Mediating Effect of Self-Esteem on Relationship between Cultural Adaptation Stress and Achievement Motivation in Adolescents from Multicultural Families / 정신간호학회지

Purpose@#To understand mediating effects of self-esteem on the relation between acculturative stress and achievement motivation of adolescents from multicultural families. @*Methods@#As a secondary analysis research using data of the 16th (2016) Youth Health Behavior Survey, this study selected a total of 1,239 middle school students from multicultural families. Using SPSS/WIN 24.0 Program, collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé’s test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, Stepwise multiple regression, and SPSS Process Macro. @*Results@#Achievement motivation had a significantly negative correlation with acculturative stress (r=-19, p<.001) while it had a positive correlation with self-esteem (r=.56, p<.001). Acculturative stress had a negative correlation with self-esteem (r=-23, p<.001). Self-esteem partially mediated the relation between acculturative stress and achievement motivation (95% CI, -0.05~-0.03). @*Conclusion@#Results of this study indirectly showed that the negative influence of acculturative stress on achievement motivation could be reduced through enhancement of self-esteem. Thus, to improve achievement motivation of adolescents from multicultural families, it would be necessary to develop and provide programs for enhancing self-esteem.

Validation of the Korean Version of Gatekeeper Behavior Scale / 신경정신의학

Objectives@#The suicide rate in Korea is one of the highest among all members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Gatekeeper training is one of the major projects for the national suicide prevention strategy in Korea. The Gatekeeper Behavior Scale (GBS) is a self-reported questionnaire used to evaluate the effects of gatekeeper training. This study aimed to validate the Korean version of the Gatekeeper Behavior Scale (K-GBS). @*Methods@#The GBS was translated into Korean, then back-translated to the original language to verify the translation accuracy. Nine hundred middle and high school teachers who participated in gatekeeper training for suicide prevention were included in this study. The construct validity was tested using confirmatory factor analysis. The internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. @*Results@#Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the K-GBS comprised of three factors (preparedness, likelihood, and self-efficacy) with an acceptable model fit (Tucker-Lewis index=0.99, comparative fit index=0.99, root mean square error of approximation=0.03). The Cronbach’s α coefficients were 0.95 for the total scale, 0.94 for preparedness, 0.89 for likelihood, and 0.93 for self-efficacy. @*Conclusion@#The K-GBS showed good construct validity and internal consistency. Therefore, it can be a useful tool for assessing the effects of gatekeeper training on suicide prevention in Korea.

Attitude toward Suicide in the Elderly Suicide Attempter

Objectives@#This study aims to compare attitude toward suicide among the elderly with suicide attempt, suicide ideation, and without suicide ideation and attempt. @*Methods@#We recruited study groups according to suicide risk. Suicide attempt/ideation group were recruited from Busan Regional Suicide Prevention Center. Control group was recruited from general population. Suicide attempt group was those who attempted suicide within 6 months prior to study participation. Suicide ideation group was those who had suicide ideation within 6 months prior to study participation but did not have lifetime history of suicide attempt. Control group was those who did not have either lifetime history of suicide ideation and attempt. Attitude toward suicide was evaluated by Korean version of Attitude Toward Suicide-20 (ATTS-20) Questionnaire. @*Results@#Total of 141 elderly people aged over 60 were recruited. Four subscale scores of ATTS-20 (permissiveness and nonintervention; preventability and incomprehensibility; universality; unpredictability) were significantly lower in the suicide attempt group than suicide ideation and control group. @*Conclusion@#The results of present study suggest that the elderly who had history of suicide attempt are more permissive toward and have lack of comprehension of suicide. These results can be useful to develop effective suicide intervention and prevention strategy for the elderly.

Nursing College Life Experiences of North Korean Defectors

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to understand nursing college life experiences of North Korean Defectors and identify their meanings. METHODS: The study collected data through individual in-depth interviews among six undergraduates or graduates from nursing colleges, using phenomenological research methodology of Colaizzi-one of qualitative research approaches. RESULTS: Six categories drawn as a result of research include ‘Be bumped against hard reality wall’, ‘Bondage of discrimination and prejudice’, ‘Endure and stand with strength of faith’, ‘Myself grown up along with work’, ‘Becoming one amid differences’, and ‘Stepping towards unification’. CONCLUSION: The result of this study would contribute to understanding academic and interpersonal difficulties North Korean defectors might experience at nursing colleges. And it may also help people to learn that they would play an important role in integration of the nursing fields of South and North Korea as well as the nation's unification. Along the way, the results of the study could be basic data to establish national policy helping North Korean defectors adapt to nursing college life, and develop the supporting system of colleges as well as setting up appropriate supports and measures from the perspective of the nursing field.

