Research advances in effects of mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes on Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease / 中华老年医学杂志

Alzheimer's disease(AD)and Parkinson's disease(PD)are common neurodegenerative diseases that seriously threaten the health of the elderly, involving various abnormalities in physiology and metabolism including the impairment of mitochondrial function, Ca 2+ homeostasis deregulation, oxidative stress, aggregation of misfolded proteins, autophagy and inflammation.However, mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these diseases have not been clearly elucidated, thus impeding advances in their treatment.In recent years, it has been found that mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes(MAM)play an important role in the development of AD and PD and exert their effects by regulating the functions of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticula.This article reviews studies of the past decade related to the effects of MAM on AD and PD, aiming to generate insights for exploring the constituent proteins of MAM and the molecular mechanisms of AD and PD via endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria Ca 2+ transport and ER stress regulated by MAM.

Development of a reference substance for live bacterial count of Streptococcicosis live vaccines / 生物工程学报

This study attempts to develop a reference substance for the live bacteria count of Streptococcicosis live vaccines in order to evaluate the validity of live bacterial count in inspection and testing. We prepared a batch of live Streptococcus suis reference substance for live bacterial count, tested their physical property, purity, vacuum degree, remaining moisture, and determined their homogeneity, thermal stability and transportation stability. Moreover, we organized collaborative calibration to assign count values to the reference substance and determine the shelf life of the reference substance in 12 months. The results showed that the physical property, the purity, the remaining moisture and the vacuum degree of the reference substance were all in compliance with the requirements of the Chinese Veterinary Pharmacopoeia. The homogeneity test showed that the coefficient of variation of the count of the reference substance was less than 10%, indicating a good homogeneity. Transportation stability test showed that the reference substance remained active after 72 h transportation in summer and winter with the package of styrofoam boxes and ice packs. Thermal stability test showed that the reference substance could be stored for up to 3 months at -20 °C, or up to 21 days at 4 °C. According to the collaborative calibration, the reference vaccine was assigned a count value range of (8.5-12.1)×107 CFU/ampoule. The shelf life test showed that the reference substance was stable for 12 months when stored at -70 °C. The reference substance could provide a reference for the live bacterial count of Streptococcicosis live vaccines. Moreover, it could also be used as a reference to evaluate the quality of corresponding agar media.

Pathological study of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle in patients with different severities of simple congenital ptosis / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To observe the pathological changes of levator palpebrae superiors muscle in patients with different severities of simple congenital ptosis (SCP).Methods:Levator palpebrae superiors muscle specimens from 102 eyes of 68 patients with SCP who received levator palpebrae superiors muscle shortening surgery at Wuhan Aier Hankou Eye Hospital from August 2018 to October 2019 were collected as the observation group.According to the severity of ptosis, the specimens were divided into three groups, coverage ≤4 mm group (n=35), coverage >4 mm to ≤6 mm group (n=30), and coverage >6 mm group (n=37). Fresh levator palpebrae superiors muscle tissues from 8 normal donors in Aier Eye Bank of Wuhan Red Cross were selected as the control group.All specimens were performed with Masson trichrome staining and immunohistochemical staining for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and ImageJ software was used to measure the collagen fiber area ratio, skeletal muscle fiber area ratio and the integrated absorbance (IA) value of α-SMA.Seventeen specimens (2 from the control group, 5 from coverage ≤4 mm group/coverage >4 mm to ≤6 mm group/coverage >6 mm group) were observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). This study protocol adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by an Ethics Committee of Wuhan Aier Hankou Eye Hospital (No.HKAIER2018IRB-005-01). All patients and their legal guardians were well informed about the treatment method and the purpose of sampling and voluntarily signed informed consent.Results:Compared with the control group, the skeletal muscle fiber was reduced in number and was in disordered arrangement, and the striation of some muscle fibers disappeared, and hyperplastic fibrous connective tissue was found in intercellular substances in the observation group.The collagen fiber area ratio of the coverage ≤4 mm group, coverage >4 mm to ≤6 mm group, coverage >6 mm group were significantly higher than that of the control group, and the skeletal muscle fiber area ratio of the three groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (all at P<0.008 3). There were more smooth muscle fibers and positive expression of α-SMA found in the specimens of the observation group.The IA value of α-SMA of the coverage ≤4 mm group, coverage >4 mm to ≤6 mm group, coverage >6 mm group was 7 195.28(5 935.69, 14 058.29), 55 584.18(33 861.88, 80 419.32), 166 507.76(119 121.95, 187 890.86), respectively, which were all higher than 5 543.03(4 867.67, 8 312.02) of the control group, among which, there were statistically significant differences between the control group and the coverage >4 mm to ≤6 mm group, coverage >6 mm group (both at P<0.008 3). Abundant organelles and some damaged mitochondria were found in smooth muscle cytoplasm in the observation group with a TEM.But no characteristic structure of smooth muscle cells such as dense patch and dense body was detected.Conclusions:There are abnormal smooth muscle cells in the levator palpebrae superiors muscle of SCP patients, and the dysgenesis of the levator palpebrae superiors muscle may be related to this abnormal muscle cell.

