[General self-efficacy and associated factors among elderly residents of nursing home]

Introduction: Elderly people encounter with multiple disabilities, stress, anxiety and challenges, which effect on their quality of life. Self-efficacy may encourage them to improve self-care activities, challenges, life satisfaction and quality of their life

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate general self-efficacy and the related factors among elderly in residential home

Methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 87 elderly who lives in Charmahal o Bakhtiyari rest-home nursing were recruited by census. The data were collected with General Self-Efficacy Scale [GSE-10] and then analyzed using independent t-test, ANOVA and regression test

Results: The mean score of the general self-efficacy was 22.95 +/- 8.02 [from 10 - 40 score] indicating that most of the participants [69%] had low level of self-efficacy [under 25 score]. General self-efficacy was associated with age, gender, educational level and satisfaction of rest-home nursing [P<0.01], but the relationship between self-efficacy, marital status and duration of living residential home nursing was not statistically significant [P>0.05]. Moreover, general self- efficacy was mostly related with sex [beta=-0.541, P=0.0001]

Conclusion: The present study provided useful information about self-efficacy and its related factors among elderly living residential home. This information can be used for designing and performing appropriate nursing interventions to promote elderly general self-efficacy

[Relationship between self-efficacy and quality of life in ostomates]

Physical, psychological and social problem along with significant changes in life style, diminish stoma patients quality of life. At the meanwhile self-efficacy can improve these patients' quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between self-efficacy and quality of life in Ostomates. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 84 Ostomates who referred to selected educational centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Iranian Ostomy Society [IOS] were recruited by census. The data were collected with City of Hope Quality of Life-Ostomy Questionnaire [COH-QOL] and Stoma Self-efficacy Scale [Stoma SE Scale] and then analyzed using independent t-test, analysis of variance and regression analysis by SPSS-PC [v. 15]. The half of patients, achieved 50-75% of overall self-efficacy score [84-112]. The mean score of stoma care-self-efficacy [55.8 +/- 11.6] was more than the mean score of social-self-efficacy [42.1 +/- 13.2]. Moreover, most of patients were scored 7[of 10] and above for overall quality of life and its dimensions. The mean range of quality of life scores in different domains varied from 6 +/- 2 for social dimension to 7 +/- 1.5 for physical dimension. A significant positive association were found between self-efficacy and physical [P=0.00, r=0.485] psychological [P=0.00, r=0.655], social [P=0.000, r=0.694] and spiritual [P=0.00, r=0.393] dimensions and also with overall quality of life [P=0.00, r=0.687]. Also the highest correlation was found between quality of life and social self-efficacy subscale [beta=0.695, P=0.000]. With regard to the significant correlation between self-efficacy and different dimensions of Ostomates' quality of life in this study, it is suggested that nurses design and execute appropriate interventions to promote these patients' self-efficacy, especially in social dimension which had the highest association with their quality of life and in this way help to improve these patients' quality of life

[Self-efficacy and the related factors in ostomates]

Stoma surgery is one of the events that strongly influences individual life and causes major changes in life style. Self-efficacy as a personal coping resource can facilitate adaptation with these changes. So the aim of this study was to assess self-efficacy and the related factors in ostomates. It was a cross-sectional study. Eighty four patients with ostomy who were referred to selected educational centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Iranian Ostomy Association [IOA] were selected through convenience sampling. The data were collected using personal information form and Stoma Self-Efficacy Scale [Stoma SE Scale]. Data was analyzed by SPSS 15 using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA and regression analysis. Half of the participants gained at least half of the overall self-efficacy scores. The mean score of social self-efficacy was lower than the mean score of stoma care self-efficacy. Self-efficacy was associated with marital status, stoma status and stoma duration [P<0.05] but the relationship between self-efficacy and age, gender, educational level, type of stoma and reason of stoma was not statistically significant. The Present study provided useful information about self-efficacy and its related factors in stoma patients. This information can be used for designing and performing appropriate nursing interventions to promote these patients' self-efficacy, especially in the social dimension which is weaker in most ostomates