Research progress on application of shear wave elastography in kidney transplantation / 器官移植

Early detection of renal allograft dysfunction plays a critical role in the management of immunosuppression and the survival of renal allograft. However, early detection of renal allograft dysfunction still has certain challenges because no significant changes could be observed in clinical manifestations and biochemical parameters during the early stage. As a novel ultrasound examination tool in recent years, shear wave elastography has been successfully applied in the detection of thyroid, breast, liver and alternative organs. In addition, it also has promising application prospect in the examination of renal allograft due to multiple advantages of real-time, dynamic, accuracy and repeatability. In this article, the classification, principle, advantages, influencing factors of shear wave elastography and its application in the field of kidney transplantation were reviewed, aiming to provide reference for clinicians to make accurate decisions in the prevention and monitoring of renal allograft diseases.

Detection of serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in patients with chronic urticaria and its clinical significance / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To measure serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25HVD) in patients with chronic urticaria (CU),and to explore its role in the occurrence of CU.Methods Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 50 patients with CU and 40 healthy controls.The urticaria activity score (UAS) was used to assess the severity of CU and to group the patients with CU.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to measure the serum levels of 25HVD,interferon-γ (IFN-γ),interleukin-4 (IL-4) and immunoglobulin E (IgE).Statistical analysis was carried out by t test,rank sum test and linear correlation analysis.Results The serum level of 25HVD was significantly lower in the patients with CU than in the healthy controls (15.20 ± 7.72 vs.21.54 ± 8.31 μg/L,t =3.75,P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,there was a significant difference in the distribution of serum 25HVD levels between the patients and healthy controls (H =17.9,P ＜ 0.05).However,no significant difference was observed in the serum level of 25HVD between severe and mild CU groups (15.57 ± 7.38 vs.14.86 ± 6.28 μg/L,t =0.37,P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the patient group showed significantly decreased serum levels of IFN-γ (t =15.34,P ＜ 0.05),but increased serum levels of IL-4 and IgE (t =6.54,4.88,respectively,both P ＜ 0.05).Among the patients with CU,the serum level of 25HVD was positively correlated with that of IFN-γ(r =0.738,P ＜ 0.05),but negatively correlated with that of IL-4 (r =-0.689,P ＜ 0.05),and uncorrelated with that of IgE (r =-0.271,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The serum level of 25HVD evidently decreased in patients with CU,and it may participate in the occurrence of CU by mediating the Th 1/Th2 imbalance.

Correlation between Anti Vraf Murine Sarcomaviral Oncogene Homologue B1 Antibodies and Anti Pepti-dylarginine Deiminase 4 Antibodies with Rheumatoid Arthritis / 沈阳医学院学报

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a joint synovial inflammation which is a prominent feature of chronic,erosive autoimmune disease. Early clinical symptoms are occult and atypical. If not for the early treatment,an illness will break out repeatedly,ultimately lead to the destruction of the joints,can be deformed or even lose labor ability,seriously affect the patients quality of life. RA patho?genesis is not clear, the antigen?antibody reaction plays an important role in the process of its development. Autoantibodies with higher specificity and sensitivity detected in the early RA disease for the diagnosis of RA is very necessary,can also be used for RA prognosis and monitoring of RA disease activity.

A study of clinical significance of rheumatoid factor in primary Sj(o)gren's syndrome / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical significance of rheumatoid factor (RF) in primary SjSgren's syndrome (pSS).Methods The clinical and laboratory data of 141 cases of hospitalized pSS patients from Wannan Medical College Affiliated Yijishan Hospital from 2006 to 2012 were analyzed retrospectively,and the clinical significance of RF was also analyzed.The data were analyzed using t-test and ~ test respectively.Results The positive rate of RF in pSS was 49％ (63/128),the rate of low-titer positive RF was 32％ (20/63),and the high-titer positive RF was 68％ (43/63).Patients with high-titer positive RF were more prone to suffer from parotidomegaly,arthritis and hematological system involvement.In terms of the results of laboratory examination,the following were more frequent,including positive anti-SSA antibody,the elevated IgG level,the decrease of platelet,the increase of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and the increase of total globulin level.For the respect of clinical performance and laboratory examination between patients with low-titer positive RF and negative RF,no difference was found statistically.Conclusion pSS patients with high-titer positive RF are prone to have extraglandular organ involvement,and acute-phase reactants and antibody levels are relatively high.

The significance of serum concentrations of transforming growth factor-β1 and bone morphogenetic protein-4 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and interstitial lung disease / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To compare the serum levels of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1,bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and RA with interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD).Methods Twenty-eight RA-ILD patients,32 patients with RA but without ILD and 20 normal controls were enrolled.The RA-ILD group was further divided into early group and late group.All the observed subjects were analyzed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the determination of serum TGF-β1 and BMP-4 levels.The relationship between the serum levels of TGF-β1,BMP-4 and laboratory examinations were investigated.Comparisions between groups were tested by one-way ANOVA analysis and ttest.Correlation of indexs were observed by Spearman method.Results Patients in the RA-ILD group were older than RA group in disease onset age,in addition,patients with ILD had better joint function and higher serum rheumatoid factor titers.The occurrence time of interstitial lung disease was 2-6 years after the onset of arthritis,with an average time of (3.0±1.2) years.The TGF-β1 levels in the RA-ILD group were slightly higher,but not statistically significant than other groups (P＞0.05).The TGF-β1 serum levels in the early RA-ILD patients were significantly increased than those of the late RA-ILD group and the RA group.BMP-4 levels in patients with RA-ILD group were less than RA without ILD group and healthy control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).BMP-4 level in early RA-ILD group was significantly decreased than those of the late RA-ILD group and RA group.No correlation between the serum BMP-4,TGF-β1 level (P＞0.05) no assay result correlated with laboratory parameters including ESR,CRP,RF and anti-CCP antibodies (P＞0.05).Conclusion TGF-β1 serum levels are increased and BMP-4 levels are decreased in early RA-ILD patients.The serum levels of TGF-β1 and BMP-4 may be indicatior for asymptomatic ILD and reflect disease progression.

Retrospective Analysis on Classified Administration of Vaccine / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To propose countermeasures aimed at the new situation and problems arose from the current ad?ministration on vaccine.METHODS:Combining the related codes,problems in the current administration on vaccine were an?alyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:To implement overall classified administration on vaccine in China,the legal track should be followed as soon as possible;the classified vaccine administration system should be improved;departments’functional au?thority of supervision should be strengthened;the combined administration means of supervising,assisting and promoting should be adopted and the corresponding compensation mechanism should be established.