Effects of lentinan on dendritic cell metabolism / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the effects of lentinan(LNT)on the metabolism of dendritic cells(DCs)by metabonomics, and uncover the potential mechanism of its regulation of DC function. Methods DC2.4 cells were co-incubated with LNT for 24 h, and the activity of the cells was detected by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide(MTT)assay. The contents of interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α)and interleukin-12(IL-12)in supernatant were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The metabolic general changes of DC2.4 cells were detected by Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-QTOF/MS), and the differential metabolites were analyzed by multi-distance covariates and bioinformatics, partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA). Finally, metabolic pathway analysis was performed by MetaboAnalyst 5.0. Results LNT did not significantly inhibit the activity of DC2.4 cells at the dose of 25100 mg·L-1. LNT(100 mg·L-1)could significantly stimulate the secretion of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-12 in DC2.4 cells. 20 differential metabolites were identified in DC2.4 cells after being stimulated by LNT(100 mg·L-1), which involved 25 metabolic pathways including urea cycle, arginine and proline metabolism. Conclusion The regulation of LNT on DC function involves a variety of amino acid metabolism.

Research advances on mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives in the treatment of acne scars / 中华烧伤杂志

Acne is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin that often occurs on the face, and acne scars are often secondary to the healing process of acne, which often leads to impaired appearance and psychological disorders of patients. The current treatment for acne scars is extremely difficult. With the development of regenerative medicine, stem cell transplantation has become a new treatment for acne scars. In recent years, it has been reported that stem cells and their derivatives can effectively antagonize the formation of acne scars. Therefore, this paper briefly reviews the basic and clinical researches on the treatment of acne scars with various mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives, aiming to provide theoretical basis and reference for the stem cell therapy of acne scars.

Clinical application effects of two longitudes three transverses method in perforator location of thoracodorsal artery perforator flap and deep wound repair / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective: To explore the clinical application value of two longitudes three transverses method in the location of the perforator of thoracodorsal artery perforator and deep wound repair. Methods: The retrospectively observational study was conducted. From December 2018 to June 2020, 17 patients with deep wounds who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University met the inclusion criteria and were included in this study, including 7 males and 10 females, aged 12 to 72 years. The wound areas of patients after debridement were 7 cm×3 cm to 11 cm×7 cm. Two longitudinal lines were located through the midpoint of the armpit, the posterior superior iliac spine, and the protruding point of the sacroiliac joint, and three transverse lines were located 5, 10, and 15 cm below the midpoint of the armpit between the two longitudinal lines, i.e. two longitudes three transverses method, resulting in two trapezoidal areas. And then the thoracodorsal artery perforators in two trapezoidal areas were explored by the portable Doppler blood flow detector. On this account, a single or lobulated free thoracodorsal artery perforator flap or flap that carrying partial latissimus dorsi muscle, with an area of 7 cm×4 cm to 12 cm×8 cm was designed and harvested to repair the wound. The donor sites were all closed by suturing directly. The number and location of thoracodorsal artery perforators, and the distance from the position where the first perforator (the perforator closest to the axillary apex) exits the muscle to the lateral border of the latissimus dorsi in preoperative localization and intraoperative exploration, the diameter of thoracodorsal artery perforator measured during operation, and the flap types were recorded. The survivals of flaps and appearances of donor sites were followed up. Results: The number and location of thoracodorsal artery perforators located before operation in each patient were consistent with the results of intraoperative exploration. A total of 42 perforators were found in two trapezoidal areas, with 2 or 3 perforators each patient. The perforators were all located in two trapezoid areas, and a stable perforator (the first perforator) was located and detected in the first trapezoidal area. There were averagely 1.47 perforators in the second trapezoidal area. The position where the first perforator exits the muscle was 2.1-3.1 cm away from the lateral border of the latissimus dorsi. The diameters of thoracodorsal artery perforators were 0.4-0.6 mm. In this group, 12 cases were repaired with single thoracodorsal artery perforator flap, 3 cases with lobulated thoracodorsal artery perforator flap, and 2 cases with thoracodorsal artery perforator flap carrying partial latissimus dorsi muscle. The patients were followed up for 6 to 16 months. All the 17 flaps survived with good elasticity, blood circulation, and soft texture. Only linear scar was left in the donor area. Conclusions: The two longitudes three transverses method is helpful to locate the perforator of thoracodorsal artery perforator flap. The method is simple and reliable. The thoracodorsal artery perforator flap designed and harvested based on this method has good clinical effects in repairing deep wound, with minimal donor site damage.

