[Evaluation of the efficacy of random urine analysis with urinary tape for the determination of proteinuria and its comparison with 24-hours urine collection in gestational hypertension]

Postoperative nausea and vomiting [PONV] is among the most common complications after anesthesia. This study aimed to compare pre-induction use of placebo and dexamethasone on decreasing the incidence of nausea and vomiting after thyroidectomy in a group of Iranian women. In this double-blind clinical trial, 42 patients undergoing thyroidectomy were randomly divided into two groups of equal size. Before the induction of anesthesia, normal saline was injected in placebo [P] group while 10mg dexamethasone was administered for the case group. The incidence of nausea and vomiting was recorded in recovery room, and during the first 24 hours following the surgery. The incidence of nausea and vomiting showed a statistically significant decrease in patients receiving dexamethasone [p < 0.0001]. Use of 10mg dexamethasone before the induction of anesthesia may remarkably decrease the incidence of PONV, and is recommended for high risk groups especially in outpatient surgeries

Maternal and Fetal outcomes following open heart surgery during pregnancy

This study is aimed at evaluation fetal and maternal outcome in pregnant women with heart disease candidate for open heart surgery. In this study we evaluated adverse complications in 14 pregnant women underwent open heart surgery during three years period. Variable parameters were: age, parity; gestational age, history of cardiac surgery and medications, cardiac complications during pregnancy surgical indications of cardiac disease, fetal and maternal mortality and related complications. Mean age and gestational age were 38.4 years and 17.28 weeks respectively. Most of the patients were multiparous [71.42%] and in functional NYHA class III or IV [85.70%]. During pregnancy 71.43 percent of patients showed signs and symptoms of CHF and 64.28 percent of them had atrial fibrillation. All patients underwent emergent open heart surgery. Maternal and fetal mortality following surgery were 35.71 and 78/57 percent respectively. Cardiac Surgery during pregnancy were accompanied with high fetal and maternal mortality. Such pregnancies need to be managed by a team including obstetrician, cardiologist, anesthetist and cardiac surgeon. For best result, it is better to postpone surgery whenever possible and surgery is performed only when it was indicated. The present study demonstrates that emergency surgery, poor NYHA class, Atrial Fibrilation, unstable heart disease, poor economical cultural conditions will result in adverse outcome in mother and fetus following cardiac surgery

[Relationship between number of antral follicle and ovarian volume and responsivness to induction ovulation]

Unresponsiveness of ovaries to different ovulation induction protocols is a major problem in infertility treatment. Recently antral follicle count and ovarian volume have been suggested to predict ovarian response. Objective of this study is to verify the correlation of ovarian responsiveness with ovarian volume or antral follicle count. In this prospective cohort study, 112 infertile patients with 115 IUl induction ovulation cycles were enrolled. All of the patients had their basal FSH measured and an estimation of ovarian volume and antral follicle number count was performed by transvaginal ultrasonography on day 3 of cycle. They were divided into four groups according to ovulation induction protocols. The observation of one or more follicle >/= 16mm during the treatment was interpreted as a positive response. There was a direct linear correlation between average of ovarian volume and antral follicle number, and these two parameters were inversely correlated with age. Considering FSH, there was an inverse correlation with antral follicle count, but no correlation with ovarian volume. Among the different protocols, in HMG group these two parameters correlated directly with ovarian responsiveness. In HMG group, using chi-square for trends, an antral follicle count less than 5 and / or ovarian diameter less than 20mm was associated with cycle cancellation. Therefore, transvaginal ultrasound, measurment of ovarian volume and basal follicle numbers on day 3 of cycle prior to starting gonadotropins adminastration can help to predict the patient's response