Effects of Vibration Training with Adjusted Frequency on Functional Ankle Instability / 医用生物力学

Objective To study the effect of vibration training with adjusted frequency on changes in explosive force of lower limbs, balance and muscle function around ankle joints of patients with functional ankle instability (FAI), so as to provide an empirical basis for rehabilitation training of FAI patients in clinic. Methods Twenty-six FAI patients were randomly divided into the experimental group (n=14) and the control group (n=12). The experimental group received 8-week rehabilitation training with vibration intervention, while the control group only received 8-week rehabilitation training. Changes in maximum power, average power, maximum speed and average speed of the injured limb during vertical jump with single leg, changes in distances during long jump, changes in time during one-leg standing with eyes open and closed，changes in contract time (tc), relax time (tr) and displacement (Dm) of medial gastrocnemius (GM), lateral gastrocnemius (GL) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles before and after training were measured and compared. Results In the experimental group, the maximum power and maximum speed of the injured limb during vertical jump with single leg, the distance during long jump with single leg and the time during one-leg standing with open and closed eyes were significantly improved, and the increase was higher than that of the control group. The increase of tc of all muscles in the experimental group was smaller than that of the control group, but tr and Dm did not show any regularity. Conclusions Vibration training with adjusted frequency can effectively improve the explosive force and balance ability of lower limbs of FAI patients, and promote the tc shortening of GL, GM and TA muscles, but whether vibration training with adjusted frequency can reduce muscle tension and promote muscle relaxation is still not clear.

Study on Content Determination of 6 Active Ingredients in Paeonia lactiflora during Different Harvesting Periods and Their Variation / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To establish the method for content determination of 6 active ingredients in Paeonia lactiflora during different harvest periods ，and to investigate its variation rules so as to determine the optimal harvesting period. METHODS ：HPLC method was adopted to determine the contents of gallic acid ， catechin， alibiflorin， paeoniflorin， benzoic acid and benzoylpaeoniflorin，and principal component analysis was conducted . The determination was performed on Thermo C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 0.1％ phosphoric acid aqueous solution （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was 230 nm，and column temperature was 35 ℃. The sample size was 10 µL. RESULTS ：The linear range of the above 6 ingredients were 0.013 2-0.25 mg/mL（r＝0.999 2），0.013 2-0.25 mg/mL（r＝0.999 9），0.026 8-0.51 mg/mL（r＝0.999 7）， 0.42-8.01 mg/mL（r＝0.999 2），0.016-0.31 mg/mL（r＝0.999 4），0.02-0.38 mg/mL（r＝0.999 8），respectively. The limits of quantification were 0.009 3，0.008 5，0.016 3，0.021 7，0.011 3，0.017 4 mg/mL，and the limits of detection were 0.003 3，0.002 7， 0.005 4，0.007 3，0.003 8，0.005 9 mg/mL. RSDs of precision ，stability and repeatability tests were less than 2％. The recoveries were 96.01％-99.43％（RSD＝1.23％，n＝9），97.95％-100.45％（RSD＝0.79％，n＝9），97.98％-100.11％（RSD＝0.68％，n＝ 9），98.83％ -100.09％ （RSD＝0.65％ ，n＝9），98.58％ - 100.95％（RSD＝1.35％，n＝9），96.28％-103.26％（RSD＝ 1.76％，n＝9）. The contents of above 6 ingredients in Radix Paeoniae Rubra （roots） were 0.016％ -0.057％ ，0-0.067％ ， 0.207％-0.640％，2.350％-5.887％，0.030％- 0.245％，0.054％- 0.381％，respectively. On May 30th，the drying rate of Radix 0451-87266873。E-mail：wangzhen_yue@163.com Paeoniae Rubra was the lowest （about 33％），and on Sept. 15th，the drying rate was the highest （about 49％）. The contents of gallic acid and paeoniflorin in the leaves of P. lactiflora were higher than the root during Jul.-Oct. Results of principal component analysis showed that the variance contribution rates of the first two principal components were 71.845％ and 18.170％，respectively；cumulative variance contribution rate was 90.015％. The months with higher comprehensive scores were May to Jun. and Sept. to Oct. CONCLUSIONS ：Established method is simple ， accurate，reproducible and precise. It can be used to determine the contents of 6 active ingredients in Radix Paeoniae Rubra during different harvest periods. Sept. 30th to Oct. 15th is the optimum harvesting periods for Radix Paeoniae Rubra ，and leaves can be harvested around Jul. 15th.

