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The purpose of this study is to provide a culture for mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and peritoneal macrophages (PM) and to characterize their molecular and cellular biology. The cell number and purity from the primary culture were assessed by cell counter and flow cytometry, respectively. Morphological features were evaluated by inverted microscope. Phagocytosis by macrophages was detected by the neutral red dye uptake assay. Phenotypic markers were analyzed by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Our results show that the cell number was much higher from culture of BMDM than PM, while there was no significant difference regarding the percentage of F4/80+CD11b+ cells (98.30%±0.53% vs. 94.83%±1.42%; P>0.05). The proliferation rate of BMDM was significantly higher than PM in the presence of L929 cell conditioned medium, by using CCK-8 assay. However, PM appeared to adhere to the flask wall and extend earlier than BMDM. The phagocytosis capability of un-stimulated BMDM was significantly higher than PM, as well as lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BMDM, except the BMDM stimulated by low dose LPS (0.1 μg/mL). Furthermore, Tnfα expression was significantly higher in un-stimulated BMDM than PM, while Arg1 and Ym1 mRNA expression were significantly lower than PM. The expression difference was persistent if stimulated by LPS+IFN-γ or IL-4. Our data indicate that bone marrow can get larger amounts of macrophages than peritoneal cavity. However, it should be aware that the molecular and cellular characteristics were different between these two culture systems.
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Animales , Ratones , Células de la Médula Ósea , Fisiología , Células Cultivadas , Medios de Cultivo Condicionados , Lipopolisacáridos , Metabolismo , Macrófagos , Clasificación , Fisiología , FagocitosisRESUMEN
Objective:To study the morphologic standard values of craniofacial hard-tissue of the youths in Xi'an.Methods:CBCT scanned cephalometric data of 100 selected volunteers (50 males and 50 females)with individual normal occlusion were collected.31 landmarks and 31 measurements were compared between sexes and between 3D and 2D data with software InvivoDental 5.2,WinCeph 8.0.and SPSS 19.0.Results:1.In the 3D measurements,vertical growth of mandible in the females was more than that in the males. The values of torque of lower incisor,basis length,height of rumi mandibulae and length of corpora mandibulae in the males were bigger than those in the females.2.Compared with 2D measurements,there existed statistically significant differences in most parameters except U1-NA(mm).Conclusion:3D analysis with CBCT may provide more accurite morphologic data for craniofacial hard tissues.
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Objective:To investigate the alveolar bone height change before and after retraction of anterior teeth in adult patients. Methods:A total of 15 adult patients with angle class I bimaxillary protrusion had 4 first premolars extracted followed by othodontic treatment for retraction of anterior teeth with straight arch wire techniques.Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)scans were made before and 3 months after retraction.The labial and the lingual alveolar bone height around central and lateral incisors was measured and analyzed before and after treatment.Results:Significant increase of labial alveolar bone height around anterior teeth was found in both maxilla and mandible(P ＜0.05),however,lingual alveolar bone height was decreased(P ＜0.05).Conclusion:For bimaxillary protrusion patients,the lingual alveolar bone height decreased due to obvious incisors retraction in adults which should be considered carefully in orthodontic clinic.
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The relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and the components of metabolic syndrome (MS) was explored.A total of 2 252 subjects aged 20 to 79 years from medical examination were identified.The prevalence of SCH was 4.88％.The rate of 7.30％ in female was markedly higher than 2.17％ in male(P＜0.01).The highest SCH prevalence in adults was in the ≥70 years old group.The prevalence of SCH in female was increased with age(P＜0.01).Compared with the euthyroid group,body mass index,triglyceride,and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol were significantly elevated (P＜0.05),while high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was significantly decreased in SCH group(P＜0.05).The incidences of hypertension,dyslipidosis,and MS in SCH group were significantly higher than those in euthyroid group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) ; Serum TSH in the MS group was higher than that in the Non-MS group[(2.43 ± 1.55 vs 2.21 ± 1.48) mU/L,P＜0.01].The incidence of SCH in MS group was significantly higher than that in the Non-MS group (7.69％ vs 4.25％,P＜0.05).The prevalence of SCH in women was increased with age.Multiple factors of dysbolism were clustered in subjects with SCH.There is a correlation between SCH and MS.
