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【Objective】 To investigate the effects of naringenin on the polarization of high-glycemic RAW264.7 macrophages and its related mechanism. 【Methods】 The mother solution of NAR was prepared with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the log-growth phase macrophage RAW264.7 was pre-tested. DMEM medium with different glucose concentrations (1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 g/L) was used for cultivation for 24 h. Before the experiment, DMEM was diluted into NAR mixture with different final concentrations, and the effect of NAR on RAW264.7 cell activity was detected by CCK-8 method; nitric oxide synthase (NOS) type classification determination of checkerboard induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) active filter was used to control the concentration of sugar and high-sugar stimulation. The control group were subdivided into normal control (NG) and osmotic pressure control (NG+M). The high-glucose stimulation group was divided into normal high glucose (HG), high glucose + naringenin (HG+NAR), high glucose + Fasudil (HG+F), and high glucose +C3 transferase (HG+C3). RAW264.7 was cultured for 24 h in each group; the expression levels of supernatant cytokines, namely, interleukin6 (il-6), tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α) and interleukin10 (IL-10), were detected by ELISA. Western blotting was used to determine the RhoA/ROCK pathway related proteins, iNOS and Arg-1 protein levels. Type (M1, M2) and proportion (M1/M2) of macrophages were analyzed by flow cytometry. 【Results】 Compared with those in NG group, in HG group RhoA/ROCK pathway-related proteins and iNOS expression were increased, while Arg-1 expression was decreased (P<0.05). The secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α was increased while anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was decreased (P<0.05). The number of M1-type cells and M1/M2 ratio increased (P<0.05). Compared with HG group, RhoA/ROCK pathway related proteins and iNOS expression were decreased in HG+NAR group, HG+F group and HG+C3 group, while Arg-1 expression was increased, IL-6 and TNF- α secretion was decreased, IL-10 was increased, M2-type macrophages were increased, and M1/M2 was decreased (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 NAR may promote the M2-type differentiation of macrophages stimulated by high glucose by down-regulating RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway.
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Objective To explore the protective effect of saponins in stems and leaves of Panax notoginseng onmyocardial ischemic reperfusion injury in rats. Methods The rats were divided into six groups (the sham operation group, model group, DAXXK group, PNSSL 40, 80, 160 mg·kg-1 group) and continuous oral administration for 7 days. The ratmodel of myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury (MIRI) was developed by ligation of the left anterior descending coronaryartery the electrocardiogram (ECG), myocardial infarct size, staining with hematoxylin and eosin were observed. Theactivities of LDH、CK、AST、ALT in serum and SOD、GSH-Px、MDA in cardiac muscle tissue were detected by kit.Results Saponins in stems and leaves of Panax notoginseng in each dose (40, 80, 160 mg · kg-1) group significantlyreduced the myocardial infarct size and improved the ECG on ST segment, the myocardial damage was obviously reducedfrom the pathological section. Stems and leaves of Panax notoginseng in a dose of 160 mg · kg-1 lowered the serumactivities of LDH、CK and AST, contents of SOD and GSH-Px in a dose of 80 mg·kg-1 significantly lowered. Conclusions The results indicates that PNSSL have the effect against myocardial ischemic reperfusion injury and that the mechanismof pharmacological action related to the improvement of ECG changes, the stability of cell membrane, eliminate oxygenfree radicals and the reducing of inflammatory infiltration.
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Objective To explore the effect of the midwife-leading labor pain management model on the pregnancy outcomes and pain control satisfaction.Methods The randomized grouping and single blind trial design were performed.One hundred and ten pregnant women were recruited and randomized into the control group (n=55) and intervention group (n=55).The control group received the routine prenatal examination by the outpatientdepartment obstetric doctors and intrapartum nursing care during labor.On this basis the intervention group participated in the labor pain educational course in the midwife clinic,and received the repeated pain assessment and pain management intervention during labor.Results There was no statistical difference in the delivery mode between the two groups(P＞0.05).The cesarean section rate without indication in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =6.798,P＜0.05).The average each item score of the labor pain education and pain control satisfaction in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).Conclusion The midwife-leading labor pain management model can reduce the cesarean section rate without indication,and improves the satisfaction of labor pain education and pain control in pregnant women and parturients.
