RESUMEN
Abstract Objective To determine the modifiable risk factors associated with severity of plantar fasciitis and to formulate an objective scoring system for indexing plantar fasciitis in the non-athletic population. Methods This was a prospective observational study. The main outcome measure was the association of a modifiable risk factor, which was measured with the Pearson coefficient (R-value) and the level of significance, which was kept as p < 0.05. Result In a sample size of 50 patients, the body mass index (BMI) and ill-cushioned shoes were found to be significantly associated with pain in plantar fasciitis. All the other risk factors were either non-modifiable or had no significant association. Conclusion Based on available data and further interpretation, an index was be formulated, named as Ranjeet-Kunal Index for Scoring Plantar fasciitis (RKISP), which can be successfully used for not only grading plantar fasciitis but also prognosticating the conservative management of the same, thus deciding the modality of treatment.
Resumo Objetivo Determinar os fatores de risco modificáveis associados à gravidade da fasciíte plantar e formular um sistema objetivo de pontuação para indexação da doença na população não atlética. Métodos Estudo observacional prospectivo. A principal medida de desfecho foi a associação de um fator de risco modificável, mensurada pelo valor de R (coeficiente de Pearson) e pelo nível de significância de p < 0,05. Resultados Em uma amostra de 50 pacientes, o índice de massa corporal (IMC) e calçados com amortecimento inadequado foram associados de maneira significativa à dor na fasciíte plantar. Todos os demais fatores de risco eram não modificáveis ou não apresentaram associação significativa. Conclusão Com base nos dados à disposição e sua interpretação, um índice, denominado Índice de Ranjeet-Kunal de Pontuação da Fasciíte Plantar (RKISP, em inglês) , foi formulado e utilizado com sucesso não apenas na classificação da fasciíte plantar, mas também na determinação do prognóstico de seu tratamento conservativo, auxiliando a escolha da modalidade terapêutica.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Factores de Riesgo , Fascitis Plantar , Dolor Crónico , Tratamiento ConservadorRESUMEN
Background: Adiposity and hypertensive states are major burden for community. It causes many health-related issues, including problems related to respiratory system. It is proposed that pulmonary functions can be affected in obese hypertensive and obese normotensive adults compared to non-obese normotensive adults. The objective of the study was to find out the effect of adiposity and hypertensive states on the airway dynamics.Methods: About 30 male obese normotensives and 30 male obese hypertensive subjects were selected as study participants. 30 age-controlled non-obese, normotensive males were selected as controls. All participants were in the age group of 40 to 60 years. The pulmonary functions measured were FVC, FEV1, FEV1% and PEFR. All the participants performed 3 attempts of spirometry and maximum among the three recordings were used for analysis. ANOVA followed by Post hoc analysis to find out any significant differences between these groups. Spearman’s rank correlation was used.Results: There was a statistically significant differences in BMI between the group I and group II and III. There was a significant difference in SBP and DBP between obese normotensive (group II) and obese hypertensive (group III) subjects. There were significant decline in % predicted values of PFT parameters, on comparing obese normotensive and obese hypertensive when compared to non-obese normotensive participants. There were statistically significant negative correlations between age and FEV1 as well as BMI and PEFR.Conclusions: There was a significant decrease the pulmonary functions in obese normotensive and obese hypertensive adults in comparison to non-obese normotensive adults. It can be concluded that body weight and adiposity as well as high blood pressure creates deleterious effect on airway dynamics.