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Objective:To analyse the change of morphology and internal air flow in upper airway by the use of oral appliance(OA)in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).Methods:A 46-year-old male patient with OSAHS accepted CT scan before and three months after use of OA.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model was built on the base of CT scans by Mimics 10.01 and ANSYS ICEMCFD14.0.The internal flow of upper respiratory tract was simulated by ANSYS-FLUENT 14.0 and the re-sults was analyzed by ANSYS-CFD-Post14.0.Results:The most narrow area of upper airway was located in the lower bound of pha-ryngopalatiae,and it augmented from 0.119 4 cm2 to 0.409 9 cm2 after wearing OA;the maximum air velocity was decreased from 11 . 087 m/s to 8.204 m/s,the minimum negative pressure was decreased from -83 Pa to -59 Pa,the resistance of cavum pharyngis de-creased from 250 Pas/L to 145 Pas/L.Conclusion:Application of OA may expanse the upper respiratory tract,decrease the negative pressure and resistance of the upper respiratory tract in narrow area,reduce the collapsibility of the upper airway and maintain the pa-tency of the airflow.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of partial p osterior teeth with reverse cross-bite at one side of mandible on the chewing m ovement. Methods: 16 university students with partial posterior teeth reverse cross-bite and 12 with normal occlusion were included, 5 cycles o f gum chewing movement with left and right side separately were recorded with K6 -Ⅰmandibular kinesiograph (MKG) for the trace and velocity. Results: ①The chewing movement recorded in frontal plane was with a typical cycl e in controls while that in reverse cross-bite individuals was vertically in an d/or out type (59.38%), as well as in and out in same direction type (21.88%). ②Chewing movement in reverse cross-bite patients was in posterior direction, together with a larger angle of closing trace to horizontal plane and higher che wing terminal velocity. Conclusion: Partial posterior teeth with reverse cross-bite at one side have significant effect on both direction and v elocity of chewing movement.
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Objective: To investigate the characters of the ageing changes in TMJ of New Zealand rabbit from 7 to 10 months old. Metho ds: 12 New Zealand rabbits aged 7,8,9 and 10 months old and 3 in eac h age group, were killed under anesthesia. Bilateral TMJs were histologically examined with HE stainnig. Results: Quite similar histolo gical structures were found in the TMJs in different age groups. Very few change s occurred in the fibre layer of osteo-articular surface. The thickness of the proliferate layer was decreased slightly in anterior and middle part saggitally, resulting in comparable increase of the hypertrophy layer with age. No hypertro phy layer was found in the cartilage over tempora articular surface. The thickne ss of the cartilage-like osteo layer was uneven, the thickest part was in the area towards condyle anterior slope and without age change. The thickness of d isc increased a little bit with age. Conclusion: The thick ness of the cartilage over TMJ articular surface of New Zealand rabbit at the a ge from 7 to 10 months old changes a little. The layer structures keep considera bly constant.