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Objective To study the expression and significance of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in serum samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients.Methods The concentrations of CCL2 and VEGF in the serum was assessed by ELISA in healthy donors (n=27) and OSCC patients (n=85).Then analyzed the correlation between the concentrations of CCL2 and VEGF and the relationship with patients' clinicopathological characteristics.Results CCL2 concentration was lower in OSCC patients than in healthy donors (69.12 ± 19.54 pg/ml vs 103.41 ± 34.42 pg/ml,t =6.477,P＜0.05).The expression of CCL2 was positively associated to TNM stage in OSCC (t=2.193,P＜0.05).VEGF concentration was higher in OSCC patients than in healthy donors (145.76 ± 49.34 pg/ml vs 70.35± 14.93 pg/ml,t=3.92,P＜0.05).There was a negative correlation between CCL2 and VEGF (r=-0.216,P＜0.05).The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve suggests that CCL2 and CCL2/VEGF in serum are good diagnostic markers to discriminate healthy people from OSCC patients,the cutoff values was 98.61 pg/ml and 0.82.Conclusion The expression of CCL2 and VEGF in serum correlated to OSCC progression,and it can be a potential diagnostic biomarker for oral disease.
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Objective To observe the curative effect, safety and patient's satisfaction degree of combining compound betamethasone with anisodamine injection in the blocking treatment of eyebrow alopecia areata.Methods A total of 66 cases were randomly divined into two groups: patients were treated by compound betamethasone ( group A) and combining compound betamethasone with anisodamine ( group B). The drugs were injected from the middle of eyebrow alopecia areata to two sides by the standard of 0. 2 ml/cm2 in both groups one time a month. The curative effect of the all cases were observed at 1, 2 and 3 months after treatment. The safety of them were evaluated based on incidence rate of the side effect and their satisfactory degree were evaluated based on subjective reception 3 months after treatment. Results The effective rates in the group B were 58.82 %, 73.53 % and 88.23 % by turns at 1,2 and 3 months after treatment, and those in the group A were 31.25 %, 53.13 % and 71.88 %, respectively. The curative effect in the group B was better than that in the group A (P ＜ 0. 05), and the incidence rate of side effect in the group B was similar to that in the group A (P＞0.05) and the patient's satisfaction degree in group B was better than that in group A (P ＜0. 05) 3months after treatment. Conclusion The compound betamethasone combined with anisodamine injection in the treatment of eyebrow alopecia areata has superior curative efficacy, more safety and higher satisfactory degree in the patients.
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Objective To investigate the role of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/ERK kinase (MEK), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris. Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of p-MEK, p-ERK and p-NF-KB in tissue samples from 30 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 15 normal human controls. The average optical density of immunostaining and relative grey scale of immuno-bloting were calculated. Results The average optical density of immunostaining for p-MEK, p-ERK and p-NF-KB was 0.36 ± 0.03, 0.36 ± 0.04 and 0.26 ± 0.04, respectively in lesion samples of psoriasis, significantly higher than that in normal control tissue (0.22 ± 0.02, 0.18 ± 0.03 and 0.16 ± 0.03, all P < 0.01). A significant increase was also observed in the relative grey scale of p-MEK, p-ERK and p-NF-κB in psoriatic lesions compared with the normal controls (1.41 ± 0.14 vs 0.54 ± 0.10, 2.35 ± 0.34 vs 1.86 ± 0.12, 1.07 ± 0.15 vs 0.87 ± 0.08, all P < 0.01). Conclusions The expressions of p-MEK, p-ERK and p-NF-κB are enhanced in lesions of psoriasis vulgaris, and the abnormal activation of upstream and downstream molecules in the MAPK signaling pathways might be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
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Objective To investigate the significance of Akt in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.Methods Tissue specimens were obtained from involved and uninvolved skin of 30 patients with progressive psoriasis vulgaris and normal skin of 20 human controls.Immunohistochemistry.immunobloting and kinase activity assay were performed to detect the expressions of Akt and phosphorylated Akt as well as Akt activities in these specimens.Immunostaining intensity Was assessed by optical density detection and the results of immunobiot and activity assay by grey scanning.Statistical analyses were performed by variance analysis and student's t test.Results As immunohistochemistry revealed.there was no significant difierence in Akt protein expression among normal epidermis,psoriatic epidermis and uninvolved epidermis(F=0.611,P＞0.05):the level of phosphorylated Akt in psoriatic epidermis was significantly higher than that in normal epidermis and psoriatic uninvolved epidermis(F=19.081.P＜0.01).while no significant difierence was observed between normal epidermis and psoriatic uninvolved epidermis (t=0.624.P＞0.05).Immunoblot showed a significant difierence in phosphorylated Akt(t=237.75.P＜0.01)but not in Akt(t=1.378,P＞0.05)between psoriatic involved epidermis and normal epidermis.In comparison with normal epidermis,the activity of Akt in psoriatic involved epidermis was increased significantly(t=138.44 1.P＜0.0 1).Conclusion The overproliferation of psoriatic keratinocytcs may be associated with increased activation of Akt.
