A consensus on the management of allergy in kindergartens and primary schools / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#Allergic diseases can occur in all systems of the body, covering the whole life cycle, from children to adults and to old age, can be lifelong onset and even fatal in severe cases. Children account for the largest proportion of the victims of allergic disease, Children s allergies start from scratch, ranging from mild to severe, from less to more, from single to multiple systems and systemic performance, so the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children is of great importance, which can not only prevent high risk allergic conditions from developing into allergic diseases, but also further block the process of allergy. At present, there is no consensus on the management system of allergic children in kindergartens and primary schools. The "Consensus on Allergy Management and Prevention in Kindergartens and Primary Schools", which includes the organizational structure, system construction and management of allergic children, provides evidence informed recommendations for the long term comprehensive management of allergic children in kindergartens and primary schools, and provides a basis for the establishment of the prevention system for allergic children.

Development and verification of high performance liquid chromatography for determination of residual 4-dimethylaminopyridine content in pneumococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine / 中国生物制品学杂志

@#Objective To develop and verify a high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) for determination of residual 4-dimethylamino-pyridine(DMAP)content in pneumococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine.Methods A HPLC method for determination of residual DMAP content in pneumococcal polysaccharide-CRM197 protein conjugate vaccine was developed by optimization of type of chromatographic column and composition of mobile phase,verified for specificity,accuracy,repeatability and reproducibility,and determined for limit of detection(LOD),limit of quantitation(LOQ)and linear range.The residual DMAP contents in pneumococcal polysaccharide-CRM197 protein conjugate vaccine of 13 serotypes and the intermediates of 1-cyano-4-dimethylamino pyridinium tetrafluoroborate(CDAP)-activated pneumococcal polysaccharide were determined by the developed method.Results The condition for HPLC was optimized as follows:Sepax HP-C18 chromatographic column(5 μm,4.6 mm × 250 mm)was adopted,using the mixture of 5 mmol/L sodium heptanesulfonate containing 20 mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate(the pH value was adjusted to 3.0 with phosphoric acid)and acetonitrile at a ratio of 87∶13(v/v)as mobile phase at a detection wavelength of 280 nm,a flow rate of 1 mL/min,a sample load of 10 μL and a column temperature of 35 ℃.The mechanism of samples and solvent for pre-treatment showed no interference to the determination result,indicating good specificity of the developed method.The LOD and LOQ were 3.6 and 14.4 ng/mL respectively,while the linear range was 0.05 ～ 10 μg/mL with a R2value of0.999 9.The spike recovery rate was 83% ～ 105%,while the RSDs in repeatability and reproducibility tests were 0.28% ～0.72% and 7.38% respectively.The residual DMAP contents in pneumococcal polysaccharide-CRM197 protein conjugate vaccine of 13 serotypes were 0.135 ～ 1.635 μg/mL.DMAP was detected in the first step of activation of pneumococcal polysaccharide with CDAP,while no CDAP was detected.Conclusion The developed HPLC method is simple,specific,accurate,repeatable and reproducible,which is effective for quality control of pneumococcal polysac-charide-protein conjugate vaccine.

Remote ischemic preconditioning-induced late cardioprotection: possible role of melatonin-mitoKATP-H2S signaling pathway

