,monoclonal antibody drugs is reviewed in this article.
RESUMEN
Objective Identification of colorectal cancer specific antigens from cDNA phage expression library by recombinant expression cloning (SEREX). Methods The cDNA phage expression library derived from colorectal cancer tissue was constructed using the SMART (Switching Mechanism at 5'end of RNA Transcript) techniques. The cDNA phage expression library was screened with SEREX (serological identification of antigen by recombinant cDNA expression libraries), the positive clones encoding antigenic genes were obtained after immunoscreening, and the nucleotide sequences of cDNA inserts were determined and analyzed with BLST software in GenBank, and the antigenic gene function was analyzed by bioinformatics. Results The cDNA phage expression library derived from colorectal cancer tissues was successfully constructed. The primary library consisted of 2.39?10 6 recombinants, and the recombinant rate was more than 97.5%. The titer of the amplified cDNA phage expression library was 4.1?10 10pfu/ml, and the size of inserted cDNA varied from 0.5 to 4.0kb. Sixteen positive clones encoding antigenic genes were obtained after immunoscreening, and results showed that 16 reactive clones were derived from 12 different genes. Ten of 12 genes were highly homologous to the genes known in GenBank, such as IFITM1, CD24, Survivin, KLK6, et al. Two expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were not found in GenBank. The antigenic genes included structural gene, regulation gene and metabolizing gene. Conclusion The tumor-associated antigen genes and the two ESTs were obtained by SEREX were worthy of further study on their structures and functions.