Determination of Polysaccharide Content ，Cluster Analysis in Acanthopanax senticosus from Different Producing Areas and Optimization of Its Ultrasonic Extraction Technology / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To establish a determination method for content of polysaccharide in Acanthopanax senticosus， and to conduct cluster analysis and ultrasonic extraction technology optimization. METHODS： The content of polysaccharide in A. senticosus was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method. Cluster analysis was conducted by using SPSS 23.0 software of the polysaccharide in A. senticosus from 17 habitats. The ultrasonic extraction technology was optimized with L9（34）orthogonal test using extraction temperature， the ratio of material to liquid， extraction time as factors， the content of polysaccharides as index， and then validated. RESULTS： The linear range of glucose ranged from 0.007 75 to 0.151 mg/mL （r＝0.999 1）； the limits of quantification and detection were 2.854， 0.856 μg/mL； RSDs of precision， stability， and repeatability tests were less than 2％； recovery rates of the sample were 98.41％-101.58％（RSD＝1.23％，n＝6）. Cluster analysis results showed that 17 batches of samples could be clustered into three classes； S1， S6， S10， S12 and S13 were clustered into one class； S3-S5 and S7 were clustered into one class； and the rest samples were clustered into one class. The optimal ultrasonic extraction technology was extraction temperature 55 ℃， ratio of material to liquid 1 ∶ 10 （g/mL）， extraction time 35 min. Results of validation tests showed the content of the polysaccharide under the best process condition was 4.36％（RSD＝0.920％，n＝3）. CONCLUSIONS： Established method is simple，reproducible and suitable for determination of polysaccharide in A. senticosus； the optimized ultrasonic extraction technology is stable and feasible.

Effect of Losartan Combined Folic Acid on Heart Rate Variability in H-type Hypertension Patients Complicated with Acute Cerebral Infarction / 医学研究杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of losartan combined folic acid on heart rate variability in H-type hypertension patients complicated with acute cerebral infarction.Methods Fifty six cases of H-type hypertension complicated with acute cerebral infarction patients admitted to our hospital were collected from March 2016 to March 2017,and were randomly divided into the study group and the control group,each with 28 cases.The research team were treated with losartan tablet 50mg/d and folic acid tablet 0.8mg/d;and the control group were treated with osartan tablet 50mg/d alone.The changes of heart rate variability and serum homocysteine levels were compared between two groups.Results When compared with the control group,the systolic blood pressure reduced more (t =2.878,P =0.006) in the study group,but there was no statistical significance in diastolic blood pressure (P ＞ 0.05).After treatment,the SDNN significantly increased (t =2.267,P =0.027),SDANN significantly increased (t =2.106,P =0.039);RMSSD significantly increased (t =2.192,P =0.032),PNN50 significantly increased (t =2.889,P =0.006).LF significantly increased (t =2.024,P =0.048),HF significantly increased (t =2.365,P =0.022),LF/HF significantly decreased (t =2.195,P =0.033) in the study group.The serum homocysteine level of study group was significantly decreased (t =4.958,P =0.000) after treatment,and significantly lower than the control group (t =4.710,P =0.000).Conclusion The combination of losartan and folic acid can effectively improve the heart rate variability in H-type hypertension patients complicated with acute cerebral infarction.

