Influence of wind, cold and dampness on clinical manifestation of knee osteoarthritis patients based on the stratifications of traditional Chinese medicine constitution / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore influence of external factors of wind, cold and dampness on clinical symptoms in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients with different constitutions of traditional Chinese medicine.@*METHODS@#A cross-sectional stratified study was performed to select 108 patients with GradeⅡKOA in Kellgren & Lawrence (K-L) classification, including 22 males and 86 females, aged from 47 to 75 years old with an average of (60.7±6.0) years old;body mass index(BMI) ranged from 17.87 to 31.22 kg·m-2 with an average of (23.80±2.86) kg·m-2. According to Classification and Judgment of TCM Physique (ZYYXH/T157-2009), the types of TCM physique were determined and divided into 4 layers according to the deficiency and actual physique. Among them, there were 24 patients without biased physique, 12 males and 12 females, aged from 51 to 73 years old with an average of(62.8±6.0) years old, BMI ranged from 17.87 to 31.14 kg·m-2 with an average of (24.32±3.25) kg·m-2;there were 46 patients with virtual bias constitution, including 7 males and 39 females, aged from 47 to 70 years old with an average of (60.0±5.8) years old, BMI ranged from 19.38 to 31.22 kg·m-2 with an average of(23.42±2.97) kg·m-2;There were 26 patients with solid bias constitution, including 2 males and 24 females, aged from 48 to 75 years old with an average of (60.4±5.8) years old, BMI ranged from 21.16 to 30.76 kg·m-2 with an average of (24.15±2.33) kg·m-2;there were 9 patients with special constitution, 1 male and 8 female, aged from 53 to 75 years old with an average of (59.8±7.5) years old, BMI ranged from 19.26 to 26.67 kg·m-2 with an average of (23.79±2.49) kg·m-2. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) was used to evaluate severity of clinical symptoms. The wind-cold-dampness external factor score was calculated through the questionnaire of wind-cold-dampness syndrome scale to evaluate degree of influence of wind-cold-dampness external factor. Pearson correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis were used to calculate the correlation coefficient between severity of external factors affecting wind, cold and dampness and severity of clinical symptoms in patients with different TCM constitution stratification.@*RESULTS@#There was no statistical significance between total score of wind-cold-dampness and WOMAC score in patients with no biased constitution and special condition. Total wind-cold-dampness score of patients with virtual biased constitution was positively correlated with WOMAC stiffness score (r=0.327, P=0.032), and total wind-cold-dampness score of patients with solid biased constitution was positively correlated with WOMAC pain score (r=0.561, P=0.005) and WOMAC overall score (r=0.446, P=0.033). After further adjusting for the interaction of external factors of wind-cold-dampness, there was no statistical significance between wind-cold-dampness scores and WOMAC scores in patients with solid biased constitution. The score of dampness and pathogenic factors was positively correlated with WOMAC stiffness score (r=0.414, P=0.007).@*CONCLUSION@#The external factors of wind-cold dampness have different effects on the clinical symptoms of KOA patients with different TCM constitutions. Compared with other constitutions, the rigid symptoms of patients with asthenic biased constitutions are more susceptible to dampness pathogenic factors.

Preliminary study of TRPV4 affects chondrocyte degeneration / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore and verify that transient receptor potential vanilloid 4(TRPV4) affects chondrocyte degeneration.@*METHODS@#Neonatal SD rats were selected, primary chondrocytes were extracted, and identified by toluidine blue staining and alcian blue staining;an in vitro chondrocyte inflammation model was constructed by IL-1β, and TRPV4 inhibitor was used to treat chondrocytes under inflammatory conditions, and the chondrocytes were treated by RT-PCR method was used to detect matrix metallopeptidase 13(MMP-13), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin 5, (ADAMTS-5)、nitric oxide synthase 2(NOS2)、Collagen, type II alpha 1(Col2α1)and aggrecan (Acan) mRNA in chondrocytes; primary chondrocytes were treated with different concentrations of TRPV4 overexpression plasmid, and the optimal overexpression dose was screened. The mRNA expressions of TRPV4, MMP-13, ADAMTS-5, NOS2, Col2α1 and Acan in chondrocytes under the optimal TRPV4 overexpression dose were detected.@*RESULTS@#Toluidine blue staining and Alcian blue staining identified the extracted cells as primary chondrocytes;RT-PCR showed that TRPV4, MMP-13, ADAMTS-5, NOS2 mRNA in chondrocytes treated with TRPV4 inhibitor under inflammatory conditions. The expression of Col2α1 mRNA was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the expression of Col2α1 mRNA was increased (P<0.05). Although there was no significant difference in the expression of Acan mRNA, the overall trend was also increasing. The expression of Col2α1 and Acan mRNA in chondrocytes was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the expression of NOS2 mRNA was increased(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Inhibiting the expression of TRPV4 can down-regulate the expression of genes related to chondrocyte degeneration.