Purpose: Remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) confers cardioprotection against ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. However, the precise mechanisms involved in RIPC-induced cardioprotection are not fully explored. The present study was aimed to identify the role of melatonin in RIPC-induced late cardioprotective effects in rats and to explore the role of H2 S, TNF-α and mitoKATP in melatoninmediated effects in RIPC. Methods: Wistar rats were subjected to RIPC in which hind limb was subjected to four alternate cycles of ischemia and reperfusion of 5 min duration by using a neonatal blood pressure cuff. After 24 h of RIPC or ramelteon-induced pharmacological preconditioning, hearts were isolated and subjected to IR injury on the Langendorff apparatus. Results: RIPC and ramelteon preconditioning protected the hearts from IR injury and it was assessed by a decrease in LDH-1, cTnT and increase in left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP). RIPC increased the melatonin levels (in plasma), H2 S (in heart) and decreased TNF-α levels. The effects of RIPC were abolished in the presence of melatonin receptor blocker (luzindole), ganglionic blocker (hexamethonium) and mitochondrial KATP blocker (5-hydroxydecanoic acid). Conclusion: RIPC produce delayed cardioprotection against IR injury through the activation of neuronal pathway, which may increase the plasma melatonin levels to activate the cardioprotective signaling pathway involving the opening of mitochondrial KATP channels, decrease in TNF-α production and increase in H2 S levels. Ramelteon-induced pharmacological preconditioning may also activate the cardioprotective signaling pathway involving the opening of mitochondrial KATP channels, decrease in TNF-α production and increase in H2 S levels.

Association between circadian rhythm disorder with depressive and anxiety symptoms of college students in Jinzhou City / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the association between circadian rhythm with depressive and anxiety symptoms of college students in Jinzhou City, to provide a theoretical basis for targeted depression and anxiety prevention among college students.@*Methods@#A total of 1 938 college students were selected by convenient sampling method from November to December 2020 for questionnaire survey. The relationship between circadian rhythm and depression and anxiety symptoms was analyzed by using questionnaire,survey including Self Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ).@*Results@#There were significant differences in the distribution of depressive symptoms in different majors, smoking, drinking and physical exercise ( χ 2=46.80, 5.88, 5.76, 12.23, P <0.05). There were significant differences in the distribution of anxiety symptoms in different majors, smoking and drinking ( χ 2=9.41, 5.80, 5.56, P <0.05). Stratified analysis showed that the depressive symptoms of different chronotype were statistically varied by age, gender, professional, grade, registered residence, body mass index, smoking, drinking, and sports( χ 2=8.16, 14.42, 12.25, 6.19, 10.99, 15.29, 17.41, 15.63, 7.47, 9.59, 10.51 , P <0.05). The anxiety symptoms of different chronotype were statistically different in age (21 years) and smoking (no), ( χ 2= 8.34 , 7.16, P <0.05). Spearman rank correlation showed that the corrected Mid sleep on Free Days Corrected for Sleep Debt on Work Days (MSFsc) was positively correlated with the standard scores of depression and anxiety ( r s=0.10, 0.09), and social jet lag was positively correlated with the standard scores of depression and anxiety ( r s=0.09, 0.05)( P <0.05). After controlling for age, major, smoking and drinking, binary Logistic regression showed that mean sleep length was inversely correlated with depressive symptoms ( OR =0.82), and weekly insomnia frequency was positively correlated with depressive symptoms ( OR=1.14 ).Early type and intermediate type of chronotypes were negatively correlated with depression ( OR =0.66,0.57). Intermediate type of chronotype was negatively correlated with anxiety symptoms ( OR =0.65).@*Conclusion@#Circadian rhythm is related to depressive and anxiety symptoms,among which the average sleep length, early rise and intermediate sleep patterns are negatively related to depression symptoms, and intermediate sleep patterns and anxiety symptoms, suggesting that circadian rhythm disorder may affect depression and anxiety symptoms.

Occupational stress, burnout, and coping styles among medical staff from a tertiary first-class hospital in Hubei Province / 预防医学

Objective @#To investigate the status of occupational stress, burnout, and coping styles, and to explore the moderating effects of coping styles on the relationship between occupational stress and burnout among medical staff from one tertiary first-class hospital in Hubei Province, in order to provide the basis for mental health promotion of medical staff. @*Methods@#From June to October in 2020, using stratified cluster sampling, doctors, nurses, and medical or pharmaceutical technicians on the ratio of 2∶2∶1 were selected from the tertiary first-class hospital. Chinese version of Burnout Questionnaire, Core Occupational Stress Scale (COSS) and Trait Coping Style Questionnaire were used to investigate the levels of burnout, occupational stress and coping styles. A linear stratified regression model was used to analyze the moderating effect of coping styles on the relationship between occupational stress and burnout. @*Results@#Among 735 questionnaires issued, 679 valid ones were collected, with the response rate of 92.38%. The age of the respondents was ( 34.29±8.20 ) years old. There were 165 ( 24.30% ) males and 514 ( 75.70% ) females, including 241 ( 35.49% ) doctors, 358 ( 52.72% ) nurses and 80 (11.78%) medical or pharmaceutical technicians. The burnout score was 2.29±1.11 , and the positive rate of burnout was 44.33%; the COSS score was 47.32±8.31; the positive and negative coping style scores were 30.64±6.06 and 26.81±6.26, respectively. The linear stratified regression analysis suggested that the interactions between social support ( β=0.590, P<0.05 ), organization and reward ( β=0.523, P<0.05 ), and positive coping style were positively associated with burnout, and the interaction between organization and reward (β=-0.666, P<0.05) and negative coping style was negatively associated with burnout. @*Conclusions@#About 44.33% of medical staff investigated have burnout. Coping styles have a moderating effect on the relationship between occupational stress and burnout. Positive coping style helps to perceive social support and organizational support, to alleviate the adverse effects of occupational stress, and to reduce the risk of burnout.

Insulin use and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Abstract Objective: To describe insulin use and postoperative glucose control in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Methods: We examined 2,390 patients with and without diabetes enrolled in the Contemporary Analysis of Perioperative Cardiovascular Surgical Care (CAPS-Care) Study who underwent CABG surgery (01/2004 - 06/2005) to describe postoperative insulin use, variation in insulin use across different hospitals, and associated in-hospital complications and clinical outcomes. Logistic regression was used to assess the adjusted relationship between insulin use and clinical outcomes. Results: Overall, insulin was used in 82% (n=1,959) of patients, including 95% (n=1,203) with diabetes (n=1,258) and 67% (n=756) without diabetes (n=1,132). Continuous insulin was used in 35.5% of patients in the operating room and in 56% in the intensive care unit. Continuous insulin use varied significantly among centers from 8-100% in patients with diabetes. When compared with all patients not receiving insulin, insulin use in patients without diabetes was associated with a higher rate of death or major complication (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15-2.04; P=0.003). In patients with diabetes, insulin use was not associated with a higher risk of adverse outcomes (adjusted OR=1.01; 95% CI 0.52-1.98; P=0.98). Conclusion: The postoperative use of insulin is high among CABG patients in the United States of America. Insulin use in patients without diabetes was associated with worse clinical outcomes compared to patients (both with and without diabetes) who did not receive insulin. Further investigation is needed to determine the optimal use of postoperative insulin after CABG.

Clinical effect of functional chewing training in treatment of oral motor dysfunction in children with cerebral palsy: a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effect of functional chewing training (FuCT) on masticatory function, the severity of tongue thrust, and the severity and frequency of drooling in children with cerebral palsy.@*METHODS@#A prospective study was performed for 48 children who were diagnosed with oral motor dysfunction from January 2019 to January 2020, and they were randomly divided into an FuCT group and an oral motor training group, with 24 children in each group. Both groups received FuCT or oral motor training for 12 weeks, and then they were evaluated in terms of the changes in the masticatory function, the severity of tongue thrust, and the severity and frequency of drooling.@*RESULTS@#There were no significant differences between the two groups in the masticatory function, the severity of tongue thrust, and the severity and frequency of drooling before treatment (P>0.05). After the 12-week training, the FuCT group showed significant improvements in the masticatory function and the severity of tongue thrust and drooling (P0.05), while the oral motor training group had no improvements in the masticatory function, the severity of tongue thrust, and the severity and frequency of drooling (P>0.05). After the 12-week training, the FuCT group had more significantly improvements in the severity of tongue thrust and the severity and frequency of drooling than the oral motor training group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#FuCT can effectively improve the masticatory function, the severity of tongue thrust, and the severity and frequency of drooling in children with cerebral palsy.

Network Meta-analysis of Yiqi Huoxue Chinese patent medicine for coronary heart disease with angina pectoris / 中国中药杂志

To assess the clinical efficacy of Yiqi Huoxue Chinese patent medicine for coronary heart disease with angina pectoris by using network Meta-analysis method. The relative randomized controlled trials( RCTs) of Yiqi Huoxue Chinese patent medicine for coronary heart disease with angina pectoris were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure( CNKI),Wan Fang,VIP and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database( CBM) in July 2018. Two researchers independently completed the literature screening,data extraction and quality evaluation according to the pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the results were cross-checked.The data were analyzed by Win Bugs,and STATA software was used for plotting. Finally,114 RCTs were included,involving 7 Yiqi Huoxue Chinese patent medicines and 11 775 patients. Network Meta-analysis showed that the total effective rate for improvement in AP symptoms had 7 direct comparisons and 21 indirect comparisons,8 of which were statistically significant. The ECG improvement had 7 direct comparisons and 21 indirect comparisons,7 of which were statistically significant. In terms of the total effective rate of improvement in AP symptoms,the order of efficacy was as follows: Shensong Yangxin Capsules > Shexiang Baoxin Pills > Qishen Yiqi Dropping Pills > Tongxinluo Capsules > Wenxin Granules > Qishen Capsules > Naoxintong Capsules. In terms of ECG improvement,the order of efficacy was as follows: Shexiang Baoxin Pills > Tongxinluo Capsules > Naoxintong Capsules > Qishen Yiqi Dropping Pills> Wenxin Granules > Shensong Yangxin Capsules > Qishen Capsules. The results showed that Shensong Yangxin Capsules and Shexiang Baoxin Pills had certain advantages in the treatment of coronary heart disease with angina pectoris. Due to the small sample size,more studies were required to further verify the evidences.

Application of n-dodecane as an oxygen vector to enhance the activity of fumarase in recombinant Escherichia coli: role of intracellular microenvironment

Abstract The effect of the intracellular microenvironment in the presence of an oxygen vector during expression of a fusion protein in Escherichia coli was studied. Three organic solutions at different concentration were chosen as oxygen vectors for fumarase expression. The addition of n-dodecane did not induce a significant change in the expression of fumarase, while the activity of fumarase increased significantly to 124% at 2.5% n-dodecane added after 9 h induction. The concentration of ATP increased sharply during the first 6 h of induction, to a value 7600% higher than that in the absence of an oxygen-vector. NAD/NADH and NADP/NADPH ratios were positively correlated with fumarase activity. n-Dodecane can be used to increase the concentration of ATP and change the energy metabolic pathway, providing sufficient energy for fumarase folding.

Toll-like receptor 4-related regulation of Ornithogalum caudatum extract on inflammatory responses in LPS activated macrophages / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To investigate toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)-related the regulation of Ornithog-alum caudatum extract(OCE)on inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)activated macro-phages.METHODS Primary peritoneal macrophage,Raw 264.7,and THP-1 were incubated in 96-well plate for 24 h and treated with OCE of the concentration of 0-400 μg/ml for 4h.The viability of cells was measured by MTT assay.Specific concentrations of OCE were added into the medium of primary peri-toneal macrophage, Raw 264.7, and THP-1, respectively, then following with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Cells were harvested and the total cellular protein and nuclear protein were extracted, and the protein content was determined using BCA protein assay Kit.The expressions of TLR4,inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS),cyclooxygenase 2(COX-2),α-inhibitor of NF-κB(IκB-α)and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)were assayed by Western blot.The expressions of interleukin-1α(IL-1α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-18(IL-18),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were measured by RT-PCR.RESULTS The results of MTT showed that OCE has no cytotoxicity in Raw 264.7 cells between 1.56 μg/ml and 400 μg/ml. Compared with normal group,the expressions of TLR4,iNOS,COX-2,NF-κB and IL-1α,IL-1β,IL-18, TNF-α,the level of nitric oxide(NO)were significantly increased by LPS stimulation,while OCE pretreat-ment reduced these increase induced by LPS. However, OCE pretreatment reversed the reduction of IκB-α after LPS stimulation.CONCLUSION OCE might suppress TLR4 expression and block the inflamma-tion process of NF-κB and iNOS,further decrease the expression of COX-2 and inhibit the release of inflammatory factors.

Sensitive and Rapid Detection of Traditional Chinese Herbs by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method and Real-Time Fluorescence Quantitative PCR

ABSTRACT Adulterant herbal materials are threats to import and export trade and consumer safety. In this study, we established a simple and rapid examination system for the detection of Phellodendron chinense Schneid. Two detection methods, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (real-time PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), were developed for traditional Chinese medicine detection, and their specificity and sensitivity were compared. The DNA of P. chinense was extracted and its special periods amplified with designed primers. Real-time PCR and LAMP experiments were conducted to test the specificity of primers in contrast to other similar species. The template concentration was diluted from 101 ng/µL to 10-5 ng/µL in order to contrast sensitivity between real-time PCR and LAMP. Real-time PCR and Lamp method has shown specificity because P. chinense was positive as opposed to other negative similar species. The Lamp method could detect a limited DNA concentration of 10-4ng/µL in 60 minutes with same sensitivity to real-time PCR. The results indicate that real-time PCR and LAMP are sensitive, accurate and specific in detection of P. chinense. However, LAMP is more convenient and cast less time. What's more, expensive equipments are not necessary for LAMP detector. For a better detection, we suggest an establishment of a real-time PCR and LAMP method for TCM market supervision which depends on DNA barcode sequences and LAMP.

Chinese patent medicines with function of resolving hard lump for cyclomastopathy: network Meta-analysis / 中国中药杂志

This systematic review aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicines with resolving hard lump function for the treatment of cyclomastopathy. We searched CNKI, WanFang, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, and The Cochrane Library from the inception to January 3 2018, to collect the randomized controlled trials（RCTs）on Chinese patent medicines with resolving hard lump function in treating cyclomastopathy. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then, statistical analysis was performed by using Stata 12.0 and WinBUGS 1.4.3 software. A total of 52 RCTs involving 9 605 patients were finally included. The inventions included 11 commercial Chinese patent medicines with functions of resolving hard lump, such as Rupi Sanjie Capsules, Xiaoru Sanjie Capsules, Ruhe Sanjie Pills, and Hongjin Xiaojie Capsules. The result of direct Meta-analysis showed that: as compared with the simple western medicine group, the Chinese patent medicines such as Hongjin Xiaojie Capsules, Ruhe Sanjie Pills, Rupi Sanjie Capsules, Xiaoru Sanjie Capsules and Xiakucao Oral Liquid could significantly improve the clinical efficacy. In addition, the incidence of adverse reactions of Chinese patent medicines with resolving hard lump function was lower than that in Western medicine group in gastrointestinal reactions, menstrual disorders, leucorrhea abnormalities, liver dysfunction and estrogen-like effect. The network Meta-analysis showed that: Xiaoru Sanjie Capsules, Ruhe Sanjie Pills, Yanlu Rukang Capsules, Quyu Sanjie Capsules, and Hongjin Xiaojie Capsules were the top five in terms of treatment effect. Chinese patent medicines with resolving hard lump function had better clinical efficacy. Due to the low quality of included studies， more high quality RCTs are needed to verify the above conclusion.