The differences among the pass rate of intensity modulated radiation therapy planning in different tumors / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective To investigate the difference in the pass rate of intensity?modulated radiation therapy ( IMRT) planning in patients with different tumors and its value in determining pass rate thresholds. Methods A total of 35 verified IMRT plans for each of esophageal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, breast cancer, cervical cancer, and lung cancer were selected consecutively, and a one?way analysis of variance was used to investigate the difference in pass rate. A single pass rate threshold was used to test all IMRT plans, and the pass rate thresholds of IMRT plans for different tumors were calculated based on normal distribution law. Results There was a significant difference in the means between the 5 groups of data ( F=35. 83, P<0. 01) , and there was also a significant difference between any two groups ( P=0. 000) . There were statistically significant differences between nasopharyngeal carcinoma group and other four groups ( P=0. 000) . The difference was not only significant between the breast cancer group and the esophageal cancer group ( P=0. 001) , but also between the breast cancer group and the lung cancer group ( P=0. 033) . The calculated results of each threshold were 93. 37%, 89. 34%, 97. 68%, 95. 99%, and 95. 42%, respectively. Conclusions Different thresholds should be used for IMRT plans for different tumors, and the normal distribution law can be used to calculate the threshold.

Effect of tubulin in skeletal muscle on mitochondrial Rho-GTPase1 protein (Miro1) after high-intensity exercise and the underlying mechanism / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: High-intensity exercise can induce the depolymerization and/or degradation of tubulin in the skeletal muscle. According to the close relation with the mitochondria, tubulin may influence mitochondrial movement track and molecular motor, thereby varying the movement and distribution of mitochondria. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of high-intensity exercise on α-tubulin, MAP4, Miro1 and mitochondrial ultrastructures, analyze their sequential changes and further explore whether tubular depolymerization regulates the movement and distribution of mitochondria via Miro1. METHODS: Fifty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (n=8) and exercise (n=48) groups. The rats in the exercise group ran on the treadmill ( -16°, 20 m/minute) for 90 minutes, and the soleus samples were removed immediately, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after exercise (n=8 each time point). The expression levels of α-tubulin, MAP4 and Miro1 were detected by western blot assay, and the ultrastructural changes of mitochondria were observed under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression level of α-tubulin was decreased significantly at 6 and 12 hours after exercise. The expression level of MAP4 was increased significantly at 6, 12, 48 and 72 hours after exercise. The expression level of Miro1 was increased firstly at 6 and 12 hours after exercise, and decreased at 72 hours after exercise. In the control group, the paired mitochondria were arranged on the both sides of Z line, and few appeared in the myolemma. Mitochondria began to accumulate in the myolemma immediately and 6 hours after exercise; the number achieved the peak at 12 hours, reduced at 24 and 48 hours, and returned to normal at 72 hours. These results suggest that high-intensity exercise can induce the depolymerization of microtubules in the skeletal muscle, thus regulating the movement and distribution of mitochondria via Miro1.

Status of subjective well-being for medical staff in a tertiary hospital / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the status of subjective well-being (SWB) for medical staffs who contact with patients directly in a tertiary hospital.
@*METHODS@#Staffs from a tertiary hospital in Hunan province were investigated the SWB Scale (SWBS-cc20) from 2012 to 2014.
@*RESULTS@#The scores of SWB for medical staffs are high (81.67±12.33). Among the 10 sub-dimensions of SWB, medical staffs performed the best in family atmosphere, personal growth, and interpersonal adaptation, while performed the worst in physical health, mental health and material contentment. Title, job nature, education and occupation significantly affected the status of SWB. Staffs who directly connected with patients have less scores of SWB than those who do not (t=-4.80, P<0.001). Moreover, they perform better in contentment (OR=0.079, 95% CI 1.278 to 2.214, P<0.001), but worse in mental health (OR=1.315, 95% CI 1.023 to 1.690, P<0.05) and physical health (OR=1.313, 95% CI 1.029 to 1.677, P<0.05).
@*CONCLUSION@#Medical staffs have high scores of SWB. Staffs who directly connected with patients have less scores of SWB than those who do not. Moreover, they perform better in contentment, but worse in mental health and physical health.

