RESUMEN
Prosthodontic treatment using dental implants is one of the solutions for partially and completely edentulous patients. The peri-implant area is colonized by a large variety of oral microbial complexes. Various prosthesis may provide means of mechanical attachment to the microflora; this in turn allows their aggregation and colonization. There exists a relationship between the peri-implant microflora, the microbiota on the inner surface of removable superstructures, and the periodontal microflora within the same subject. The microbial leakage around the gap between superstructures and the abutment plays an important role in the bacterial colonization of the internal part of screw retained crowns and bridges. At least 10% implant failures have been suggested to be the result of peri-implantitis. The long term success directly depends on the microbiota around the prosthesis. Proper periodontal infection control before installment of dental implants may prevent early bacterial complications.