Vancomycin pretreatment attenuates acetaminophen-induced liver injury through 2-hydroxybutyric acid / 药物分析学报

Liver injury caused by acetaminophen (AP) overdose is a leading public health problem. Although AP-induced liver injury is well recognized as the formation of N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone (NAPQI), a toxic metabolite of AP, resulting in cell damage, emerging evidence indicates that AP-induced liver injury is also associated with gut microbiota. However, the gut microbiota-involved mechanism remains largely unknown. In our study, we found that vancomycin (Vac) pretreatment (100 mg/kg, twice a day for 4 days) attenuated AP-induced liver injury, altered the composition of gut microbiota, and changed serum metabolic profile. Moreover, we identified Vac pretreatment elevated cecum and serum 2-hydroxybutyric acid (2-HB), which ameliorated AP-induced cell damage and liver injury in mice by reducing AP bioavailability and elevating GSH levels. Our current results revealed the novel role of 2-HB in protecting AP-induced liver injury and add new evidence for gut microbiota in affecting AP toxicity.

Expression and significance of 12-lipoxygenase in human glioma / 中国肿瘤临床

Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) in glioma. Methods:12-LOX expression in 40 glioma cases and 10 normal human-brain tissues was assayed by immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathological data were analyzed to reveal the association between 12-LOX expression and prognosis of glioma patients. Results:12-LOX was weak-ly expressed in the normal human brain tissues, whereas 12-LOX was strongly expressed (72.5%) in glioma tissues (P<0.05). The strong 12-LOX expression was correlated with the histopathological grading of glioma (P=0.012), whereas 12-LOX expression was not correlated with factors such as patient gender and age, tumor size, and Karnofsky Performance Score. Median survival time was longer in the group with low 12-LOX expression (25.6 months) than in the group with high 12-LOX expression (13.2 months) (P<0.05). Con-clusion:Abnormal 12-LOX expression is implicated in glioma. 12-LOX expression was correlated with the histopathological grading of glioma and was closely associated with patient prognosis.