Evaluation of Sealing Ability of Biodentine to Root-End Cavities Irrigated either with Maleic Acid or Irritrol Using Glucose Filtration Model

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the effect of Maleic acid and Irritrol (combination of Chlorhexidine & Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) irrigation on the sealing ability of Biodentine when used as root-end filling material. Material and Methods: Thirty single-rooted human premolars were subjected to standardized root canal instrumentation and were irrigated with 2.5% Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) after each instrument change. Apical root resections were done by removing 3 mm of the apex at a 90° angle to the long axis of the root with a diamond bur. The root end cavity preparation was done using ultrasonic tips at a low power setting under water coolant. They were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10). Group 1 was irrigated with 7% Maleic acid, Group 2 was irrigated with Irritrol, and Group 3 was irrigated with 0.9% Saline (Control). Then, the root end cavities of all the samples were restored with Biodentine and were subjected to leakage analysis using a glucose filtration test. The mean values for each group were calculated and the obtained data was statistically analysed using ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey's test, ANOVA with post-hoc Games-Howell test and repeated measures ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni test. Results: The specimens irrigated with Irritrol showed least microleakage as compared to 7% Maleic acid and 0.9% Saline. Conclusion: A regimen involving irrigation of the root-end cavity with Irritrol followed by root-end filling with Biodentine can improve the apical seal.

Maternal and fetal indicators of oxidative stress during Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension (PIH).

The present study demonstrates the possibility of increased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in both maternal and fetal erythrocytes as markers of oxygen radical activity during pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). The erythrocyte malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly elevated in mothers with PIH when compared to controls (p<0.001). The endogenous protein damage due to oxidative stress was significantly higher in mothers with PIH when compared to controls (p<0.01). Similarly the proteolytic activity in erythrocyte lysates against oxidatively damaged hemoglobin was significantly increased in mothers with PIH compared to controls (p<0.001). In babies born to mothers with PIH, erythrocyte MDA levels were significantly elevated in comparison those of normal newborns (p<0.01). Both the endogenous oxidative protein damage and erythrocyte proteolytic activity were significantly higher in newborns born to mothers with PIH than in newborns in the control group (p<0.01). The results of this study indicate that oxidative stress is induced both in mothers with PIH as well as their babies which is manifested as increased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidant damage.

Indicators of oxidative stress in thyroid cancer.

Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and the levels of protein thiols and carbonyls were estimated in the blood samples of thyroid cancer patients (n = 20) before and after thyroidectomy, as well as in healthy controls (n = 10) to study the extent of damage caused by tumor tissue proliferation-induced oxidative stress and to ascertain that oxidative stress levels drop, when there was no proliferation. A significant decrease (p<0.001) in the levels of serum protein thiols and FRAP as well as a significant increase (p<0.001) in the levels of protein carbonyls and MPO activity in the blood of thyroid cancer patients before surgery was observed as compared to healthy controls. All the parameters studied also showed a significant difference (p<0.001) in their respective levels in thyroid cancer patients, pre- and post-thyroidectomy. These findings present the role of oxidative stress as a pathological implication of thyroid cancer.