Factors Affecting the Infertility-Related Quality of Life among the Infertility Women

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to determine the infertility stress, resilience, intimacy and infertility-related quality of life of infertility women in an infertility clinic, and to reveal associated factors of infertility-related quality of life. METHODS: As a descriptive study, data was collected from 92 infertility women in an infertility clinic. Data was analyzed using t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: Infertility stress, resilience, intimacy and infertility-related quality of life averaged 3.1±0.5, 3.7±0.3, 3.3±0.3, 3.2±0.5 respectively. The infertility-related quality of life varied with a statistical significance by marital period, the presence of a burdensome person and burdensome person. Infertility-related quality of life had a negative correlation with infertility stress (r=−0.69, p<0.001), and a positive correlation with resilience (r=0.23, p=0.28) and intimacy (r=0.22, p=0.030). Meaningful variables that influenced infertility-related quality of life were ‘need for parenthood,’ ‘social concern in infertility stress’ and ‘positive factor in resilience,’ and infertility-related quality of life was explained 56.6% by the variables. CONCLUSION: It is suggested to highlight the importance of the infertility-related quality of life and to develop and execute the nursing intervention program for enhancing resilience and decreasing infertility stress of infertility women in infertility clinics.

Vietnamese Immigrant Women's Experience of Maternity after Childbirth

PURPOSE: To understand the meaning and essence of Vietnamese migrant women's maternal experience after childbirth. METHODS: A phenomenological methodology was used for this study. Study participants were six Vietnamese marriage migrant women who had experience of childbirth in Korea. Data collection period was from February 1 through November 4, 2016. Data were collected through in-depth interview and analyzed with the Giorgi method. RESULTS: As a result of study, six main meanings and 12 themes were produced. The six main meanings produced in this study were ‘childbirth realized in the double difficulty’, ‘concerned health between the ở cữ and the sanhujori’, ‘tired body with hard parenting’, ‘crowding regret for international marriage after childbirth’, ‘Grateful partner becoming the prop’, and ‘Growing maternal instinct by moving the mind and body in a foreign country’. CONCLUSION: Consideration for postnatal care is necessary from Vietnamese marriage migrant women's viewpoint. Systematic education programs that can improve nursing capability of medical personnel for multicultured clinical practice with development of a postnatal care program suited to multiculture are also necessary.

The Effects of Labor pain and Labour agentry on Perception of Delivery Experience in Puerperas Giving Birth in Midwifery Clinic

PURPOSE: This study intends to identify the relations among labor pain and labor agentry of puerperas giving birth in midwifery clinic and perception of delivery experience, and to establish factors influencing on their perception of delivery experience. METHODS: Descriptive survey research. Data were collected from puerperas giving birth through vaginal delivery in six midwifery clinics, and they were analyzed through t-test, ANOVA, pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: Figures of labor pain of puerperas giving birth in midwifery clinic by stage were 4.12, 6.80 and 8.11 in average in latent, active and transitional stage, respectively, while labor agentry and perception of delivery experience showed upper-middling figures, namely 3.70 and 3.94. It was revealed that labor agentry of puerperas giving birth in midwifery clinic had negative correlation with labor pain in latent stage (r=−0.176, p=0.021). Perception of delivery experience had the same with labor pain in latent stage (r=−0.177, p=0.020) and labor pain in active stage (r=−0.159, p=0.037), whereas perception of delivery experience had positive correlation with labor agentry (r=0.750, p < 0.001). In addition, factors influencing on perception of delivery experience of puerperas giving birth in midwifery clinic were labor agentry, educational background and marital satisfaction, accounting for 58.8%. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that developing and applying nursing intervention program that increases labor agentry so that puerperas giving birth in midwifery clinic may perceive childbirth experience positively.

Relationship between Perception of Patient Safety Culture and Performance for Safety Care Activity in Rehabilitation Hospital Nurse / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was to examine the relationships between nurse's perception of patient safety culture and performance for safety nursing activities at rehabilitation hospitals. METHODS: This study applied a descriptive research design. Participants were 194 nurses who have provided nursing services for more than 6 months at 4 rehabilitation hospitals located in B metropolitan city. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple regression. RESULTS: There was a positive correlation between the awareness of patient safety culture and safety nursing activity. Multivariate analysis showed that hospital work environment, experience of education, hospital climate, frequency of reported events, and marital status were significantly associated with the safety nursing activity. Overall, approximately 23.1% of total variability in the safety nursing activity could be explained by the 5 variables (R²=0.231, p<.005). CONCLUSION: Nurses at rehabilitation hospitals are relatively positive about patient safety culture. Therefore, we need to develop safety education programs at the level of organization in order to improve patient safety through performing effective safety nursing activities in addition to increase awareness of patient safety culture among nurses. Furthermore, we need hospital's strategies at the system level for open communication and outcome reports regarding patient safety.

Factors Associated with Marital Satisfaction of Women Under Infertility Treatments

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine the infertility stress, marital intimacy, and marital satisfaction of women under infertility treatment, and to reveal associated factors of marital satisfaction. METHODS: As a descriptive correlation study, data was collected from 174 women under infertility treatment. Data was analysed using χ2-test, t-test, ANOVA, pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: Infertility stress, marital intimacy, and marital satisfaction averaged 3.20±.3 (range of scale 1~5), 3.53±.5, and 3.74±.6, respectively. The marital satisfaction varied with a statistical significance by the spouse's attitude about infertility treatment and financial burden on infertility treatments. Marital satisfaction had a positive correlation with infertility stress (r=.526, p<.001) and marital intimacy (r=.637, p<.001). We also identified the marital intimacy as the most influencing factor and the infertility stress as the second most influencing factor on the infertile women's marital satisfaction. CONCLUSION: This research provided a valuable opportunity to recognize infertility as a marital, family, and societal problem, which calls for relational support as well as personal support. The infertility experts need to recognize both the personal and relational aspects of the infertility problem, and make various efforts to promote the reproductive health of the infertile patients.

Relationships among Parent-child Communication, Self-esteem and Sexual Assertiveness for Male and Female University Students: Gender Difference

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the relationships among parent-child communication, self-esteem and sexual assertiveness for male and female university students. METHODS: This descriptive study used a comparative survey design that utilized self-report questionnaires. A total of 470 participants were male and female university students in B metropolitan city. RESULTS: The degree of open communication use was higher for female students in comparison to male students, There were no differences in dysfunctional communication for both the father-child communication. There were no differences between males and females for the mother-child communication either. The degree of self-esteem was higher for male students in comparison to the female students. The degree of sexual assertiveness was higher for female students in comparison to the male students. The grade, religion, major, allowance source, marital status of parents, and relationship experience with opposite sex were influencing factors for the male students' sexual assertiveness whereas the individual's major and physical contact were influencing factors for the female students. CONCLUSION: Self-esteem and mother-child open communication were influencing factors of sexual assertiveness. Thus, the nursing intervention based on the influencing factors is needed in order for male and female students to express sexual assertiveness.

The Relationship between Nursing Professionalism, Clinical Decision Making Abilities, and Job Performance in Advanced Practice Nurses / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: To identify the extents of nursing professionalism, clinical decision making abilities and job performance of advanced practice nurses and investigate the relationship among the variables. METHODS: Participants, selected by a convenience sampling method, were 135 advanced practice nurses working in 4 tertiary care general hospitals in 'B' Metropolitan City and in 1 tertiary care general hospital in 'J' city. Data collection was done from January 15 to February 28, 2013 using self-reporting questionnaires. RESULTS: The average score for nursing professionalism of study participants was 81.19+/-7.56. for clinical decision making abilities, 140.42+/-9.62 and for job performance, 102.54+/-10.30. These averages are relatively high. The relationship between the extent of nursing professionalism and the extent of clinical decision making abilities showed an intermediate level positive correlation (r=.45, p<.001). The relationship between the extent of nursing professionalism and the extent of job performance was also an intermediate level positive correlation (r=.42, p<.001). The extent of clinical decision making abilities and the extent of job performance was an intermediate level positive correlation (r=.41, p<.001). CONCLUSION: Developing a program, which can improve nursing professionalism and clinical decision making abilities of nurse, is required to enhance their job performance.