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砄bjective:To elucidate the effects of gradually induced occlusal disorder on the expression of TGF ?1 in temporomandibular condyle of monkey. Methods:In a monkey after extraction of right upper first molar and left lower first molar, a fixed orthodontic appliance was used to cause the adjacent teeth inclined to the space and to occlude with opposite in coordinately. Another monkey was used as the control.8 months later, the animals were sacrificed and bilateral temporomandibular condyles were examined with histologic and immunohistochemical methods.Results:In the animal with teeth extraction, degenerative changes were found in anterior medial part of condyles, the thickness of condylar cartilage decreased significantly, especially in the anterior parts of medial and central thirds, and also the intermediate part of medial third ( P
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Objective: To investigate the adhesive characteristics of two kinds of light-curing resin that was used to bond teeth and orthodontics brackets. Methods: A total of 60 premolar teeth were randomly divided into six groups, and brackets were bonded according to the manufacturers' instructions. In group A1, A2 and A3, the teeth were prepared using 100 ml/L polyacrylic acid, and the brackets were bonded using Fuji Ortho LC. In group B1, B2 and B3, the teeth were using self-etching primer, and the brackets were bonded using Transbond Plus Self Etching Primer (TPSEP). After 30 min and 24 h under room temperature and received cold-heat cycle treatment respectively, bond strength was measured using a testing instrument (2000S, Lloyds Instruments, Fareham, England) at a speed of 1 mm/min, and the residual adhesive was quantified using a stereomicroscope. The adhesive interface was observed by scanning electron microscope. Results: The bond shear strength of TPSEP and Ortho Glass LC are more than 5 MPa. The bond shear strength of TPSEP is stronger than that of Ortho Glass LC after 24 h. However,The adhesive remnant index (ARI)of TPSEP is higher than that of Ortho Glass LC. Conclusion: Transbond Plus Self Etching Primer and Ortho Glass LC can satisfy the clinic need of orthodontics.
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Objctive: To study the inhibitory effects of homoharringtonine(HHT) or methoxsalen (8-MOP) or in combinnation on humen highly metastatic mucoepidermoid carcinoma Mc3 cells. Methods: Mc3 cells were exposed to the drugs or their combination at various concentrations. The inhibitory effects were tested with MTT assay. Results: The IC 50 values of HHT and 8-MOP were 79.43 ng/ml and 5 980 ng/ml respectively, HHT at the doses of 1-320 ng/ml combined with 8-MOP at 800, 4 000 and 20 000 ng/ml the CI 50 values were 0.76?0.33 and 0.15 respectively.Conclution: The data indicate that combination of HHT with 8-MOP is synergic in the inhibition of Mc3 cell growth.
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Fish protein powder and fresh fish meal had been successfuly applied to infant feeding as milk substitute for infants during 1962-1964 by Shanghai Children's Hospital.On this basis the authors conducted another experiment intending to testify the therapeutic effect of fish protein powder in 1980-1981. One hundred and fifty infantile diarrhea cases were studied, wherein, 121 children aged under 12 months. By administering fish protein powder to the patients with various dosages according to ages, generally 5 gms. per day in a certain period, it was found that of the total diarrhea patients under study, 53.3% completely recovered, 22.0% became better significantly, 17.3% took a favourable turn, and 7.3% failed to respond to the treatment.Intensive observation and statistical analysis revealed that fish protein powder is not only suitable for normal infants as their milk supplement but also effective as a pharmaceutical to cure infantile diarrhea, especially for those who suffer from malnutrition with complications. Its pharmacology, however, has yet to be disclosed.
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This paper is a follow-up study of 329 children in factory-run nurseries in urban Shanghai. The investigation lasted for a period of one year for each index-child, focusing on the conditions of nutrition, development and diseases of the children of various ages.Comparison between nutritionl findings and RDA of China disclosed that calorie intake of most of the index-child groups were 80-85% of RDA, the only exception being the 6-12 months group where the average calorie intake showed 90%. Protein intake of all groups was over 80% of RDA. Fe intake was lower than RDA, except for 18-month-old and over.Weight and height of the children were compared with the anthropo-metric data established in 1985 (1985 data) for Shanghai children under six years of age. It was found that the average weight and height appeared differently according to their age. Average weight of children under one year old was slightly higher than 1985 data, while average height was lower than 1985 data once the children reached 10 months old. Average weight, however, became lower than the 1985 data after the children were two years old. Over 60% of the index between 6-18 months old suffered from anemia (IDA).Accordingly, it is requested that calorie and iron intake should be supplemented.