Molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients and personnel in army hospital

Staphylococcus aureus has emerged over the past several decades as a leading cause of hospital- and community acquired infection. A significant component in the success has been its acquisition of antibiotic Resistant factors. We have developed a rapid and simplified approach for the strain characterization of staph.aureus on the basis of multilocussequence typing. MLRFT for s.aureus involes amplification of seven house keeping gene locus, the amplicons are then digested directly with one or two restriction Enzyme and the restriction fragments are resolved by agarose gel electrophoresis. These isolates had been additionally characterized for their susceptibilities to antibiotics. MLRFT resolved 146 isolates into 19 RFT that 48 isolates have the same molecular patterns. Their susceptibilities to antibiotics were showed 90% resistance to methicillin. MLRFT provides convenient procedures for molecular epidemiology it requires minimal laboratory facilities and is relatively simple and inexpensive to perform.63% of cluster [24 isolates] take placed two fold cluster that 90% of them was resistant to methicillin, 55% belong to twofold cluster, there fore methicillin resistant isolates can transmit easily

[Detection of ethambutol-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis strains by MAS-PCR method and comparison with proportion]

Ethambutol [EMB] is one of the first - line drugs used for anti-tubercular therapy but resistance to this medicine is developed in many parts of the world. EMB resistant strains commonly have embB mutations. Purpose of this research was detection of EMB-resistant Mycobactercium tuberculosis strains isolated from patients by MAS-PCR method and comparison with Proportion procedure. One hundred and twenty M. tuberculosis strains were isolated from patients with tulerculosis in Tabriz TB research center. Susceptibility testing to EMB was performed by the Proportion method. DNA was isolated from cultivated cells by SDS-proteinase K modified method. Isolated DNA was used as the template for PCR reaction. One hundred and sixteen strains were susceptible to EMB and 4 [3.33%] strains were resistant to EMB. All EMB resistant strains were multidrug-resistant. The MAS-PCR method was used to evaluate of mutation in the embB306 codon. Mutation was seen at the embB306 codon in all resistant strains to ethambutol. The results showed that MAS-PCR method can be used as a simple and rapid procedure for detecting EMB-resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains