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Objective To investigate the effect of Intedeukin-18 (IL-18) on Th1/Th2 balance and its antitumor mechanism in C57BL/6 mice Lewis lung cancer model. Methods 24 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three equal groups: group A(IL-18 injec-tion group, n = 8), group B (Lewis lung cancer model, n = 8) and group C (normal control group, n = 8). The Lewis lung cancer cells were cultured and implanted subcutaneously into the group A and group B. IL-18 and NS were given to group A and B respectively by intrap-eritoneal injection on the 7th day (once every day, 7 times altogether), but group C was not given any treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the Th1/Th2 cytokines. Health status in all the animals was evaluated; the volume and weight ofsubcutaneous tumors were measured. Results The concentration of IFN-γ in group A and C were significantly higher than those in group B (P <0.05), and the concentration of IL-4 in group A and C were significantly lower than those in group B (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between group A and C (P>0.05). The tumor growth inhibitory rate was 75%. Conclusion IL-18 can effectively induced IFN-γ and inhibit IL-4 production, regulate Th1/Th2 balance in the C57BL/6 mice Lewis lung cancer model, and elicit the antitu-mor immunity of the host, which could obviously inhibit the growth of tumor cells and decelerate the proliferation of tumor cells.
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Objective To evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonography in detecting parathyroid lesions in the patients with hyperparathyroidism. Methods The results of ultrasonography were compared with operative and histologic findings, and other imaging techniques such as 99m-Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy and CT in 210 patients with proved hyperparathyroidism.Results The overall sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography in detecting parathyroid lesions were 68.62%, 93.79%. Lesions at lower pole of thyroid were more likely to be detected than ectopic ones. Ultrasonography was helpful in diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma, hyperplasia or carcinoma when combined with clinical manifestations. Conclusions Ultrasonography is a useful means in preoperative localizing of hyperparathyroidism.
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Objective To study the effectiveness of conventional ultrasonography(US) and color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) in differentiation of malignant and benign nodules of thyroid gland. Methods One hundred and fifty three consecutive patients with thyroid nodules who were to undergo surgery were examined before thyroidectomy by US and CDFI. The vascular pattern on CDFI was classified as follows: TypeⅠ,absence or little blood flow; Type Ⅱ, rich perinodular blood flow,absence or little inside; Type Ⅲ, marked intranodular and perinodular blood flow. Results On histology, 87 cases(263 nodules) were diagnosed as benign and 66 cases(109 nodules) as malignant. There was no correlation between solitary or multiple thyroid nodules and incidence of thyroid cancer. Differences of the US characteristic between the benign and malignant nodules of thyroid gland showed statistical significance (p
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the sonographic features and patterns of cystic renal carcinomas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirteen cases of cystic renal carcinoma confirmed by operation and pathology were examined by ultrasonography, and the cystic walls, septa and solid mural nodules were studied.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Solid mural nodules of some cases and irregular thickening of the cystic walls and septa were characteristic findings for the ultrasonic diagnosis of cystic renal carcinomas. According to their pathologic mechanisms and sonographic features, cystic renal carcinomas were classified into 3 patterns: unilocular cystic mass, multiloculated cystic mass and cystic-solid mass.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Typical cystic renal carcinomas can be well diagnosed, while atypical cases may be misdiagnosed as benign renal cysts by ultrasonography. Color Doppler ultrasonography and needle aspiration guided by ultrasonography are helpful in the diagnosis of these atypical cases.</p>