Consensus of experts on the medical risk prevention for the patients with cardiovascular diseases during dental treatment (2022 edition) / 中华口腔医学杂志

With the aging process of population in the society, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in China is increasing continuously and the number of dental patients with CVD is increasing gradually too. Due to the lack of guidelines for dental patients with CVD in our country, how to implement standardized preoperative evaluation and perioperative risk prevention remains a problem to be solved for dentists at present. The present expert consensus was reached by combining the clinical experiences of the expert group of the Fifth General Dentistry Special Committee, Chinese Stomatological Association and respiratory and cardiology experts in diagnosis and treatment for CVD patients, and by systematically summarizing the relevant international guidelines and literature regarding the relationship between CVD and oral diseases and the diagnosis and treatment of dental patients with heart failure, hypertension and antithrombotic therapy. The consensus aims to provide, for the dental clinicians, the criteria on diagnosis and treatment of CVD in dental patients in China so as to reduce the risk and complications, and finally to improve the treatment levels of dental patients with CVD in China.

Consensus of experts on the oral health management and medical risk prevention for the patients with chronic airway diseases (2022 edition) / 中华口腔医学杂志

Today, there is greater awareness on the association between oral diseases and respiration diseases after the outbreak of COVID-19. However, confusion regarding the oral health management and medical risk prevention for patients with chronic airway diseases has been remained among dental clinicians. Therefore, the dental experts of the Fifth General Dentistry Special Committee, Chinese Stomatological Association, combined with the experts of respiratory and critical care medicine, undertook the formation of consensus on the oral health management of patients with chronic airway diseases in order to help dental clinicians to evaluate medical risks and make better treatment decision in clinical practice. In the present consensus report, the relationship of oral diseases and chronic airway diseases, the oral health management and the treatment recommendations of patients with chronic airway diseases are provided.

Shenling Baizhu Powder () Ameliorates Pi (Spleen)-Deficiency-Induced Functional Diarrhea in Rats / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the mechanism of Pi (Spleen)-deficiency-induced functional diarrhea (FD) model rats treated by Shenling Baizhu Powder (, SBP).@*METHODS@#Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups including control, model, low-, medium-, and high-dose SBP groups (SBPLDG, SBPMDG, SBPHDG), 6 rats in each group, respectively. Pi-deficiency-induced FD rats model was developed through Radix et Rhizoma Rhei gavage for 7 days. After modeling, the rats were treated with 3 doses of SBP [0.93, 1.86, and 3.72 g/(kg·d)], and the rats in the control and model groups were given pure water for 7 days. The diarrhea index was calculated. On the 7th and 14th days, the traveled distance of rat was measured by the open field test. Serum D-xylose content was determined by the phloroglucinol method and interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-17 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. The content of Treg cells was determined by flow cytometry.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group, the diarrhea index and IL-17 level in the model group were significantly higher and the total exercise distance and D-xylose content significantly decreased (P>0.05). The expression of IL-10 in the SBPHDG group was significantly up-regulated, and serum D-xylose level and Treg cells increased significantly compared with the model group (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#High-dose SBP exhibited ameliorating effects against Pi-deficiency induced FD, which might be attributed to its modulations on intestinal absorption function as well as adaptive immunity in mesenteric lymph nodes of rat.