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Objective To investigate the relationship of the expression of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)subunits,P85 and P110 to the pathogenesis of psoriasis.Methods Immunohistochemical staining for P85 and P110 was performed in the tissue specimens from patients with psoriasis(n=30),chronic dermatitis(n=20),seborrheic keratosis(n=20),squamous cell carcinoma(n=20),basal cell carcinoma(n=30)and normal human controls(n=10).The absorbance of immunostained tissue was quantified with image analysis system (Q550CW,Leica,Manheim,Germany).Statistical analysis was carried out by ANOVA,Results Among these groups,a significant difference was observed in the expression level of P110 in the epidermis(F=35.64,P＜0.01),as well as in that of P85(F=59.98,P＜0.01)and P110(F=323.23,P＜0.01)in the lymphocytes infiltrating the lesion.Increased expression of P110 was found in the epidermis of psoriatic lesions compared with the lesions in the other disorders,whereas no significant difference was noticed among the other disorders.In the case of P85 and P110 expression in the lesion-infiltrating lymphocytes infiltrating the lesion,psoriasis and squamous cell carcinoma significantly differed from the other disorders,while no difference was observed between psoriasis and squamous cell carcinoma (P＞0.05).Conclusions The high expression of P110 might be closely correlated to the hyperproliferation of keratinocytes;but filrther study is needed to clarify the relationship of increased expression of P85 and P110 to the activation and proliferation of lymphocytes in psoriatic lesions.
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Objective To study the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children in major cities of China. Method The children aged 1-7 were surveyed with questionnaire in ten cities of our country. Results In a total population of 49 241, there were 1 371 AD patients (768 males and 603 females) discovered. The total prevalence was 2.78%. The prevalence of males and females was 3.03% and 2.53%, respectively, The total standardized prevalence (S.P.) was 3.07%. The male and female S.P. was 3.86% and 2.20%, respectively, the difference being statistically significant (P
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Objective To study microbial flora on skin lesions and their antim icrobial susceptibilities and to conduct a topical treatment trial in atopic der matitis (AD). Methods Seventy one patients with AD were diagnosed according to the criteria of Hanifin-Rajka′s in departments of dermatology in China-Japan Friendship Hospital and Beijing Children Hospital during November,2001 to March, 2002. Bacteria and fungi were examined by culture and microscopy. Among 71 case s, 66 were divided into two groups randomly with one group receiving 1%econazol e+0.1%triamcinolone acetonide cream topically twice daily for 4 weeks, and the control group receiving 0.1%hydrocortisone butyrate ointment. Severity of AD w as measured by SCORAD index. Results It was shown that AD mainly affected infant s and children with a prevalence of 73.24%in patients less than 12 years old. T he rates of bacterial and fungal colonization were 53.51%, 1.41%, respectively on skin lesions. S.aureus was detected in 35.21%of patients with AD. Antimicro bial susceptibility test indicated that S.aureus was sensitive to rifampin, vanc omycin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, cefazolin, cefuroxime, etc. It was found that 1 %econazole+0.1%triamcinolone acetonide cream had significantly more advantage over hydrocortisone butyrate ointment in the therapeutical effects (P