Comparative Evaluation of Chest Compression in a 30degrees Inclined Lateral Position Designed for Pregnant Cardiac Arrest Patients-Manikin Study

PURPOSE: Appropriate aortocaval compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) plays a significant role in outcomes following cardiac arrest during pregnancy. The existing aortocaval compression women may have due to pregnancy conditions can be relieved by either manual displacement of the gravid uterus or by placing the patient in an inclined lateral position. Hence, the objective of this study was to compare the quality of chest compression in two different positions, supine versus 30degrees inclined lateral, to ascertain whether or not high quality CPR is feasible in an inclined position for treating cardiac arrest during pregnancy. METHODS: A prospective, crossover, randomized study was performed with thirty emergency medicine residents and emergency medical technicians. Each participant performed hands-only CPR for 2 minutes in both supine and 30degrees inclined lateral positions on a manikin. Compression rate, depth, compression depth rate, recoil rate, and hand positioning were evaluated using the Laerdal PC SkillReporting System(R). Participants were scored on the subjective difficulty of chest compression using a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS: There were no significant differences in compression rates, correct recoil rates and correct hand position ratings between the two positions. The compression depth in the supine position was 56.1+/-4.5 mm, and 52.6+/-6.5 mm (p<0.001) in the 30degrees inclined lateral position. However, the latter result met the current guideline recommendation. There was no reported difference in the difficulty of chest compression between the two positions. CONCLUSION: In the 30degrees inclined lateral position, high-quality chest compression is feasible to achieve in simulated cardiac arrest associated with pregnancy.

Extended Blood Drug Concentrations in Extended Release Formulated Acetaminophen Overdose Patients

PURPOSE: The Rumack-Matthew nomogram cannot be applied in managing overdose by extended release (ER) preparation acetaminophen (AAP). This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of ER preparation AAP overdose in order to develop a treatment recommendation. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients presented to the emergency department as a result of AAP overdose from Jan 2008 to Dec 2010. Only those patients who ingested an ER preparation of AAP were included in the study. Their blood AAP concentrations were measured at 4 and 8 hours after ingestion. Clinical variables related to AAP intoxication were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the total 108 AAP overdose patients identified during the 3-year period, 20 suffered specifically with ER preparation AAP overdose. The mean estimated ingestion amount was 167.5 mg/kg. Treatments including gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) were performed on 10, 14, and 11 patients, respectively. Hepatotoxicity was diagnosed in only one patient who was then successfully treated with NAC. In another case, blood AAP concentration continued to increase until at least 11-hours after ingestion. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that blood AAP concentrations associated with ingestion of ER formulations of AAP, may increase in an extended manner. Therefore, multiple sampling and longer periods between samples assessing AAP blood concentration may be required for incidences of extended release overdose.

Effects of Integrated Menopause Management Program for Middle Aged Woman / 여성건강간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of integrated menopause management program derived theoretical framework of King (1981)'s goal attainment theory model for middle aged women. METHODS: This research was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The subjects of this study were 37 middle aged women in Busan and experiencing menopause; 17 for the experimental group and 20 for the control group. Experimental group was educated for 1 hour group interchange activity and five minutes individual interchange activity, once a week during 8 weeks. Measurement for comparison were taken two times, at baseline, 8wks. The effects were evaluated with menopause symptom, menopause knowledge, menopause attitude and menopause management. RESULTS: The experimental group was significantly lower than control group on menopause symptom (F=5.936, p=.010) and higher than control group on menopause knowledge (F=12.031, p=.001) and menopause management (F=5.861, p=.010) after integrated menopause management program. However integrated menopause management program did not make significant differences on menopause attitude (F=0.105, p=.374). CONCLUSION: Results indicate that integrated menopause management program could be an effective intervention decreasing menopause symptom and for increasing menopause knowledge, menopause management in middle aged women.

Assessment and Training Effect of Communication Skills of Emergency Department Staffs

PURPOSE: Communication and interpersonal skills are among the essential competencies of a good emergency physician. The purpose of this study was to develop a communication skill training program for emergency department staffs and to compare communication skills before and after the training. METHODS: Communication skills of emergency department staffs were assessed in a blinded fashion according to a 12-item checklist that probed image making, attitude, and communication. We trained emergency staffs in communication skills for 2 hours with a communication guide for emergency staffs that was developed based on the results of baseline assessments. After 6 months of training, the assessments of emergency department resident physicians were repeated. RESULTS: Baseline scores of communication skills showed no significant differences among emergency residents, non-emergency residents and nurses. The communication skill scores of emergency residents were increased after the training (2.3 vs 3.0, p=0.022). According to the sub-categories probed, image making (p=0.012) and communication (p=0.008) showed significant improvement. CONCLUSION: This study suggest that the communication skills of emergency staffs can be improved with appropriate communication training. Therefore, continuous efforts should be made to develop communication skill programs.