Comparison of acute sports injury between recreational skiers and skiers / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare and analyze the difference between the injuries of recreational skiers in public ski resorts and those of skiing athletes in official competitions, and to explore the suggestions of medical insurance for these two types of skiers.@*METHODS@#The injury data of recreational skiers in Chongli District, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province during 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 snow seasons, and the injury data of skiers in two official international skiing competitions during 2019-2020 snow season and domestic test events in Chongli District of 2021 Winter Olympic Games were analyzed retrospectively, and the similarities and differences were compared.@*RESULTS@#A total of 1 187 injuries occurred to recreational skiers in the two public ski resorts during the 2018-2019 snow season, with an injury rate of 0.3%.There were 1 277 injury sites in total, and the most frequent injury sites were head and neck (230 cases, 18.0%), followed by knee joint (204 cases, 16.0%) and lower extremity (131 cases, 10.3%). Thirty-one skiers were injured in the two official international skiing competitions in the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 snow season, and in the domestic test competitions in the 2021 Winter Olympic Games, and the injury rates were 11.5%, 17.2% and 12.0%, respectively. There were 37 injury sites in total, among which 11 (29.7%) were in the head and neck, followed by 6 (16.2%) in the knee joint and 5 (13.6%) in the chest, rib and abdomen.@*CONCLUSION@#In order to better guarantee the safety of skiers and timely provide corresponding medical help, safety facilities and technical guidance should be added to the snow resort for leisure skiing, and medical stations should be set up in the snow resort. As the formal ski racing for skiing athletes during the game has 30 to 80 times higher injury ratesthan recreational skiers, and compared with the recreational skiing, head and neck injury rate is higher, and the damage is much heavier, more complete first aid facilities and experienced medical workers are, needed so the field should be equipped with the circuit inside the quantities, track fixed outside the clinic, surrounding referral hospitals set up trauma centers to provide athletes with more timely medical care.

Effect of Gymnastics Exercise on Sensory Integration Disorder in Children Aged Three to Six Years / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore the effect of gymnastic exercise on sensory integration disorder (SID) in children aged three to six years. Methods:From March to June 2018, 27 children aged three to six years with SID were recruited from Chengdu U-Beller International Children Education Center (Pidu Campus), and were randomly divided into control group (n = 13) and experimental group (n = 14). The experimental group accepted gymnastic exercise, 60 minutes a time, three times a week, for 16 weeks. The control group received no intervention. They were assessed with Assessment Scale for Children Sensory Integration Development, for vestibular dysfunction, tactile defense and proprioception dysfunction. Results:After intervention, the SID improvement was better in the experimental group than in the control group (χ2 > 6.639, P < 0.05), several children with mild disorder returned to normal level, and several with severe disorder returned to mild level. There was no difference in the scores of vestibular dysfunction, tactile defense and proprioception dysfunction before and after intervention in the control group (P > 0.05), and the scores significantly improved in the experimental group (|t| > 7.015, P < 0.01), and was higher in the experimental group than in the control group after intervention (t > 2.193, P < 0.01). Conclusion:Gymnastic exercise can improve vestibular dysfunction, tactile defense and proprioception dysfunction for children with SID aged three to six years.

The effect of the shape of nanocarriers on their transmembrane across Caco-2 cell monolayer / 药学学报

Cerasomes with different shapes were constructed to investigate the effect of the nanocarriers' shape on the cellular uptake and transmembrane capacity. Cerasome-forming lipid (CFL) was synthesized via halogenation, nucleophilic addition and acylation reaction and detected by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. CFL and short chain 1,2-dihexanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DHPC) were employed to prepare organic-inorganic hybrid bicelles in discal shapes (nanodisc) by the thin-film hydration method, and CFL was also used to prepare spherical cerasomes (nanosphere). The particle size and zeta potential of nanocarriers were measured by dynamic light scattering analysis, and the morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy. With human colon cancer cell line Caco-2 as the model, the effect of the shape of nanocarriers on cellular uptake and transmembrane capacity was investigated qualitatively by confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), and the transmembrane capacity was analyzed quantitatively by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that nanosphere and nanodisc had similar particle diameters around 110 nm and similar zeta potential around -25 mV, with regular morphology under transmission electron microscope. The cellular uptake rate of nanodisc was significantly higher than that of nanosphere in 20 minutes. Further research on Caco-2 cell monolayer demonstrated that nanodisc with faster uptake had less accumulation in the monolayer, which means it had a higher transmembrane rate on Caco-2 cell monolayer and the transmembrane capacity of the nanodisc was better than that of nanosphere within 2 h. These results suggest that rational design of the shape of nanocarriers is expected to regulate nano-bio interactions, promote the transmembrane transport of nanocarriers, and improve the drug absorption.

