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Background: The increasing number of smokers has an impact on increasing the number of deaths due to smoking-related illnesses. Teenagers are the easiest targets for cigarette marketing, including in the city of Yogyakarta, whose numbers continue to increase. The proper investigation needs to be carried out to determine the determinants that play a role in developing effective interventions to reduce the number of teenage smokers. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinants of smoking in adolescents in The City of Yogyakarta.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study with senior high school/vocational students’ samples. The sampling technique uses multistage random cluster sampling with Chi-Square analysis.Results: Researchers collected 481 respondents. Variables significantly associated with smoking behavior of senior high school/vocational high school students in Yogyakarta City are knowledge, attitude, self-confidence, family’s role, and peer’s role, while the unrelated variables are teacher’s role and information sources. The RP value of these variables is more than 1, which shows the seven variables are risk factors for adolescent smoking behavior.Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between knowledge, attitudes, self-confidence, the role of family, the role of peers and the smoking behavior of adolescents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The role of the teacher and the source of information has no significant relationship with the smoking behavior of adolescents in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The intervention program for reducing and preventing smoking must pay attention to these variables as a determining factor.
RESUMEN
Background: Hypertension is still a big challenge in Indonesia. Survey data shows that Yogyakarta province is included in the top five provinces with the most cases of hypertension with a number of 35.8% above the average of all Indonesia, which is 31.7%. Life style changes such as dietary changes lead to ready-to-eat dishes that contain lots of fat, high protein and salt but are low in dietary fiber, bringing consequences as one of the factors developing degenerative diseases such as hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between blood glucose and uric acid with the incidence of hypertension in the elderly at Posyandu Lansia Kauman Yogyakarta.Methods: The study was observational analytic with cross-sectional design. The population in this study were all elderly people living in the Posyandu Lansia Kauman Yogyakarta with a total of 33 people. The instrument used was a checklist sheet and the instrument used was a tensimeter, glucometer and uric acid test. The data analysis technique used is the Fisher's test.Results: There was a significant relationship between blood glucose (p=0.023) and uric acid (p=0.036) with an increased risk of hypertension in the elderly in the Posyandu Elderly Kauman Yogyakarta.Conclusions: There is a relationship between blood glucose and uric acid levels with an increased risk of hypertension in the elderly at the Posyandu Lansia Kauman, Yogyakarta.
RESUMEN
Background: Dating violence has long-lasting and also short effects that are serious and have negative impacts severity toward physical forms of violence, psychic, economic and sexual. This study aims to know the relationship between the teachers’ role, their peers and the mass media and dating violence in adolescents at SMK PIRI 1 Yogyakarta.Methods: The design of the study is analytical survey with cross-sectional design.The sample was students of class XI of SMK Piri 1 Yogyakarta with a total of 147 respondents.A questionnaire was used to determine the relationship between the role of the teacher, peers and mass media with dating violence. Univariate and bivariate analyzes were performed with chi square test.Results: There were two variables that show there was a relationship between peers (p=0.009), mass media (p=0.019) with dating violence and there was no relationship between teacher roles and dating violence (p=1.00), peer prevalence ratio values indicate (RP=0.682), mass media (RP=1,432) and the teacher's role (RP=0,977) and confidence interval 95% confidence level, that there are peers (CI=0,528-0,888), mass media (CI = 1,067-1,922) and the teacher's role (CI=0.745-1.228).Conclusions: There is a relationship between peers and mass media with dating violence, and there is no relationship between teachers’ role and dating violence in SMK 1 Piri Yogyakarta.