Guizhi Fuling capsule / pill treatment for chronic pelvic inflammatory disease：a systematic review of randomized clinical trials / 中国中药杂志

This systematic review aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Guizhi Fuling Capsule/Pill on the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. We searched CNKI datebases,WanFang,SinoMed,PubMed,Embase,The Cochrane Library from the inception to February 2017,to collect randomized controlled trials（RCTs）of Guizhi Fuling Capsule/Pill in treating chronic pelvic inflammation disease.Two reviewers independently screened literature,extracted date and assessed the risk of bias of included studies.Then,the risk assessment of included references was evaluated according to criteria recommended by Cochrane Handbook 5.3.A total of 30 RCTs involving 3 586 patients were finally included.30 studies reported the clinical efficacy,the result of meta-analysis showed that：compared with the western medicine group,Guizhi Fuling (capsule,pill) combined with western medicine could significantly improve the clinical efficacy [RR=1.20,95%CI（1.16,1.23）];3 studies reported recurrence rate,the result of meta-analysis showed that：compared with the western medicine,Guizhi Fuling (capsule,pill) combined with western medicine could decrease the recurrence rate [RR=0.33,95%CI（0.18,0.62）]; Their secondary indicators mainly included hs-CRP, plasma viscosity ratio and tumor necrosis factor and fibrin,the result of meta-analysis showed that： Guizhi Fuling (capsule,pill) combined with western medicine was better than western medicine in terms of anti-inflammatory and improving blood circulation.17 studies reported adverse reactions,most of the adverse events were the irritation of gastrointestinal tract. The result showed that： compared with the western medicine group, the incidence of adverse reactions in Guizhi Fuling (capsule,pill) combined with western medicine group is low.Guizhi Fuling（capsule,pill） did not increase the adverse reactions. The available evidence suggests that： Guizhi Fuling（capsule, pill） compared with the western medicine group, Guizhi Fuling (capsule,pill) combined with western medicine was more effective than the western medicine group in terms of clinical efficacy, recurrence rate, anti-inflammatory and plasma viscosity.Due to the limited quality and quantity of included studies,more high quality RCTs are needed to verify the above conciusion.

Long non-coding RNA AFAP1-AS1 facilitates tumor growth and promotes metastasis in colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Long non-coding RNAs can regulate tumorigenesis of various cancers. Dys-regulation of lncRNA-AFAP1-AS1 has not been studied in colorectal carcinoma (CRC). This study was to examine the function involvement of AFAP1-AS1 in tumor growth and metastasis of CRC. METHODS: Relative expression of AFAP1-AS1 in CRC tissues and CRC cells lines was determined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Functional involvement of AFAP1-AS1 in tumor proliferation and metastasis was evaluated in AFAP1-AS1-specific siRNA-treated CRC cells and in CRC cell xenograft. Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene expression was determined using western blot. RESULTS: Relative expression of AFAP1-AS1 was significantly elevated in CRC tissues and CRC HCT116 and SW480 cell lines. AFAP1-AS1 knock-down suppressed SW480 cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion. Also AFAP1-AS1 knock-down inhibited tumor metastasis-associated genes expression in terms of EMT. This carcinostatic action by AFAP1-AS1 knock-down was further confirmed by suppression of tumor formation and hepatic metastasis of CRC cells in nude mice. CONCLUSION: lncRNA-AFAP1-AS1 knock-down exhibits antitumor effect on colorectal carcinoma in respects of suppression of cell proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells.