Upregulation of miR-27b Facilitates Apoptosis of TNF-α-Stimulated Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to explore the function of microRNA-27b (miR-27b) in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) stimulated by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). MATERIALS AND METHODS: mRNA expression of miR-27b in FLS cells (MH7A) treated with or without TNF-α was determined by q-PCR. MiR-27b mimics was transfected into MH7A cells to upregulate miR-27b expression. MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis were performed to investigate the effect of miR-27b on MH7A cell viability and apoptosis. The targets of miR-27b were predicted by TargetScan. The direct regulation of miR-27b on IL-1β expression was verified by luciferase assay. The protein expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins, IL-1β, and NF-κB signaling-related proteins were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: We discovered that miR-27b expression was decreased in MH7A cells stimulated by TNF-α. Upregulation of miR-27b by miR-27b mimics significantly inhibited the proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of TNF-α-stimulated MH7A cells. Consistently, upregulation of miR-27 decreased the level of Bcl-2 and increased Bax and caspase-3 expression in MH7A cells stimulated by TNF-α. Luciferase assay revealed that IL-1β was indeed a target of miR-27b. By quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot, we found that the expression of IL-1β is negatively regulated by miR-27b. Moreover, the NF-κB signaling pathway was significantly inhibited by miR-27b. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our results illustrated that enhanced miR-27b expression results in the suppression of proliferation and the promotion of apoptosis in FLSs stimulated by TNF-α, partially by regulating IL-1β expression and NF-κB signaling.

Tryptanthrin derivative CY-1-4 nanoparticle induces ferroptosis in B16-F10 cells / 药学学报

CY-1-4 is a tryptanthrin derivative exhibiting antitumor activity. The solubility of CY-1-4 was poor and the corresponding mechanism needs further study. To solve this problem, we prepared nanoparticles encapsulated with CY-1-4 (CY-1-4 NPs) by nanoprecipitation method using poly(caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(ethylene glycol)-co-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEG-PCL) as carriers to improve solubility. We then explored whether CY-1-4 NPs induced B16-F10 cytotoxicity via ferroptosis by determining the effect of CY-1-4 NPs on reactive oxygen (ROS) levels, repairing efficacy of lipid reactive oxygen inhibitor ferrostatin-1 and iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO), and potentiation of protoporphyrin (PPIX) induced B16-F10 cell death. The results showed that nanoparticlated strategy significantly improved solubility of CY-1-4. With the particle size about 116 nm, encapsulating efficacy was about 83% and the drug loading capacity was about 4.80%. Ferroptosis mechanistic studies indicated that CY-1-4 NPs could improve the ROS level in B16-F10 cells, whereas ferrostatin-1 and DFO could partly inhibited the cytotoxicity and PPIX could potentiated the cytotoxicity of CY-1-4 NPs in B16-F10 cells. These results showed that ferroptosis was one of the cell death mechanisms induced by tryptanthrin derivative CY-1-4 nanoparticle.

Study of bond strength of one-piece glass fiber posts-and-cores with flared root canals in vitro / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the effects of three kinds of fiber posts (CAD/CAM one-piece glass fiber posts-and-cores, prefabricated glass fiber post and light curing plastic fiber post) on the bond strength of flared root canals and the effect of thermal cycling on their bond strength.@*METHODS@#Extracted human single teeth (n=90) were endodontically treated and randomly divided into three groups (n = 30 each). The teeth were restored by three kinds of fiber post: CAD/CAM one-piece glass fiber posts-and-cores, prefabricated posts and light curing plastic fiber post. Following post cementation, the specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 7 days. Half bonded specimens of each group were submitted to thermal cycling (6 000 times, 5 to 55 °C) prior to micro-push-out bond strength test. Fabrication of micro-push-out bond strength test specimens was conducted by precision slicing machine. The micro-push-out bond strength was tested using a universal testing machine, and the failure modes were examined with a stereomicroscope.@*RESULTS@#In CAD/CAM one-piece glass fiber posts-and-cores group, the bond strength of cervical, middle and apical was (9.58±2.67) MPa,(8.62±2.62) MPa,(8.21±2.48) MPa respectively before thermal cycling, and after thermal cycling the bond strength of cervical, middle and apical was (8.14±3.19) MPa,(6.43±2.47) MPa,(6.45±3.20) MPa respectively. In prefabricated posts group, the bonding strength of cervical, middle and apical was (3.89±2.04) MPa,(4.83±1.23) MPa,(4.67±1.86) MPa respectively before thermal cycling, and after thermal cycling the bond strength of cervical, middle and apical was (6.18±1.61) MPa,(5.15±1.94) MPa,(6.39±2.87) MPa respectively. In light curing plastic fiber post group, the bond strength of cervical, middle and apical before thermal cycling was (4.05±2.41) MPa,(1.75±1.70) MPa,(2.60±2.34) MPa respectively, and after thermal cycling the bond strength of cervical, middle and apical was (5.04±2.72) MPa,(1.96±1.70) MPa,(1.34±0.92) MPa respectively. Postal types and root canal regions were found to significantly affect the push-out bond strength. Compared with the other two groups, the one-piece glass fiber posts-and-cores had the highest bonding strength in the cervical, middle and apical. Temperature cycling has no significant effect on the micro push-out bond strength of three kinds of fiber posts.@*CONCLUSION@#One-piece glass fiber posts-and-cores has better bonding strength and excellent bonding performance.

