Value of fasting plasma glucose to screen gestational diabetes mellitus before the 24th gestational week in women with different pre-pregnancy body mass index / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is usually diagnosed between 24th and 28th gestational week using the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). It is difficult to predict GDM before 24th gestational week because fast plasma glucose (FPG) decreases as the gestational age increases. It is controversial that if FPG ≥5.1 mmol/L before 24th gestational week should be intervened or not. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of FPG to screen GDM before 24th gestational week in women with different pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI).@*METHODS@#This was a multi-region retrospective cohort study in China. Women who had a singleton live birth between June 20, 2013 and November 30, 2014, resided in Beijing, Guangzhou and Chengdu, and received prenatal care in 21 selected hospitals, were included in this study. Pre-pregnancy BMI, FPG before the 24th gestational week, and one-step GDM screening with 75 g-OGTT at the 24th to 28th gestational weeks were extracted from medical charts and analyzed. The pregnant women were classified into four groups based on pre-pregnancy BMI: Group A (underweight, BMI < 18.5 kg/m), Group B (normal, BMI 18.5-23.9 kg/m), Group C (overweight, BMI 24.0-27.9 kg/m) and Group D (obesity, BMI ≥28.0 kg/m). The trend of FPG before 24th week of gestation was described, and the sensitivity and specificity of using FPG before the 24th gestational week to diagnose GDM among different pre-pregnancy BMI groups were reported. Differences in the means between groups were evaluated using independent sample t-test and analysis of variance. Pearson Chi-square test was used for categorical variables.@*RESULTS@#The prevalence of GDM was 20.0% (6806/34,087) in the study population. FPG decreased gradually as the gestational age increased in all pre-pregnancy BMI groups until the 19th gestational week. FPG was higher in women with higher pre-pregnancy BMI. FPG before the 24th gestational week and pre-pregnancy BMI could be used to predict GDM. The incidence of GDM in women with FPG ≥5.10 mmol/L in the 19th to 24th gestational weeks and pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity was significantly higher than that in women with FPG ≥5.10 mmol/L and pre-pregnancy BMI <24.0 kg/m (78.5% [62/79] vs. 52.9% [64/121], χ = 13.425, P < 0.001).@*CONCLUSIONS@#FPG decreased gradually as the gestational age increased in all pre-pregnancy BMI groups until the 19th gestational week. Pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity was associated with an increased FPG value before the 24th gestational week. FPG ≥5.10 mmol/L between 19 and 24 gestational weeks should be treated as GDM in women with pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity.

Effect of mustard gas at LD50 dose on reproductive system of rats / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To evaluate the effect of mustard gas on reproductive system in rats. Methods: Forty male SD rats and 40 female rats were equally divided into mustard gas-treated group and control group. Animals in mustard gas-treated group were injected with 5 mg · kg body weight (LD50) of mustard gas, and those in control group received propylene glycol injection. Serum hormonal determinations (estriol, testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone) were completed by collecting ocular vein blood at 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days and 28 days after injection. The rats were then killed were anatomized. Microscope was used to observe pathological changes in germ cells (ovary or testes). Two female rats and 3 male rats died during 4th and 5th day after injection. Results: The changes of serum hormone and pathology nearly restored to the normal levels in the female rats after injection of mustard gas for a short period. Most of the spermatogenic cells were still necrotic and seminiferous tubules still had hollow cross 1 month after injection in male rats. The FSH levels in the sera of male rats were significangtly increased from (1.210 0±0. 354 6) mmol/L in control group to 0.475 0±0. 045 1) mmol/L 28 days after injection(P<0.01). Conclusion: Mustard gas causes slight injury of ovary in female rats and the damage can recover in a short period, but it can cause long-time and unreversable injury to testes in male rats.