Acupuncture for lumbar myofascial pain syndrome: systematic review and Meta-analysis / 中国针灸

This study systematically reviewed the clinical efficacy of acupuncture for lumbar myofascial pain syndrome. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding acupuncture for lumbar myofascial pain syndrome were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMbase, Scopus, China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, VIP database, and China biomedical literature service system (SinoMed) from database inception until August 1st, 2022. The Cochrane's risk of bias assessment tool was used to assess the risk of bias in all included studies, and Review Manager 5.3 software was used for statistical analysis of the extracted data. As a result, 12 RCTs, involving 1 087 patients with lumbar myofascial pain syndrome, were ultimately included. The Meta-analysis results showed that the visual analog scale (VAS) score of pain in the observation group was lower than those in the oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication control [SMD=-1.67, 95%CI (-2.44, -0.90), Z=4.26, P<0.000 1] and other treatment control [low-frequency electrical stimulation, tuina, electromagnetic wave irradiation combined with piroxicam gel, SMD=-1.98, 95%CI (-2.48, -1.48), Z=7.74, P<0.000 01]. The pain rating index (PRI) score in the observation group was lower than those in the lidocaine injection control [MD=-2.17, 95%CI (-3.41, -0.93), Z=3.44, P=0.000 6] and other treatment control [low-frequency electrical stimulation, tuina, MD=-5.75, 95%CI (-9.97, -1.53), Z=2.67, P=0.008]. The present pain intensity (PPI) score in the observation group was lower than that in other treatment control [low-frequency electrical stimulation, tuina, MD=-1.04, 95%CI (-1.55, -0.53), Z=4.01, P<0.000 1]. In conclusion, compared with oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication, low-frequency electrical stimulation, tuina, and electromagnetic wave irradiation combined with piroxicam gel, acupuncture is more effective in reducing pain in patients with lumbar myofascial pain syndrome; acupuncture also exhibites advantage over lidocaine injection in improving PRI score and showed better outcomes over tuina and low-frequency electrical stimulation in improving PRI and PPI scores.

Mechanism Analysis of Strengthening Anti-cerebral Ischemia Injury of Chuanxiong Rhizoma Processed with Wine Based on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS and Integrated Network Pharmacology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo analyze the differential components in water extract of Chuanxiong Rhizoma before and after processing with wine， and to explore the molecular mechanism of Chuanxiong Rhizoma processed with wine in enhancing anti-cerebral ischemia injury. MethodUltra high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry （UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS） was used to qualitatively analyze the main chemical components in water extract of Chuanxiong Rhizoma based on the spectral information of compound， comparison of reference substance and references. The chemical pattern recognition method was used to screen the differential components of Chuanxiong Rhizoma before and after processing. Based on these differential components， the potential targets of differential components were predicted by online databases， and the related targets of cerebral ischemia were searched. Cytoscape 3.6.0 was used to establish the network diagram of differential components-action targets-diseases of Chuanxiong Rhizoma processed with wine. The protein-protein interaction （PPI） network of intersection targets was constructed by STRING 11.5. The potential targets of differential components against cerebral ischemia were analyzed by Gene Ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） enrichment analysis through DAVID 6.8. At the same time， the chemical compounds with high relative content and increased peak area after wine processing were docked with their corresponding targets to verify the mechanism of enhanced effect after wine processing. ResultA total of 71 chemical components were identified from Chuanxiong Rhizoma， 34 differential components and 603 potential targets were screened out. At the same time， a total of 769 disease targets and 60 intersection targets were obtained. Seven key targets were identified through PPI network analysis， including JUN， signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 （MAPK3）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， vascular endothelial growth factor A （VEGFA）， Caspase-3 （CASP3） and mtrix metalloproteinase 9 （MMP9）. Tumor necrosis factor （TNF） signaling pathway was the main differential signaling pathway. The results of molecular docking showed that differential components （senkyunolide K， senkyunolide F， 3-n-butylphthalide， Z，Z′-6，8′，7，3′-diligustilide， ferulic acid and Z-ligustilide） and corresponding targets had good binding activities. ConclusionThe synergistic mechanism of Chuanxiong Rhizoma processed with wine may be related to the enhanced inhibitory effect of inflammatory reaction.