Study on Intestinal Flora Feature of Lung Diseases Patients Based on Lung and Large Intestine Being Interior-Exteriorly Related Theory / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To discuss the stool coccobacillus flora features between lung diseases patients and non-lung diseases patients for confirming homotherapy for the lung and the large intestine ideology based on the lung and large intestine being interior-exteriorly related theory. Methods Totally 112 patients were divided into lung diseases group (47 cases) and non-lung diseases group (65 cases) by cross-sectional study. Questionnaire survey for patients was used, including general demographic information, lung diseases and course of disease, non-lung diseases and course of disease, medication, diet, sleep, emotional, physical and stool. Stool specimens were collected and smear method was used to detect the ratio of coccus. Results 3 cases were lost in the lung diseases group and 5 cases were lost in the non-lung diseases group. Stool coccobacillus mean proportionality was 0.78 in lung diseases group, and 0.35 in non-lung diseases group, with statistical significance (P=0.041). Stool gram negative bacilli mean value was 56.59% in lung diseases group, and 65.50% in non-lung diseases group, with statistical significance (P=0.040). Stool gram positive coccus mean value was 33.52% in lung diseases group, and 23.80% in non-lung diseases group, with statistical significance (P=0.004). There were 23 cases of stool gram negative bacilli aberrant type in lung diseases group, and 44 cases in non-lung diseases group, with statistical significance (P=0.038). There were 21 cases of loss of appetite in lung diseases group, and 14 cases in non-lung diseases group, with statistical significance(P=0.012). There were 23 cases of constipation in lung diseases group, and 19 cases in non-lung diseases group, with statistical significance (P=0.044). There were 15 cases of loose stool in lung diseases group, and 9 cases in non-lung diseases group, with statistical significance (P=0.033). Conclusion Lung diseases patients occur to alteration of intestinal flora potentially. And symptoms include loss of appetite, constipation, loose stool, which occur to lung diseases patients significantly, indicating lung and large intestine tend to exist homopathy. It is important to homotherapy for the lung and the large intestine based on the lung and the large intestine being interior-exteriorly related.

Effect of Lycium Barbarum polysaccharides on immune function of erythrocytes in immunosuppressed mice / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of Lycium Barbarum polysaccharides on immune function of erythrocytes in doxorubicin-treated mice.Methods:BALB/c mice were treated with doxorubicin and used as immunosuppression model.The mice were treated with Lycium Barbarum polysaccharides(62.5,125,250 mg/kg) for 7 days,the normal control mice and model control mice were also used in this study.Expression level of CD59 molecule in erythrocytes was analyzed with flow cytometry.The Band-3 level was analyzed by Coomassie Brilliant Blue method.The NKEF-A and NKEF-B expression level in erythrocytes was analyzed by Western blot.The killing activity of NK cells was analyzed with flow cytometry.Results: The level of Band-3,NKEF-A and NKEF-B was decrease in erythrocytes of doxorubicin-treated mice.The killing activity of NK cells was also decrease in the mice when the expression level of CD59 molecule was not change obviously.Lycium Barbarum polysaccharides treatment could promote the recovery of Band-3, NKEF-A and NKEF-B in erythrocytes of the mice.Conclusion:Lycium Barbarum polysaccharides can promote the recovery of immune function of erythrocytes in doxorubicin-treated mice.

