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Abstract Introduction Patients with a history of or active COVID-19 infection are predisposed to the development of opportunist bacterial and fungal infections. A rising incidence of a rare occurring fungal infection earlier, called mucormycosis, has been reported in abundance across the globe since March 2021, especially in India just as the second wave of COVID-19 began, caused by the trifecta of hyperglycemia (new-onset or exacerbation of pre-existing diabetes), oxygen therapy (invasive or noninvasive ventilation), and prolonged intake of steroids. Objective The present study aimed at assessing the prevalence of post-COVID mucormycosis in males of younger age group and spread of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM). Methods A case-control study was performed over a period of 3 months among 60 male patients with confirmed diagnosis of mucormycosis. Individuals < 40 years old were included in the case group (n = 30), while those > 40 years old were included as controls (n = 30). Disease spread was assessed in three types of ROCM, that is, rhinomaxillary, rhino-orbital, and rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis. Results In the control group, the mean age was 48.47 years old, the mean HbA1c was 10.62 ± 1.88%, with most of them suffering from rhino-orbital mucormycosis. In the case group, the mean age was 31.57 years old, with a mean HbA1c of 10.11 ± 2.46%, and most patients had rhinomaxillary mucormycosis. The duration of steroid intake and mode of oxygen therapy were found to be significant in the severity of ROCM. Conclusion Rising cases of post-COVID mucormycosis have brought to light the fatal consequences of prolonged use of steroids and oxygen therapy towards the development and spread of ROCM among young and middle-aged males.
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Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with tubotympanic type of CSOM. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 110 patients at Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Centre Teerthankar Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh over a period of 12 months. Patients clinically diagnosed as tubotympanic type of CSOM were included in this study. Each of these patients was subjected to complete history and thorough ENT examination after taking proper written informed consent. Clinical and laboratory data from the study was recorded as per the pro forma. Results: Analysis of collected data revealed that maximum cases were found to be in the second or third decade. There was a male preponderance with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1.0. Rural patients were more as compared to those from urban background. Of the total 112 ears examined 29 (25.9%) ears had normal hearing while, 71 (63.4%) ears had pure conductive hearing loss, and remaining 12(10.7%) with mixed loss. Medium sized central perforation with anteroinferior and posteroinferior quadrant involvement was most common and was seen in 37.5% ears. Conclusion: The result of the present study and its similarities with a number of published articles state that CSOM is a main source of tremendous health predicament.
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Background: The nasal masses affect different age groups and have the aetiological factors, which are both congenital and acquired. In the present study we have observed Various Types of Masses at Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses and Nasopharynx. Methods: The present study was based on the observation of 100 patients of different age group having chief complaint of fleshy mass in the nasal cavity who were selected from outpatient department. Results: In the study of 100 patients, 49 were children and adolescent, 32 were adult, 17 were middle aged and remaining 2 were elderly. 83.9% of Antrochoanal polyp were found below 20 year age group and 90.9% of ethmoidal polyp were found in above 21 year age group and 9 out of 42 cases of polyp gave history of allergy and 6 (14.3%) cases out of 42 having DNS. Conclusion: Sinonasal polyposis is the most common pathological nasal mass and of these antrochoanal polyp is usually seen in children and adolescent and ethmoidal polyp is common in the middle age group.
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Background: To assess the closure rates and time required for closure traumatic perforation of tympanic membrane using otoendoscopes and compare with existing data. Methods: Seven patients of slap trauma leading to perforation of Pars Tensa of Tympanic Membrane divided into type A with no loss of TM surface area and type B with definite loss of TM surface area. Edge approximation and gel foam reinforcement for type A and gel foam packing and paper patch reinforcement for type B perforation was done. Results: Both groups had better rates of closer and less time required for closure than the reported data. Group A had excellent healing. Conclusion: Using otoendoscopes and intervening in traumatic perforation cases has beneficial effects.