RESUMEN
Nursing is a stressful occupation. Stress has many effects on health and well-being of nurses. The experience of work-related stress generally quality of nurse-working lives, increases minor psychiatric detracts from the morbidity and may contribute to some forms of physical and social illness. The aim of this study was to determine physical, spiritual, and social stress-related symptoms in health care providers working at Jahrom hospitals. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to determine the physical, spiritual, and social stress-related symptoms in nurses and midwiferies. The sample consisted of 246 Nurses, Midwifers, Technicians, and diploma holders among nursing personnel. Data were collected by a two part questionnaire which assessed demographic and 55 questions about stress-related symptoms. Data was analyzed by SPSS software. Physical stress related symptoms were [5.461+4.09], spiritual stress-related symptoms were [2.200+2.2] and social stress-related symptoms were [2.373+2.343]. The highest level of stress related symptoms were observed among the members faculty who worked 4-6 shift per week, worked in screen ward, the surgical, medical, operating, and obstetric wards, there were higher level of symptom in married than singles, in women rather than men, and in young faculty rather than the older. The omst sommon findings of physical stress test were sleep disorders [74%], spiritual stress fear of death [44,5%], and social stresses was lack of true understanding about their family. The results of this study indicate that there are many type of stress-related symptoms in nurses. Therefore appropriate interventions are demanded for recognition and applying measures to prevent, control, and decrease stresses are ecumenical Using the methods of reducing stress will improve the attitude of nurses to wards their jobs and will reduce the illnesses and absences from their works and will increase the quality of patient care
RESUMEN
Background: Thalassemia is a common hereditary disease with a high prevalence rate in Iran. The most ideal treatment of thalassemia major is bone marrow transplantation. The aim of this study was to assess the liver function of thalassemia major patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation
Patients and Methods: Liver function test and complete blood count were assessed during a 12-month period in 43 patients with thalassemia major who had undergone bone marrow transplantation. Data were analyzed using t tests and analysis of variance
Results: The majority of cases were between 5 to 15 years with an equal sex distribution and had a hemoglobin level of less than 7 mg/dL with regular desferal injections. In most of the cases, desferal injection had started between the ages of one to four years. The age in which blood transfusion was initiated was under the age of one year. Most of the cases had iron deposition in the liver and negative serum hepatitis B surface antigen. In classes II and III, there was a statistically significant relationship between liver enzyme changes in pre and post-transplantation period [p<0.05]. Increase in the level of liver enzymes in class II and III patients were also found [p<0.05]. However, protein and albumin were within normal ranges. Total and direct bilirubin levels showed great variation but were within normal range. The hemoglobin, platelet and white blood cells decreased in early post- transplantation months then increased to reach a normal level
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that changes in the liver function after bone marrow transplantation are directly related to liver function before bone marrow transplantation. Unfortunately, if there is more iron deposition in the liver before transplantation, more liver damage will be unavoidable after bone marrow transplantation. Therefore, bone marrow transplantation as a treatment for thalassemia major is not indicated in patients with end stage liver disease or in patients with class II or III liver function unless concomitant bone marrow and liver transplantations can be performed