Effect of compound polysaccharide with Lentinan, Pachymaran and Tremella polysaccharide on mouse macrophage function / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of compound polysaccharide with Lentinan,Pachymaran and Tremella polysaccharide on the function of macrophages under various treatment conditions.Methods:The macrophage strain RAW264.7 cells were treated with compound polysaccharide (CP),compound polysaccharide combined with LPS (CP + LPS) and pre-treated with compound polysaccharide and then combined with LPS (Pre-CP + LPS).RAW264.7 cell endocytosis of Rhodamine NP (RNP) was detected by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.The level of NO was detected by Griess reagent.The expression levels of CD40,CD80 and CD86 were detected by flow cytometry.Results:Compound polysaccharides treatment can enhance the phagocytosis of RAW264.7 cells on fluorescent microspheres with time-dependent manner.The compound polysaccharide could promote the secretion of NO in RAW264.7 cells when the concentration was above 1 000 μg/ml.Compound polysaccharide could improve the expression levels of CD40,CD80 and CD86 in RAW264.7 cells.Under the condition of LPS stimulation,both co-treatment and pre-treatment with compound polysaccharide could reduce the expression levels of CD40,CD80 and CD86 in RAW264.7 cells.Conclusion:CP can regulate the immune function of RAW264.7 cells under various treatment conditions that it promotes activation and phagocytosis of the resting state cells and inhibits activation of LPS treated cells.

The comparative research on the surgical treatment result of complex acetabula fracture assisted by 3D printing technology / 实用医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the advantage of 3D printing technique in treatment of complicated ace-tabula fracture,we compared the early clinical outcomes of surgical treatment for complex acetabula fracture with traditional surgery(group A)and that assisted by 3D printing technique(group B).Methods A prospective anal-ysis of 35 complicated acetabula fractures was performed at our department,13 patients cured assisted with 3D printing technique. The other 22 patients performed traditional surgery. Surgical trauma,systematic inflammation, immediate reduction effect were evaluated by Matta image assessment standard,and rehabilitation functional status evaluated by Harris score system and Merled' Aubigne and Postel Grading standard. Results There were signifi-cant differences between the two groups regarding intraoperative blood loss,postoperative drainage,operation time (P<0.05),and group B was superior to group A.C reactive protein,leucocyte and creatine kinase MM in periph-eral blood in group A were much higher than those in group B at 24 hours postoperatively(P<0.01).The result of reduction of fracture is poor in group A,but excellent rate of reduction is about 84% in group B. The result of Merled' Aubigne and Postel scores grading was superior in group B(P = 0.013). The excellent and good rate of Harris function score in B group was significantly higher than that in group A(P=0.027).Conclusion The treat-ment of complicated acetabula fracture assisted by 3D printing is excellent in short-term follow up,achieving good reduction with limited trauma,long-term prognosis needs to be further followed up.

Salivary microbiome in people with obesity: a pilot study / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the characterization of the salivary microbiome in people with obesity and the differences in microbial composition, gene function and metabolic pathways of salivary microbiome between people with obesity and normal weight controls.@*METHODS@#The study was carried out in people with obesity and age- and sex-matched normal weight controls. None of these selected participants had the systemic disease, oral mucosal disease or periodontal disease. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected and oral examination was conducted. DNAs from saliva samples were extracted and sequenced in an Illumina NextSeq 500 platform. Community composition, linear discriminant analysis of taxonomic differences,gene prediction, gene set construction and annotation of gene function were performed.@*RESULTS@#The classified bacterial reads of the samples were 2 630 428 for each sample. A total of 11 phyla, 19 classes, 26 orders, 41 families, 62 genera and 164 species were detected ultimately. All samples had the same predominant phyla (Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Fusobacteria). There were statistical differences between the groups at the class, order, family, genus and species levels. At the class level, Negativicutes and Erysipelotrichia were more abundant in the obesity group, while Flavobacteriia and Bateroidetes dominated in normal weight group (P<0.05). At the species level, 16 showed significant differences in relative abundance among the groups, in which Prevotella melaninogenica,Prevotella salivae,Solobacterium moorei and Atopobium parvulum ware more abundant in the obesity group, whereas Streptococcus sanguinis dominated in normal weight group (P<0.05). The people with obesity had a higher number of salivary microbial genes (P<0.05). We produced statistics on gene prediction and found salivary microbiome of obesity group had a higher number of genes (P < 0.05). Genes associated with the pathways of metabolism and environmental information processing and human diseases were significantly enriched in the saliva samples of people with obesity (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Significant differences were seen in composition, gene function and metabolic pathways of salivary microbiome between people with obesity and normal weight people. We hope to go on further study with larger sample size in the near future.