Effects of heavy load exercise and acupuncture treatment on tubulin in rat skeletal muscle / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Heavy load exercises can induce the ultrastructural changes in the skeletal muscle by the depolymerization and/or degradation of tubulin in the skeletal muscle, thereby lessening contraction activities of the skeletal muscle. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of heavy load exercise and acupuncture on tubulin levels, and to analyze their roles and mechanisms in skeletal muscle injury and repair. METHODS:138 male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into acute exercise group (n=114) and long-term exercise group (n=24). The acute exercise group included four subgroups:sedentary group (n=6), exercise group (n=36), acupunctured group (n=36) and exercise plus acupuncture group (n=36). In the acute exercise experiment, rats were acupunctured after a medium-large intensity downhil running. Rat’s soleus samples were taken immediately, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after exercise and/or acupuncture. In the long-term exercise experiment, rats underwent exercise and acupuncture for 3 weeks, and rat’s soleus samples were col ected at 24 hours after the last training. Expressions ofα-tubulin and microtubule-associated protein 4 (MAP4) in the soleus were detected by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After acute exercise, expression ofα-tubulin and MAP4 was up-or down-regulated transiently. After acute exercise combined with acupuncture, the protein expressions ofα-tubulin and MAP4 changed slightly. However, the long-term exercise induced an increase inα-tubulin protein expression, while a significant decrease in MAP4 protein expression. It was worth noting that acupuncture treatment reduced long-term exercise-induced variations of MAP4 expression. These results suggest that the heavy load exercise can induce the depolymerization of tubulins in the skeletal muscle, and acupuncture may relieve this effect.

Effect of emodin on proliferation and cell cycle of human oral squamous carcinoma Tca8113 cells in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of emodin on proliferation and cell cycle distribution of human oral squamous carcinoma cells in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cultured human oral squamous carcinoma Tca8113 cells were treated with 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 µmol/L emodin for 24, 48 or 72 h, with the cells treated with 0.1% DMSO as control. MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the changes in cell proliferation and cell cycle distribution, respectively. Western blotting was employed to analyze the changes in the expression levels of the cell cycle-related proteins CDK2, cyclin E and P21 after emodin treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Emodin significantly inhibited the growth and proliferation of Tca8113 cells within 72 h in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and caused cell cycle arrest in G0-G1 phase. Western blotting revealed that emodin treatment significantly lowered the expression levels of CDK2, cyclin E and P21 proteins in Tca8113 cells (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Emodin can inhibit the proliferation of Tca8113 cells and affect their cell cycle distribution possibly by inhibiting the signaling pathways of cell cycle regulation.</p>

Atorvastatin Reducing Contrast-induced Nephropathy Rate in Patietns With Emergent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention via Improving Heat Shock Protein-90 Expression / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To explore the high dose atorvastatin reducing contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) rate in patiens with emergent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) via improveing heat shock protein-90 (HSP90) expression with its possible mechanism. Methods: A total of 158 STEMI patients with emergent PCI in our hospital were studied. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: High dose atorvastatin group, the patients received pre-operative atorvastatin 40 mg,n=80 and Control group, the patients received pre-operative placebo,n=78. The serum creatinin (Scr), creatinine clearance rate (Ccr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrogen monoxide (NO), HSP90 mRNA expression and protein concentration and urine α1-microglobulin were examined in all patients and the incidence rates of CIN were compared between 2 groups. Results: Compared with Control group, High dose atorvastatin group had drcreased Scr (68.92 ± 8.80) μmol/L vs (77.25 ± 13.36) μmol/L, MDA (3.88 ± 0.53) nmol/L vs (4.08 ± 0.52) nmol/L and urine α1-micrglobulin (1.38 ± 0.36) mg/dl vs (1.89 ± 1.13 ) mg/dl; increased Ccr (89.71 ± 9.85) ml/min vs (77.28 ± 13.78) ml/ min, SOD (129.52 ± 30.63) U/ml vs (117.66 ± 27.98) U/ml, NO (66.23 ± 29.26) μmol?gprot vs (55.12±27.43) μmol?gprot, allP<0.05. Compared with Control group, High dose atorvastatin group presented higher post-operative HSP90 mRNA expression (0.466 ± 0.158) vs (0.224 ± 0.278 ) and protein concentration (1259.83 ± 121.17) pg/ml vs (1195.0 ± 127.65) pg/ml, allP<0.05. The incidence rate of CIN was lower in High dose atorvastatin group (2.5%) than Control group (10.3%),P<0.05. Conclusion: A high dose atorvastatin administration before emergent PCI may decrease CIN occurrence rate. Atorvastatin may promote HSP90 expression, increase NO produciton, then improve the vascular endothelial function and anti-oxidative ability to protect the renal function in STEMI patients.

