Helicobacter pylori Infection in Korea

Helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative bacterium that was first isolated in 1982. Since then, H. pylori infection in humans has been shown to be associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric carcinoma, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma as well. The epidemiology, transmission, and pathogenicity of H. pylori has been a subject of intensive study. Successful treatment improves the cure rate of peptic ulcerations and treatment with antimicrobials also decreases the recurrence rate of these diseases. Better regimens having less toxicity and a good eradication rate have also been developed. A better understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms relating to H. pylori induced mucosal damages would result in more options for the prevention of peptic ulcers and carcinogenesis. Korea has a relatively high incidence of H. pylori infection and gastric cancer. Growing interest has developed in view of its importance in being associated with various gastroduodenal diseases. Furthermore, along with a high incidence of H. pylori-related disease in Korea, because the interaction between H. pylori, host factors and environmental factors is important in disease pathogenesis, we need to have precise data on the characteristics of H. pylori-related diseases that occur in Korea. In the present report we review the epidemiology, transmission route, diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment methods and relationship with gastroduodenal diseases with in special references to basic and clinical data that have been published.

A Comparative clinical study of Intussusception with Barium or Surgical Reduction

No abstract available.

Focal Fatty Change of the Liver

Focal fatty change of the liver is a nodular lesion which is a rarely described and poorly characterized entity. The hepatic nodule measured 1.4cm at its maximum diameter, was subcapsular in location and occurred adjacent to the falciform ligament. Microscopically it was composed of hepatic tissue with a preserved lobular architecture. The central venous structures and portal tracts with their triads were regularly placed. The cytoplasm of almost all of the hepatocytes within the nodule was replaced by macrovesicular fat vacuoles with the nuclei displaced. Several large abnormal vessels were found at the margin of the nodule. The nodule was discovered incidentally on postmortem examination of a female infant who proved, at autopsy, to have multiple cardiac anomalies and bronchopneumonia. The possible inadequate local tissue perfusion due to abnormal intrahepatic vessels at this particular location could be augmented by multiple cardiac anomalies culminating in focal ischemia and focal fatty change. When encountered in surgery or on gross examination, it could be confused with other space occupying lesions such as liver cell adenoma, abscess and metastatic lesions.

Statistical Observation for Pediatric Inpatients

No abstract available.

Etiological & Clinical Study for Neonatal Hepatitis & Biliary Atresia

No abstract available.

A Prospective Study of Intrafamilial Spread in Hepatitis B Viral Infection

No abstract available.

Two Cases of Moyamoya Disease

Moyamoya disease is characterised by stenosis or occlusion in the distal portions of the internal carotid artery. There is the associated finding of a fine network of abnormal vessels ('moyamoya' vessels, that is 'puff of smoke' like appearance) in the region of the basal ganglia. We experienced two cases of moyamoya disease which was confirmed by carotid angiogram. Case 1 had complaints of speech disturbance and clonic movement of right leg. Case 2 had been suffered from transitory repetitive paroxysmal hemiplegia. Review of literatures and references on moyamoya disease was done briefly.

Cluster of Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Of 7 cases of Guillain-Barre syndrome reviewed, which was admitted to the Department of Pediatrics Yonsei University, College of Medicine during 3 months period from July through September 1980, serologic surveys for an infectious agent were found to be without demonstrable causes such as cytomegalovirus and measles virus. We reviewed 87 acses of Guillain-Barre syndrome, which was admitted to our hospital during 10 years from January 1970 through December 1979. In age incidence, 57% of patients were under 5 years of age. Males were affected more often than females; the ratio was 2:1. In seasonal incidence, 59% of patients occured in summer time.

Clinical Study of Gastrointestinal perforation in the Newborn

A clinical study was made on 10 neonates with gastrointestinal perforation admitted to the department of pediatrics and surgery of Severance hospital from January, 1965, through Jane, 1978. The following results were obtained; 1) Males predominate (7M : 3F). 2) 7 cases of perforations occur in the first 2 days of life. 3) The most common site of perforations is stomach (3 cases) and terminal lieum (3 cases). The lesion showes inflammation, submucosal hemorrhage, atresia and muscular defect. 4) The clinical picture is abdominal distension developing repidly, cyanosis, vomiting, poor sucking, etc. 5) Abdominal X-rays are diagnostic, Massive pneumoperitoneum is visible in 5 cases. 6) Seven patients in 9 operated neonates died.

Lupus Nephritis: 2 cases report and literature review

Lupus nephritis is one of complication of systemic lupus erythematous involving many organ systems. And the incidence of renal involvement is about 80%. Principal site of renal injury is glomerulus, and immune complex and complements are deposited in mesangium, basement membrane capillary loops of the glomerulus in lupus nephritis. Histopathologically, 4 distinct forms of renal injury may be seen such as minimal form, focal segnemtal proliforative form, membranous form and diffuse proliferative form. The treatment of lupus nephritis requires steroid and immunosuppresive drugs, but the prognosis varies according to the types of renal lesion, and the time of therapy. Recently we had the opportunity to observe 2 cases of lupus nephritis at this hospital whose clinical and histopathological features were consistent with criteria criteria for the disease. Inspite of conservative treatment and steroid therapy, one case died, the other was discharged in grave condition.

A Case of Uhls Anomaly

Congenital hypoplasia of the right ventricular myocardium, also known as parchment heart or Uhl's anomaly, is a rare congenital heart defect. It was first described in Oslers principles and Practice of Medicine in 1905 and reviewed by Segall We found 29 reported cases, but there was no reported case in Korea. Recently, we experienced a case of Uhls anomaly associated with patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, pulmonary atresia and tricuspid abnormality in a 3 month-old infant, which was confirmed by autopsy. We present a case with a brief review of litteratures.

A Clinical Study on Reye Syndrome

This is a clinical study of 33 cases of Reye's syndrome hospitalized at Yonsei Medical Cetner from 1971 through Jun 1976. We observed following results; 1) Among the 33 cases, 6 were diagnosed by liver biopsy, 5 by autopsy and the rest 22 were diagnosed by clinical features and laboratory finding. 2) The sex ratio of male to female was 1.4:1. The majority of patients were under 2 years of age. The yearly incidence was increasing year by year and the seasonal prevalences was from late spring through to fall. 3) The common abnormal clinical features were analyzed ; seizure was noticed in all cases and vomiting, tachypnea, hepatomegaly were noticed in two third of patients. 4) The common abnormal laboratory findings were consisted follow blood sugar below 80mg/dl, SGOT above 40 units, prolongation of prothrombin time longer than fourteen seconds was noticed in 90% of patients. And low CSF sugar level below 40mg/dl was noticed in 90% of patients. In pathologic examination, not only the liver but kidney and brain showed fatty infiltration. 5) The outcome of these patients according to Huttenlocher's classification is getting worse according to the progression of the disease; in stage I two cases were survived without a death, stage II one died in seven, eleven died in fifteen cases of stage III and stage IV nine cases died without survival. Of all motality rate was 63.6%.