Identification of Fritillaria herbal drugs by X-ray diffraction of starch grains / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To provide a simple method to identify different of herbal drugs of Fritillaria.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The X-ray diffraction spectra of five Fritillaria powders were obtained by X-ray diffractometry (XRD).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>By analyzing the diffraction peaks of starch over the 2theta diffraction angle in the range of 10 degrees-30 degrees, we concluded that the crystal type of starch in F. thunbergii, F. ussurensis, F. pallidifloca and F. hupehensis was B-type. However, the crystal type of starch in F. cirrhosa was CB-type. The degree of crystallinity of starch was 42.1%, 43.6%, 37.7%, 35.9% and 30.8%, corresponding to F. thunbergii, F. ussurensis, F. pallidiflcoca,F. cirrhosa and F. hupehensis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Based on the differences of crystallinity of starch and X-ray diffraction spectra of Fritillaria powders, different species of Fritillaria can be identified.</p>

Synthesis of a novel starch derivative and its adsorption property for creatinine / 药学学报

<p><b>AIM</b>To prepare a novel creatinine adsorbent with anti-renal failure activity.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A novel starch ester was prepared under heterogeneous condition by the reaction of starch (ST) and 3, 5-dinitrobenzoyl chloride (DNBZ-Cl). The products were characterized by means of elemental analysis, FTIR, 13CNMR and UV-Vis spectra. The adsorption properties of DNBZ-ST were examined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The adsorption equilibrium is reached after 4 h, the adsorption capacity increases with the degree of substitution (DS) of adsorbent and creatinine concentration. When creatinine concentration is higher than 300 mg.L-1, concentration showed no apparent effect on adsorption capacity. As the adsorption temperature varied from 19 degrees C to 49 degrees C, adsorption capacity first decreases and then increases, and is lowest at 37 degrees C. The adsorption capacity first increases and then decreases as the pH value increase from 4 to 11 and is highest at pH 8. The highest adsorption capacity reached 25 mg.g-1 at 37 degrees C pH 7 and the creatinine concentration is 100 mg.L-1.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Starch 3,5-dinitrobenzoate showed a better adsorption property for creatinine, and it is worthy to be studied more deeply.</p>