Intracellular Targets of Chinese Materia Medica: Mitochondria / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has its advantages in a combination of multi-target and multi-channel overall treatment. However, its mechanism is still unclear. This article elaborated upon prior research results by analyzing the effect of property, efficacy of Chinese materia medica (CMM), acupuncture and moxibustion on mitochondria. TCM can improve the morphology and structure of mitochondria. It was involved in a series of metabolic processes, which included the energy metabolism regulation, inhibition of cell apoptosis, and resistance of oxygen free radicals in mitochondria. The results showed that there existed a certain correlation between intracellular targets of TCM and mitochondria.

A Relevant Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes with Diastolic Heart Failure / 中国中医药信息杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the laws of distribution and combination of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes of patients with diastolic heart failure (DHF); To research the relevance between TCM syndromes and DHF.Methods A four diagnostic information survey was conducted among 124 DHF patients in order to analyze their basic information and information about TCM four diagnostic methods. Statistical analysis method was used to determine the syndrome types of the DHF patients and the features of syndrome combination.ResultsMost DHF patients were in their sixties or seventies, the number of female patients was larger than that of male patients, and their heart function was in II or III grade. Qi deficiency, phlegm turbidity, Qi stagnation, blood stasis, water stagnation, Yang deficiency and Yin deficiency were the common syndromes. Two-card combination and three-card combination were more common, mainly with Qi deficiency, phlegm turbidity or blood stasis as the main patterns of manifestation. Conclusion This research could provide a clinical basis for the establishment of the standard for the TCM syndromes DHF.

Characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Interdigitating dendritic cell sarcoma (IDCS)is a rare malignant tumor of the dendritic cell, derived from the hematopoietic tissue.The major clinical manifestation of IDCS is superficial lymphadenopathy, and the enlarged lymph nodes may appear in some atypical ereas,such as the lung,kidney,bladder and the pleura,etc.With the development of the pathological diagnosis and the application of immunohistochemical staining and electron microscopes,the case detection rate is apparently improved.With the high degree of malignant,rapid progress and poor prognosis of the disease,currently,surgical therapy is still the main approach to the treatment of IDCS.

Analysis of some common pathogens and their drug resistance to antibiotics

To investigate the common bacterial resistance of clinical isolates in our hospital in the second half of 2011. Pathogens isolated from clinical samples in the second half of 2011 were analyzed and categorized to perform susceptibility tests. In the gram-negative bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli accounted for 55.89% and 34.51%. In the gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Coagulasenegative staphylococci, Enterococcus, Strptococcus pneumonia accounted for 32.85%, 40.39%, 12.41% and 10.22%, respectively. Other species accounted for 4.14%. Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were sensitive to cepoperazon, cefepime and imipenem. However, Acinetobacter baumannii was more sensitive to carbapenems antibiotics, which was followed by fourth generation cephalosporins. Klebsiella pneumoniae was extremely sensitive to amikacin, cefepime and imipenem, but was resistant to ampicillin. The detection rates of the broad-spectrum Escherichia coli, Pseudomonasaeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 54.51%, 52.08% and 38.65%. The gram negative bacilli were the prevalent clinical pathogens in our hospital in the second half of 2011. The drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria has increased significantly recently, thus the surveillance of antibacterial agents is necessary, and rational use of antibiotic will be urgently needed to reduce the production and dissemination of drug resistant strains

Effect of exercise on muscle fiber type transform / 基础医学与临床

Fiber type of skeletal muscle and its multiple and specialized protein isoform are the structure and molecular basis of the skeletal muscle's function and adaptability.Myosin heavy chain(MHC)isoform,as the factor determinating the type of the skeletal muscle to be fast or slow one,has become molecular biomarker of muscle fiber type and adaptability.Exercise may lead to the transform between myosin subtypes.This article reviewed not only the relation between myosin heavy chain and muscle fiber type of skeletal muscle,but also the influences of different motor patterns' on the transform of skeletal muscle fiber MHC isoform.