Research of difference distribution of intestinal microflora in different types of IBS and the effect of intestinal microecological medicine intervention / 中国基层医药

Objective To understand the distribution of intestinal microflora in different types of IBS,and to observe the effect of intestinal microecological intervention. Methods According to the inclusion criteria,the patients were divided into diarrhea group (IBS-D group) and constipation group (IBS-C group),and the normal control group was also set up. The start of the three groups took gastroscopy examinination and took duodenal fluid for intesti-nal bacteria culture and counting,and electronic colonoscopy to retrieve the terminal ileum fluid for bacteria culture and count. Diarrhea and constipation type IBS patients were given Bifidobacterium triple viable capsules,2 capsules each time,3 times a day,treatment for 4 weeks. After treatment for 4 weeks,took electronic gastroscopy to retrieve the duodenal fluid for bacteria culture and counting,and took electronic colonoscopy examination to retrieve the intestinal fluid for terminal colon intestinal bacteria culture and count. Before and after treatment,IBS patients filled in intestinal symptoms rating scale and the intestinal symptoms were graded. After the test,compared the distribution differences of different segments of bacterial flora with diarrhea type IBS,constipation IBS and normal people. And the differences of intestinal flora bacterial distribution and IBS sympotoms were compared among the three groups after the Bifidobacterium triple viable capsules treatment. Results In the duodenal fluid of the three groups, the culture rate of Escherichia coli,Bacteroides,Bifidobacterium,Enterococcus,Lactobacillus was low,the difference was not statistically significant (all P>0. 05). Compared with the normal group,Enterobacter cultured in terminal ileum intestinal in the IBS-D group increased,Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus decreased significantly[(2. 17 ± 0. 26)Log10 CFU/g vs (3. 26 ± 0. 44)Log10 CFU/g,(1. 46 ± 0. 25)Log10 CFU/g vs (2. 22 ± 0. 25)Log10 CFU/g] (t=4. 42,8. 98,all P<0. 05), the Bacteroides in the IBS-C group increased significantly (t=14. 27,P<0. 05). After the use of Bifidobacterium triple viable capsule oral treatment,the number of Bifidobacterium in duodenal fluid was increased,but the difference was not statistically significant. The terminal ileum intestinal bifidobacteria culture in the IBS -D group increased significantly (t=4. 42,P=0. 00),Enterobacter decreased significantly (t=20. 30,P<0. 05),the quasi bacterial content in the IBS-C group decreased (t=14. 27,P<0. 05). After 4 weeks of Bifidobacterium triple viable capsule treatment,21 cases were effective in the IBS-D group,the total effective rate was 70. 00%. 13 cases were effective in the IBS-C group,the total effective rate was 43. 33%. The total symptoms scores of the IBS-D group decreased significantly (t=10. 36,P<0. 05). Conclusion IBS type of diarrhea and constipation both have intestinal flora disorder,mainly in ileum. The results showed that the effect of intestinal microecological treatment is obvious in diarrhea and constipation type IBS,especially in diarrhea type IBS.

Research of difference distribution of intestinal microflora in different types of IBS and the effect of intestinal microecological medicine intervention / 中国基层医药