Testicular Injuries-Efficacy of the Organ Injury Scale Developed by the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: According to the AAST (American Association for the Surgery of Trauma) injuries to the testes are rare, but there are many reports in the literature on other organs using the AAST Organ Injury Scale (OIS). In the present study, the authors evaluated the usefulness of the AAST OIS when applied to the testis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was performed on 65 patients (mean age 30.0 years) with a testis injury treated between March 1986 and July 2006. Of the 65 patients, preoperative ultrasonography was performed on 51. Injuries were classified according to the OIS of the AAST, based on history taking, a physical examination and scrotal ultrasonography. RESULTS: Of the 51 patients, 46 and 5 underwent surgical intervention and conservative management, respectively. Of the included patients, 38 were found to have abnormal testis contours on ultrasonography, 29 had a rupture of the tunica albuginea, with a sensitivity of 76.3%. Of the 13 patients with normal contours, the tunica albuginea was normal in 7, and 8 underwent operation, with a specificity of 87.5%. Of the 12 Grade I patients, 7 underwent an operation, but the testes contours were normal. Of the 8 Grade II patients, only 1 underwent a primary repair with partial orchiectomy, but of the 45 Grades III, IV or V patients, 35 underwent a primary repair with a partial orchiectomy or orchiectomy with a hematoma evacuation performed in 10. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonography was found to be the most effective modality for detecting a rupture of the tunica albuginea, and the authors conclude that the AAST OIS can be used to determine the treatment modality. Our recommended treatment policy is as follows; conservative for Grade I, exploration and repair for Grade II, and exploration, and a partial orchiectomy or orchiectomy for Grades III, IV or V. In particular, an orchiectomy is the most commonly used modality for Grade V.

Ureteral Obstruction Caused by Periureteral Tuberculous Granuloma after Intravesical BCG Therapy for Superficial Bladder Tumors / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) that has been used to treat transitional cell carcinoma. Since the initial report by Morales and associates on the use of intravesical BCG for the treatment of recurrent superficial bladder tumors, intravesical therapy with BCG has proved to be more effective for prophylaxis and the treatment of superficial bladder tumors and carcinoma in situ than most of the standard chemotherapeutic agents. While the majority of patients tolerate BCG treatments well, a number of adverse reaction (e.g., fever, hematuria, dysuria, nausea and malaise) have been reported. More serious complications occur on rare occasions and they include pneumonitis/hepatitis, ureteral obstruction, renal abscess and sepsis. We report here on a case of ureteral obstruction that was caused by periureteral tuberculous granuloma after intravesical BCG therapy for superficial bladder tumors, and the condition required distal ureterectomy & ureteroneocystostomy.

Vesicosigmoidal Fistula Caused by Diverticulitis / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Enterovesical fistula is a relatively uncommon complication involving colorectal and pelvic malignancies, intestinal diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease, radiotherapy and trauma in Asian countries. A 77-year-old male was referred with complaints of difficult urination, frequency, nocturia and abdominal discomfort. On admission, fever and fecaluria were present. Various diagnostic procedures such as excretory urography, cystography, cystoscopy, rectoscopy and pelvic computed tomography (CT) scan were performed. Under the impression of vesicosigmoidal fistula, segmental resection of the sigmoid colon with partial cystectomy was performed. The histopathology revealed diverticulosis of the sigmoid colon with diverticulitis and development of a vesicosigmoidal fistula.

Primary Retroperitoneal Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma / 대한비뇨기과학회지

A malignant fibrous histiocytoma is a rare pleomorphic tumor of the soft tissues. Primary retroperitoneal involvement of a malignant fibrous histiocytoma is very rare and often diagnosed in an advanced stage as it has no specific symptoms. Herein, a case of a malignant fibrous histiocytoma involving the retroperitoneum is reported, which was incidentally found in a 74-year-old male, who complained of pain in the right abdomen and thigh.

Clinical study of total vaginal hysterectomy / 대한산부인과학회잡지

No abstract available.