Screening for Lynch syndrome in colorectal cancer / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the application of mismatch repair (MMR) genes proteins expression to screen for Lynch syndrome in colorectal cancer patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred consecutive colorectal cancers cases collected from 2012 to 2013 were tested immunohistochemically for the protein expression of MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and PMS2, and also by the ARMS method for the mutation status of BRAF genes in those cases lacking protein expression for MLH1.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The result of MMR immunocytochemistry showed that nine of 100 cases lacked MMR protein expression, including three cases each that were MLH1-/PMS2- and MSH2-/MSH6- respectively, two cases were MLH6- and one case was PMS2-; overall, the majority of these cases lacked protein expression of MLH1 and MSH2. The BRAF genes mutation test showed one case of mutation, indicating that the patient might have MLH1 gene methylation as a result of the mutation of BRAF genes, and that was a sporadic case. The age of onset for patients lacking MMR protein expression was lower than patients with sporadic colorectal cancer (P = 0.011). Colorectal cancers associated with the lack of MMR protein expression mostly occurred in the right colon (P = 0.001), and histomorphologically were often accompanied by mucinous adenocarcinoma (P = 0.010) and tumor lymphocytic infiltration.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Immunohistochemical staining for MMR proteins in patients with colorectal cancer, accompanied by testing for BRAF genes mutation, may be an effective approach to screen for Lynch syndrome.</p>

Factors of oral infection in elderly patients with head and neck radiotherapy for malignant lymphoma / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the factors relating to oral infection in elderly patients treated with head and neck radiotherapy for malignant lymphoma and to provide the clinical basis for the prevention and treatment of oral infections.Methods A total of 97 patients treated with head and neck radiotherapy for malignant lymphoma from March 2007 to March 2012 were enrolled.The factors relating to oral infection after head and neck radiation therapy were analyzed.Results Totally 25 patients (25.77％,25/97) had oral infections.The single-factor analysis showed that education degree,occupation,cancer staging,oral self-cleaning,oral environment,chemotherapy were the important factors relating to oral infection (x2 =8.634,6.863,9.237,11.870,7.563,8.012,P＜0.01).The incidence of oral infection had no significant differences between male and female patients.Conclusions There are many factors relating to oral infection in elderly patients treated with head and neck radiotherapy for malignant lymphoma,and poor oral self-cleaning,history of gum disease and chemotherapy are the important related factors.

Expression and their clinical significance of SSTR2A, SSTR5 and EGFR in non-small cell lung cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Somatostatin receptor (SSTR), as a marker gene in tumors, is being valued gradually. With five subtypes have been identified, many researches are carried out to explore the amino acid sequence of SSTR family members, the molecular biological characteristics, the distribution and expression in the normal tissue and the tumor, and their specific ligands. In this study, the expression and significance of SSTR (SSTR2A, SSTR5) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were investigated, and the relationship among them were evaluated.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expressions of SSTR2A, SSTR5 and EGFR in 62 NSCLC tissues and 7 lung tissues adjacent to the cancer tissues were detected by immunohistochemical method (SP method). All cases were followed up.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 62 cases of NSCLC, the positive rate of SSTR2A and SSTR5 expression was 48.4% (30/62) and 71.0% (44/62) respectively. The positive rate of SSTR2A and SSTR5 was closely related to TNM stage (P < 0.05), but not to other clinical characteristics of NSCLC (P > 0.05). The positive rate of EGFR expression was 56.5% (35/62), but 0 in 7 lung tissues adjacent to the cancer tissues. The positive rate of EGFR was not related to the age, sex, smoking or not, tumors histological type, tumor size, TNM stage, differentiation classification and the lymph node metastasis (P > 0.05). There was negative relation between the expression of SSTR2A, SSTR5 and EGFR in NSCLC. The 3-year survival rate of patients with SSTR2A and SSTR5 expression was 64.52% and 65.91% respectively, 45.16% and 22.22% for those without expression (P < 0.05); The 3-year survival rate of patients with EGFR expression was 30.77% and 69.44% for those without expression (P < 0.05 ).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of SSTR and EGFR is significantly upregulated in NSCLC and a negative relation exists between their expressions. Detection of expression of SSTR2A, SSTR5 and EGFR might be helpful to evaluate lymph node metastasis, pathological stages and prognosis of NSCLC.</p>

Biological response modifiers combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for stage Ⅲ non-small-cell lung cancer / 中国癌症杂志

Purpose:To evaluate the effect of biological response modifiers for Ⅲ stage non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods:Fifty-nine patients were randomized into two groups.Twenty-nine patients were put into radiotherapy and chemotherapy(R+C) groups,thirty patients were into Biological response modifiers and radiotherapy chemotherapy(BRMS+R+C) groups.All patients received routine radiotherapy 2.0 Gy per day,5times a week to a total dose of 60-65 Gy,in 42-45 days.Radiation fields just covered clinical tumors.Chemotherapy consisted of cisplatin 25-30 mg/m 2 ,etoposide 50-70 mg/m 2 on days 1?2and 3 every 4 week,for squamous cell carcinoma.For adenocarcinoma,it was mitemycin 4-6 mg/m 2 on day1 and vindesine 3 mg on day1 and8,and cisplatin25-30 mg/m 2 on day1?2 and 3,every 4 weeks interferon-?(IFN-?)and interleukin-2(IL-2)were used in(BRMS+R+C)groups after the second chemotherapy was over. IFN-? was given on days 1?2?3 and IL-2 on days 2?4?6 to a total of forty-eight day.Results:The overall response rate was 51.7% and 76.6% in(R+C) and(BMRS+R+C) groups.The one.two year survival rates were 62.1% 17 3% and 83 3%,43 3% in (R+C) and (BMRS+R+C) groups respectively.Conclusions:The preliminary results from our study has shown that biological response modifiers combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for non -small cell lung cancer has better early response rate and survival rate.

Expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes and epidermal growth factor receptor in non-small cell lung cancer and their clinical significance / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

0.05).There was a negative correlation between the EGFR expression with the expression of SSTR2A and SSTR5 in NSCLC tissues.The 3-year survival rates were 64.5% and 65.9% in patients positive of SSTR5 and SSTR2A,respectively;and were 45.2% and 22.2% for those negative of SSTR5 and SSTR2A,respectively(P