Objective To understand the distribution of intestinal microflora in different types of IBS,and to observe the effect of intestinal microecological intervention. Methods According to the inclusion criteria,the patients were divided into diarrhea group (IBS-D group) and constipation group (IBS-C group),and the normal control group was also set up. The start of the three groups took gastroscopy examinination and took duodenal fluid for intesti-nal bacteria culture and counting,and electronic colonoscopy to retrieve the terminal ileum fluid for bacteria culture and count. Diarrhea and constipation type IBS patients were given Bifidobacterium triple viable capsules,2 capsules each time,3 times a day,treatment for 4 weeks. After treatment for 4 weeks,took electronic gastroscopy to retrieve the duodenal fluid for bacteria culture and counting,and took electronic colonoscopy examination to retrieve the intestinal fluid for terminal colon intestinal bacteria culture and count. Before and after treatment,IBS patients filled in intestinal symptoms rating scale and the intestinal symptoms were graded. After the test,compared the distribution differences of different segments of bacterial flora with diarrhea type IBS,constipation IBS and normal people. And the differences of intestinal flora bacterial distribution and IBS sympotoms were compared among the three groups after the Bifidobacterium triple viable capsules treatment. Results In the duodenal fluid of the three groups, the culture rate of Escherichia coli,Bacteroides,Bifidobacterium,Enterococcus,Lactobacillus was low,the difference was not statistically significant (all P>0. 05). Compared with the normal group,Enterobacter cultured in terminal ileum intestinal in the IBS-D group increased,Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus decreased significantly[(2. 17 ± 0. 26)Log10 CFU/g vs (3. 26 ± 0. 44)Log10 CFU/g,(1. 46 ± 0. 25)Log10 CFU/g vs (2. 22 ± 0. 25)Log10 CFU/g] (t=4. 42,8. 98,all P<0. 05), the Bacteroides in the IBS-C group increased significantly (t=14. 27,P<0. 05). After the use of Bifidobacterium triple viable capsule oral treatment,the number of Bifidobacterium in duodenal fluid was increased,but the difference was not statistically significant. The terminal ileum intestinal bifidobacteria culture in the IBS -D group increased significantly (t=4. 42,P=0. 00),Enterobacter decreased significantly (t=20. 30,P<0. 05),the quasi bacterial content in the IBS-C group decreased (t=14. 27,P<0. 05). After 4 weeks of Bifidobacterium triple viable capsule treatment,21 cases were effective in the IBS-D group,the total effective rate was 70. 00%. 13 cases were effective in the IBS-C group,the total effective rate was 43. 33%. The total symptoms scores of the IBS-D group decreased significantly (t=10. 36,P<0. 05). Conclusion IBS type of diarrhea and constipation both have intestinal flora disorder,mainly in ileum. The results showed that the effect of intestinal microecological treatment is obvious in diarrhea and constipation type IBS,especially in diarrhea type IBS.

Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate alleviated rat cervical intervertebral disc degeneration via reducing tumor necrosis factor α and matrixmetalloproteinase 9 expression and its underlying mechanism / 中国药理学通报

Aim To observe the effect of pyrimidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on the variance of disc morphology and the expressions of TNF-α, MMP-9 in the cervical disc in cervical dynamic equilibrium rat models, and to investigate the roles of PDTC in the process of intervertebral disc degeneration and the mechanism involved.Methods Fifty-four SD rats were divided into three groups randomly, then the dynamic equilibrium rat model was established by cutting the nuchal superficial and deep muscle of the rats.The dynamic equilibrium rats with PDTC solution intraperitoneal injection after operations were defined as PDTC group (group A), the models with saline intraperitoneal injection after operations as saline group (group B), the rats of fake operation with saline intraperitoneal injection as blank group (group C), and the animals were sacrificed in batches 10 weeks, 12 weeks, 16 weeks respectively after operation.The C5, C6 vertebrae and C5/6 discs were harvested, and the disc morphology was observed.TNF-α, MMP-9 mRNA expressions were detected by q-PCR and protein expression was observed by Western blot.Results Compared with the saline group, the morphology of disc in PDTC group was destructed slightly and fiber ring arranged orderly.TNF-α, MMP-9 gene and protein expressions had no obvious changes (P>0.05) in blank group (group C) at each time point.The expressions of IL-6, MMP-9 mRNA increased with time in group B, but the amount increased fast firstly, and slow lately, reaching peak in 12 weeks.The expression of TNF-α, MMP-9 protein became steady in group B from 10 weeks compared with other time points(P>0.05).TNF-α, MMP-9 genes and proteins expression decreased obviously in PDTC group (group A) compared with saline group (group B) (P<0.01) at each time point, but higher than blank group C(P<0.01) at each time point.Conclusions TNF-α and MMP-9 are important inflammatory factors involved in rat cervical disc degeneration, PDTC relieves the degeneration of rat cervical disc by reducing the expression of TNF-α and MMP-9 via disturbing the NF-κB signal pathway probably, and PDTC may become potential medicine for disc degeneration.