RESUMEN
ABSTRACT Epigenetic modifications might be associated with serum triglycerides (TG) levels. This study aims to systematically review the studies on the relationship between the methylation of specific cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites and serum TG levels. This systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline database (PubMed), Scopus, and Cochrane library up to end of 2020. All observational studies (cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort) were included. Studies that assessed the effect of DNA methylation of different CpG sites of ABCG1, CPT1A, and SREBF1 genes on serum TG levels were selected. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) checklist was used to assess the quality of included articles. Among 2790 articles, ten studies were included in the quantitative analysis and fourteen studies were included in the systematic review. DNA methylation of ABCG1 gene had significant positive association with TG levels (β = 0.05, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.05, P heterogeneity < 0.001). There was significant inverse association between DNA methylation of CPT1A gene and serum TG levels (β = −0.03, 95% CI = −0.03, −0.02, P heterogeneity < 0.001). DNA methylation of SREBF1 gene was positively and significantly associated with serum TG levels (β = 0.03; 95% CI = 0.02-0.04, P heterogeneity < 0.001). DNA methylation of ABCG1 and SREBF1 genes has positive association with serum TG level, whereas this association is opposite for CPT1A gene. The role of epigenetic factors should be considered in some populations with high prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia.
RESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective Body mass index (BMI) and tri-ponderal mass index (TMI) are anthropometric measures to evaluate body adiposity in the various age groups. The present study aims to compare the predictive value of TMI and BMI for metabolic syndrome (Mets) in children and adolescents of both genders. Subjects and methods A cross-sectional study conducted on 3731 Iranian children and adolescents aged 7-18 years obtained from the fifth survey of 'Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Non-communicable Disease' (CASPIAN-V) study. The predictive value of BMI and TMI for MetS were determined using Receiver-operator curves. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between these indices with MetS. Results 52.6% of participants were boys. The mean (standard deviations) age for boys and girls were 12.62 (3.02) and 12.25 (3.05) years, respectively. In boys, the area under the curve (AUC) of TMI was greater than BMI for all age groups. AUC of TMI was also greater than BMI for age group of 11-14 years (AUC = 0.74; 95% CI (0.67, 0.81)) in girls. Furthermore, our findings showed that odds ratio of Mets for TMI was greater than BMI in age groups of 11-14 years (OR = 1.33 vs 1.22) and 15-18 years (1.16 vs 1.15) in girls and boys, respectively. Conclusion TMI and BMI had moderate predictive value for identifying MetS. However, TMI was a better predictor of MetS than BMI in both genders, especially in age groups of 11-14 and 15-19 years for girls and boys.