[Evaluation of primary dental occlusion among breastfed children]

Introduction: the impact of different patterns of infant feeding on primary dentition is controversial. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of prolonged breast or bottle feeding on occlusion in primary dentition

Methods: this descriptive-analytical study was performed on 3 16 children aged 4-5 years. Occlusal relationship, overjet, overbite, and cross bite were evaluated by direct observation in sitting position, under natural light. The information on feeding pattern was gathered using a questionnaire completed by mothers. Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA tests were used for statistical analysis

Results: a significant relationship was observed between bottle-feeding and both increased overjet [P-value =0.04] and distal step occlusion [P-value=0.00l]. Neither the duration of breast or bottle-feeding nor the frequency had a significant impact on occlusion

Conclusion: in this study, children who were breastfed showed more normal overjet and mesial step molar relationship

Treatment of bilateral macrostomia [lateral lip cleft]: case report

Macrostomia as a rare facial deformity is classified among facial clefts. It originates from failure in union of maxillary and mandibular prominences of first brachial arch during 7[th] embryonic week. We report a case of bilateral macrostomia [bilateral lip cleft] in a female newborn as a sole entity without other skeletal and facial deformities. The cleft was repaired by a simple linear triangular flap using extra oral landmarks to locate lip commissures. Patient was followed through a six-month period. Acceptable results were gained in mouth appearance as well functional aspects. Commissural repair through a linear flap can result in minimal visible scar with satisfying results in both esthetics and functional aspects

[Comparison of two bonding systems: self etch versus etch and rinse in effectiveness of fissure sealants on newly erupted first permanent molars]

Pit and fissures are the most common affected sites of caries occurance in newly erupted first permanent molars, however effectiveness of sealants are questionable in these teeth, due to difficulties in moisture control. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the impact of two different categories of dentin bonding agents on sealant performance. 56 pairs of sealants [122 teeth] were placed bilaterally and randomly on the occlusal surface of both upper and lower first molars with either dentin bonding agent. With no preparation of the surface, Adper prompt or Excite both were applied as one layer and cured before sealant placement. Caries assessment was performed according to the CCC method [Color, Coverage, Caries] introduced by Deery et al. [2001] at 6-month intervals for 12 months. Partially or totally lost sealants were replaced at each recall visit. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Total etch and Excite were significantly superior in both retention and caries prevention [P=0.0001]. Excite showed a significantly greater retention in the mandible than maxilla [P=0.027], whilst Adpaer prompt showed no difference between the jaws.. Among the teeth whose sealants were lost, progression of caries was greater in the Adper Prompt group. According to findings of this study, application of total-etch and bond is preferred to self-etch adhesives before sealant application in newly erupted first permanent molars