Adrenal cavernous hemangioma: A case report and literature review / 北京大学学报(医学版)

A 57-year-old male patient was referred to our department with complaints of his right adrenal gland occupancy and hypertension about 6 months. When admitted to the hospital, the blood pressure was about 160/100 mmHg, and the heart rate was 110 beats/min. He was no obvious obesity, acne, abnormal mood, without weakness of limbs, acral numbness, palpitation and headache. He presented with type 2 diabetes for more than 3 years, with oral administration of metformin enteric coated tablets and subcutaneous injection of insulin glargine to control blood glucose, and satisfied with blood glucose control. Enhanced CT showed that: the right adrenal gland showed a kind of oval isodense, slightly hypodense shadow, the edge was clear, lobular change, the size was about 5.8 cm×5.4 cm, uneven density, there were nodular and strip calcification, round lipid containing area and strip low density area, and the CT value of solid part was about 34 HU. Enhanced scan showed heterogeneous nodular enhancement in the solid part of the right adrenal gland, nodular enhancement could be seen inside. The CT values of solid part in arterial phase, venous phase and delayed phase were 45 HU, 50 HU and 81 HU, respectively. Considering from the right adrenal gland, cortical cancer was more likely. No obvious abnormality was found in his endocrine examination. After adequate preoperative preparation, retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed under general anesthesia. During the operation, the 6 cm adrenal tumor was closely related to the inferior vena cava and liver, and after careful separation, the tumor was completely removed and normal adrenal tissue was preserved. The operation lasted 180 min and the blood loss was 100 mL, and the blood pressure was stable during and after the operation. There was no obvious complication. The results of pathological examinations were as follows: the size of the tumor was 7.5 cm×6.0 cm×3.5 cm, soft, with intact capsule and grayish-red cystic in section. Pathological diagnosis: (right adrenal gland) cavernous hemangioma, secondary intravascular thrombosis, old hemorrhagic infarction with calcification and ossification. After 6 months of observation, no obvious complications and tumor recurrence were found. In summary, cavernous hemangioma of adrenal gland is a rare histopathological change. Its essence is a malformed vascular mass. Blood retention is the cause of thrombosis and calcification in malformed vessels. The imaging findings were inhomogeneous enhancement of soft tissue masses, and the adrenal function examination showed no obvious abnormalities. Retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery is feasible after adequate preoperative preparation. It is difficult to diagnose the disease preoperatively and needs to be confirmed by postoperative pathology.

Characteristic spectrum and decoction process of classical prescription Qingwei San / 中国中药杂志

In this experiment, by determination of the HPLC characteristic spectrum of the classical prescription Qingwei San decoction, the contents of isoferulic acid, palmatine and paeonol in Qingwei San decoction and the extraction rate were investigated. The factors such as the crushing degree of decoction pieces, the amount of decocting water, the decocting time, the filter material and the decocting container involved in Qingwei San decoction process were examined to make a detailed comparison of Qingwei San's decoction processes during the development.HPLC characteristic spectrum method of Qingwei San was established, and then the decoction process parameters of Qingwei San were optimized, with the similarity of characteristic spectrum, the concentration of the index components and the extraction rate as indexes. The decoction process of Qingwei San was determined as follows: Qingwei San decoction pieces were weighed according to the prescription amount and pulverized into the most coarse powder; the powder was put in a ceramic pot, added with 225 mL water, heated to boiling, cooked for 50 minutes with gentle heat(100 W), and filtered with a layer of 300 mesh nylon cloth.The similarity of Qingwei San's characteristics pectrum of different decoction methods was all above 0.9, and the concentration of isoferulic acid, palmatine and paeonol in Qingwei San under determined decoction process was 40.74, 26.73, 65.73 μg·mL~(-1), respectively, with an extraction rate of 33.80%.The characteristic spectrum determined in this experiment can better express the information and index components of Qingwei San, and if combined with the extraction rate information, it can provide the general information, index component content and extraction information. The decoction process after detailed investigation can better reflect the quality of Qingwei San decoction, with easier control and operation. It can provide a basis for the subsequent research and development of Qingwei San decoction standard, and can also provide experimental basis and reference for the decoction process research of other classical prescriptions.