Effect of valproic acid against angiogenesis of Kasumi-1 xenograft tumor in nude mice / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on angiogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia in vivo and vitro, and to explore its molecular mechanism. Human t (8;21) AML cell line Kasumi-1 cells were treated with VPA at different concentration for 3 d, the mRNA and protein expression levels of Ang1 and Ang2 were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Nude mice model with xenograft Kasumi-1 tumor was established by subcutaneous inoculation of Kasumi-1 cells. The CD34, Ang1 and Ang2 protein levels were analyzed by immunohistochemistry method. The mRNA and protein expression levels of Ang1, Ang2 and VEGF were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. The results showed that in vitro, VPA at 3 mmol/L downregulated the Ang mRNA relative expression level for Ang1 from 0.360 ± 0.116 to 0.040 ± 0.008, Ang2 from 0.540 ± 0.049 to 0.146 ± 0.038. The animal experiment further verified that VPA 500 mg/kg, ip, for 14 d, reduced the relative expression of Ang1, Ang2 and VEGF mRNA and proteins in Kasumi-1 tumor of nude mice, and reduced microvascular density in xenograft tumor of nude mice (8.470 ± 0.300 vs 2.600 ± 0.200). It is concluded that VPA significantly inhibits tumor angiogenesis through the regulation of angiopoietins, thereby inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of leukemia cells.

Primary Screening for Breast Diseases among 17618 Women in Wufeng Area, a Region with High Incidence of Cervical Cancer in China / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In this study,the current status for breast diseases in a region with high-incidence of cervical cancer were epidemiologically investigated.From March to August,2009,17618 women,from Wufeng area of Hubei province,China,were recruited to screen breast diseases by using breast infrared diagnostic apparatus.Other diagnostic methods,such as B-mode ultrasound,X-ray mammography,needle biopsy and pathological examination were,if necessary,used to further confirm the diagnosis.The screening showed that 5990 of 17618 cases (34.00％) had breast diseases,5843 (33.16％) had mammary gland hyperplasia,48 (0.27％) had breast fibroadenoma,ll (0.06％) had breast carcinoma,and 88 (0.50％) had other breast diseases.The peak morbidity of breast cancer was found in the women aged 50-0 ages.The morbidity of breast cancer was significantly increased in women elder than or equal to 50 years old (n=8,0.157％) in comparison with that in the subjects younger than 50 years old (n=3,0.024％) (u=2.327,P＜0.05).It was shown that the occurrence of breast diseases was concentrated in women aged 20-40 years,while the total morbidity reached its peak at the age of 30 years and then decreased sharply after age of 40.Compared with the patients elder than or equal to 40 years old (n=3289,27.46％),the morbidity rate of breast diseases was significantly increased in women less than 40 years old (2648 cases,47.18％; P＜0.001).However,there was no significant difference in the morbidity of breast diseases between the age group of 20-29 years and that of 30-39 years (P=0.453),and both of them were high.There was no significant association between the morbidity of breast diseases and cervical cancer.Since the morbidity of breast diseases was higher among young women,more attention should be paid to the screening of breast diseases among young women for early diagnosis.

Identification of Novel Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Biomarkers by Cross-laboratory Microarray Analysis / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The purpose of this study was to pool information in epithelial ovarian cancer by combining studies using Affymetrix expression microarray datasets made at different laboratories to identify novel biomarkers.Epithelial microarray expression information across laboratories was screened and combinedafter preprocessing raw microarray data,then ANOVA and unpaired T test statistical analysis was performed for identifying differentially expressed genes(DEGs),followed by clustering and pathway analysis for these DEGs.In this work,we performed a combination analysis on microarrays from three different laboratories using gene expression data on ovarian cancer and obtained a list of differential expression profiles identified as potential candidate in aggressiveness of ovarian cancer.The clustering and pathway analysis explored the different molecular basis of different ovarian cancer stages and potential important regulatory pathways in ovarian cancer development.Our results showed that combination of microarray data from different laboratories in the same platforms may overcome biases derived from probe design and technical features,thereby accelerating the identification of trustworthy DEGs,and demonstrating the advantage of integrative analysis in gene expression studies on epithelial ovarian cancer research.

Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis of Small Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Small cell carcinoma of cervix (SCCC) is a rare disease with highly aggressive behaviour and is pathologically hard to diagnose. In this study, the clinicopathological features, diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of the condition were examined. Clinical records and follow-up data of 7 cases of SCCC were retrospectively studied. Our results showed that five non-recurrent cases initially presented irregular vaginal bleeding or increased apocenosis of varying degrees. Pathological examination revealed that the stroma was diffusely infiltrated with small monomorphous cells ranging from round to oval shape. Three cases were immunohistochemically confirmed. One case was accompanied with squamous cell cancer. Of the 7 cases, one case was classified as stage Ⅰ bl, two stage Ⅰ b2,one stage Ⅱ a, one stage Ⅱ b, and one stage Ⅲb. On the basis of their stages of condition, one subject with stage Ⅲ b underwent chemotherapy, and one with stage Ib2 received extensive hysterectomy plus pelvic lymphadenectomy, while the other 5 cases were treated by extensive hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy in combination with pre- and/or post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Of the 7 patients, 4 had relapse-free survival of 14, 14, 16 and 28 months respectively.It is concluded that SCCC is an aggressive tumor with propensity for early pelvis lymph node metastases. Early-stage patients should be treated by extensive hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy in combination with pre- and/or post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Construction and Identification of a Yeast Two-Hybrid Bait Vector and Its Effect on the Growth of Yeast Cells and the Self-Activating Function of Reporter Genes for Screening of HPV18 E6-Interacting Protein / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

By using a yeast two-hybrid system,a yeast two-hybrid bait vector was constructed and identified for screening of the HPV18 E6-interacting proteins,and its effects on the growth of yeast cells and the activation of reporter genes were investigated.Total mRNA extracted from Hela cells was reversely transcribed into cDNA.Fragment of HPV18 E6 cDNA was amplified using RT-PCR and directly ligated to the pGBKT7 vector.The recombinant plasmid was confirmed by restriction endonuclease analysis and DNA sequencing.The recombinant pGBKT7-HPV18 E6 plasmid and empty pGBKT7 vector were transformed into the yeast cell AH109,respectively.After they were cultured respectively in YPDA liquid medium and nutrition-deficient culture medium,their toxicity and transcriptional activation were tested by both the phenotype assay and the color assay.The bait plasmid HPV18 E6 was successfully obtained.After being cultured in YPDA liquid medium for 16h,the A600 nm values of two yeast fluids were 0.98±0.03 and 0.99±0.02,respectively.The recombinant pGBKT7-HPV18 E6 plasmid and empty pGBKT7 vector could grow to white colonies on SD/-Trp/X-α-gal plates,while no colony could survive on SD/-His/-Trp/X-α-gal,SD/-Ade/-Trp/X-α-gal plates,indicating that the bait plasmid pGBKT7-HPV18 E6 was constructed successfully and expressed correctly,and could not activate the transcription of reporter gene alone.The yeast two-hybrid GAL4 system 3 can be utilized to find HPV18 E6 interacting proteins.

Screening for Novel Binding Proteins Interacting with Human Papillomavirus Type 18 E6 Oncogene in the Hela cDNA Library by Yeast Two-Hybrid System / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

To screen for novel binding proteins interacting with high-risk HPV 18 E6 oncogene, the strain AH109 was transformed with pGBKT7-HPV18 E6 plasmid, and subsequent transference was utilized to screen for interacting proteins with HPV 18 E6 in human Hela cDNA library. HPVl8 E6 mRNA was expressed in yeast and there was no self-activation and toxicity in AH109. Seven proteins that interacted with HPV18 E6, including transmembrane protein 87B, phosphonoformate im- muno-associated protein 5, vimentin, KM-HN-1 protein, dedicator of cytokinesis 7, vaccinia related kinase 2 and a hypothetical protein, were identified. It was suggested that yeast two-hybrid system is an efficient for screening interacting proteins. The high-risk HPV 18 E6 oncogene may interact with the proteins, which may be associated with signal transduction and transeriptional control, epithelial cell invasion and migration, as well as humoral and cellular immune etc. This investigation provides functional clues for further exploration of potential oncogenesis targets for cancer biotherapy.