RESUMEN
Crude extracts of leaves and bark of E. jambolana were tested for antiviral activity against highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) by CPE reduction assay in three different layouts to elucidate virucidal, post-exposure and pre-exposure antiviral activity of the extracts. The cold and hot aqueous extracts of bark and hot aqueous extract of leaves of E. jambolana showed significant virucidal activity (100% inhibition) which was further confirmed in virus yield reduction assay (~98 to 99% reduction) and by egg based in ovo assay. The selective index (CC50/EC50) of hot aqueous extract (248) and cold aqueous extract (43.5) of bark of E. jambolana showed their antiviral potential against H5N1 virus. The significant virucidal activity of leaves and bark of E. jambolana merits further investigation as it may provide alternative antiviral agent for managing avian influenza infections in poultry farms and potential avian-human transmission.
RESUMEN
The self-control study on thirty normal subjects of both genders (mean age 25.83±3.41 years) were taken in a self control study group and were tested for three types of Nostril breathing practices and Breath Awareness (BA) effects. Namely verbal recall performance of numerical data such as Digit Span Forward (DSF) and Digit Span Backward (DSB) as well associate learning memory function using Wechsler Memory Scale. The interventions included Right Nostril Breathing (RNB), Left Nostril Breathing (LNB), Alternate Nostril Breathing (ANB) and Breathe Awareness for duration of 30 minutes daily, four consecutive days. The Repeated Measure ANOVA analysis revealed a significant increase in both DSF and DSB recall performance due to RNB at P<0.001 level and increased DSB score due to ANB at P<0.014 level with a non- significant increase due to LNB suggests that the RNB facilitates both DSF and DBF recall performance. However, the LNB effect on left hemisphere helps to restore the memory function of right hemisphere. This study concludes that the RNB enhances numerical data retrieval mostly as a result of left brain activation.
RESUMEN
Relaxation potential of yogic exercises seems to play a vital role in establishing psycho-physical health in reversing the psycho-immunology of emotions under stress based on breath and body awareness. However, mechanism of yogic exercises for restoring health and fitness components operating through psycho-neuro-immunological pathways is unknown. Therefore, a hybrid model of human information processing-psychoneuroendocrine (HIP-PNE) network has been proposed to reveal the importance of yogic information processing. This study focuses on two major pathways of information processing involving cortical and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (HP A) interactions with a deep reach molecular action on cellular, neuro-humoral and immune system in reversing stress mediated diseases. Further, the proposed HIP-PNE model has ample of experimental potential for objective evaluation of yogic view of health and fitness.