Analysis on quality value transmitting of substance benchmarks of Linggui Zhugan Decoction / 中国中药杂志

By preparing 10 batches of the material reference of Linggui Zhugan Decoction,the methodology of the characteristic spectrum of the material reference was created. The creaming rate range,the contents and the transfer rate range of cinnamaldehyde,glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhizic acid,the characteristic peaks and the similarity range of the characteristic spectrum of Linggui Zhugan Decoction were determined to clarify key quality attributes of the material reference of Linggui Zhugan Decoction. In the 10 batches of the material reference of Linggui Zhugan Decoction,the similarity of characteristic spectrum was higher than 0. 9. Furthermore,after summarizing the characteristic peak information,we knew that Fuling had two characteristic peaks,Guizhi had six characteristic peaks,Baizhu had two characteristic peaks and Gancao had 11 characteristic peaks. The average creaming rate of the material reference of the ten batches was( 12. 13 ± 0. 35) %. The average content of cinnamaldehyde was 0. 32%,the average transfer rate was 10. 69%,the content of cinnamaldehyde in the different batches was between 0. 22% and 0. 42%,and the transfer rate was between 7. 48% and13. 90%. The average content of glycyrrhizin was 0. 84%,the average transfer rate was 50. 39%,the content of glycyrrhizin in the different batches was between 0. 42% and 1. 26%,and the transfer rate was between 35. 27% and 65. 51%. The average content of glycyrrhizic was 1. 88%,the average transfer rate was 40. 74%,the content of glycyrrhizic in the different batches was between 0. 94% and2. 82%,and the transfer rate was between 28. 52% and 52. 96%. In this paper,the quality value transmitting of substance benchmarks of Linggui Zhugan Decoction was analyzed by the combination of characteristic spectrum,creaming rate and the content of index component. A scientific and stable method was preliminarily established,which provided scientific basis for the quality control and formulation development of Linggui Zhugan Decoction.

Clinical analysis of the polymorphism of clopidogrel and aspirin-related genes / 临床神经病学杂志

Objective To analyse the polymorphisms of CYP2C19,GPⅢa,PTGS1,GP1BA genes.Methods The basic information of 159 patients in the department of neurology of our hospital during January 2017 to November 2017 was collected. CYP2C19、GPⅢa、PTGS1、GP1BA genes were detected. Results The average age of the patients was (65.32 +12.71)years old,including 112 men (70.4%)and 47 female (29.6%). As for the CYP2C19*2G681Apolymorphism,there were 58 GG-genotype carriers,82 GA-genotype carriers and 19 AC-genotype carriers. For the CYP2C19*3G636Apolymorphism,there were 141 GG-genotype carriers and 18 GA-genotype carriers,for the CYP2C19*17C806Tpolymorphism,there were 155 CC-genotype carriers and 4 CT-genotype carriers. For the GPⅢa polymorphism,the TT genotype had 157 carriers,and the TC genotype had two carriers. For the PTGS1 polymorphism,there were 159 AA-genotype carriers.For the GP1BA polymorphism,the CC genotype had 136 carriers and the CT genotype had 23 carriers. The distribution of genotypes fitted the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for all the polymorphisms,except those of PTGS1.Phenotypes:there were 2 clopidogrel ultra metabolizer (1.3%),47 extensive metabolizer (29.6%),82 intermediate metabolizer (51.6%),and 28 poormetabolizer (17.6%). For aspirin,2 resistance (1.3%)and 157 sensitive (98.7%).Conclusion Clopidogrel poor metabolizer is significantly higher than aspirin resistance.

Chemical constituents from flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum / 中草药

Objective To study chemical constituents from the flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum. Methods The chemical constituents of C. indicum were isolated and purified by various chromatographic techniques, including thin-layer chromatography, silica gel, ODS reversed-phase silica gel, and Sephadex LH-20 for column chromatography, and their structures were identified by NMR spectral analysis. Results Fourteen compounds were isolated and identified as stigmata-4-ene-3-one (1), calenduladiol-3β-O- palmitate (2), 16β,22α-dihydroxypseudotaraxasterol-3β-O-palmitate (3), α-amyrin (4), urs-12-ene-3β,16β-diol (5), 3β-hydroxyurs- 12-ene-11-one (6), arnidiol (7), maniladiol (8), 3β-hydroxyolean-12-ene-11-one (9), luteolin (10), apigenin (11), apigenin-7,4’- dimethyl ether (12), genkwanin (13), and 1-linoleic acid glycerate (14). Conclusion Compounds 1-6, 10-12, and 14 are isolated from the flowers of C. indicum for the first time.

Advances in application of aqueous two-phase system in separation and purification of active constituents from Chinese materia medica / 中草药

Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) is a new liquid-liquid fractionation technique that has been extensively applied in the separation and purification of natural products including proteins, genetic material, bionanoparticles, cells, and secondary metabolites. Advantages of the technique include scale-up potential, continuous operation, ease of process integration, low toxicity, etc. This paper reviewed the applications in separation and purification of the active constituents from Chinese materia medica (CMM) in recent five years, so as to promote the development of separation of the active constituents in CMM.