Effect of Modified Chaihu Shugansan on Gallbladder Function and Inflammatory Cytokines Levels in Treatment of Chronic Cholecystitis Cholelithiasis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and influence of modified Chaihu Shugansan combined with ursodeoxycholic acid tablets on inflammatory factors in treatment of chronic cholecystitis cholelithiasis （stagnation of liver and gallbladder Qi）. Method:One hundred and ten patients were randomly divided into control group （60 cases） and observation group （60 cases）. Both groups received lifestyle intervention， and oral ursodeoxycholic acid tablets， 50 mg/time， taken in the morning and evening meals. Patients in control group additionally took Yidanshu capsules orally， 4 capsules/time， 3 times/day. Patients in observation group additionally took modified Chaihu Shugansan orally， 1 dose/day. The treatment courses continued 3 months in both groups. Before and after treatment， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptom scores were graded， the ultrasound status of chronic gallbladder inflammation， gallbladder contraction function and stones was graded， the levels of interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-8， tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic> （TNF-<italic>α</italic>） and nuclear transcription factor-<italic>κ</italic>B（NF-<italic>κ</italic>B）Were detected， and safety was evaluated. The efficacy for TCM syndromes， imaging efficacy and the efficacy for eliminating gallbladder stones were compared between the two groups. Result:The efficacy for TCM syndrome， efficacy on color ultrasound for chronic cholecystitis and the efficacy on imaging for cholelithiasis in the observation group were all better than those in the control group（<italic>Z</italic>=2.104<italic>，Z</italic>=2.076，<italic>Z</italic>=2.101，<italic>P</italic><0.05）. The thickness of gallbladder wall and volume of the gallbladder of the observation group were smaller than those of the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and gallbladder contraction function was higher than that in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Levels of IL-6， IL-8， TNF-<italic>α</italic> and NF-<italic>κ</italic>B in observation group were lower than those in control group （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. Conclusion:modified Chaihu Shugansan combined with ursodeoxycholic acid in the treatment of chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis （liver and gall Qi stagnation） is better than Yidanshu capsule combined with ursodeoxycholic acid sour scheme in terms of clinical efficacy， imaging efficacy， and elimination of gallbladder stones. It can reduce inflammation， and enhance gallbladder contraction， with high safety in clinical use.

Radiomics technique for Type B aortic dissection:Feasibility and potential clinical utility / 中国实用外科杂志

Radiomics has recently emerged as a promising tool for analyzing digital medical images.Radiomics is defined as extracting innumerable,quantitative,and mineable features from medical images,by high-throughout computing.The technique has been initiated and now is typically used in oncology studies,buthas not been reported in aortic diseases.The use of imaging omics technology to assist the prognosis of type B aortic dissection has great feasibility,but it still needs to be further explored in the aspects of image acquisition standardization,automatic mechanization segmentation and new feature development of imaging omics.

Role of TLR4/NF-κB pathway for early change of synovial membrane in knee osteoarthritis rats / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To study role of TLR4/NF-κB pathway for early change of synovial membrane in knee osteoarthritis rats.@*METHODS@#Eighteen male SD rats weighted (200±20) g were randomly divided into 2 groups, namely control and model group, and 9 in each group. Knee OA model group was established by using modified Hulth method in model group. Control group was not treated. Synovial tissue and serum was extracted at 4 and 21 d after operation. Expression of CD14, TLR4, IL-1β, TNF-α, ADAMTS-4, MMP-13 were detected by real-time PCR respectively. NF-κB p65 protein was detected by Western-blot; serum concentrations of haluronic acid (HA), N-propeptide of type III procollagen(PIIINP) was detected by Elisa.@*RESULTS@#Expression of CD14, ADAMTS-4, and NF-κB p65 in model group were higher than that of control group at 4 and 21 days after operation, while expression of TLR4, IL-1β, TNF-α and MMP-13 were higher than that of control group at 21 days after operation(<0.01). Concentration of PIIINP and HA in model group were higher than that of control group at 4 days after operation, while there was no significant difference at 21 days after operation.@*CONCLUSIONS@#NF-κB pathway could mediate occurrence of KOA by early activating and triggeringg synovial increasingly secreting inflammatory secretion CD14, TLR4, IL-1β, TNF-α, ADAMTS-4, MMP-13, PIIINP and HA.

miR-593 inhibits proliferation of colon cancer cells by down-regulating PLK1 / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the role of miR-593 in regulating the proliferation of colon cancer cells and the molecular mechanism.@*METHODS@#Bioinformatics analysis identified PLK1 as the possible target gene of miR-593. Luciferase assay was employed to verify the binding between miR-593 and PLK1, and qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to verify that PLK1 was the direct target gene of miR-593. CCK-8 assay was performed to test the hypothesis that miR-593 inhibited the proliferation of colon cancer cells by targeting PLK1.@*RESULTS@#Luciferase assay identified the specific site of miR-593 binding with PLK1. Western blotting showed a significantly decreased expression of PLK1 in the colon cancer cells transfected with miR-593 mimics and an increased PLK1 expression in the cells transfected with the miR-593 inhibitor as compared with the control cells ( < 0.05). The results of qRT-PCR showed no significant differences in the expression levels of PLK1 among the cells with different treatments ( > 0.05). The cell proliferation assay showed opposite effects of miR-593 and PLK1 on the proliferation of colon cancer cells, and the effect of co-transfection with miR-593 mimic and a PLK1-overexpressing plasmid on the cell proliferation was between those in PLK1 over-expressing group and miR-593 mimic group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#miR-593 inhibits the proliferation of colon cancer cells by down-regulating PLK1 and plays the role as a tumor suppressor in colon cancer.

Construction and immunocompetence of recombinant DNA E.coli ghosts expressing Treponema pallidum adhesin Tp0751 / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To construct the recombinant DNA E.coli ghosts (EBGs) expressing Treponema pallidum adhesin Tp0751 (pcD/Tp0751-BG) and determine its immunocompetence in immunized mice,and provide a potential novel method for syphilis vaccine developing.Methods:The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)/Tp0751 was constructed and loaded into empty EBGs to create pcD/Tp0751-BG.The loading rate was determined accordingly.Macrophages cell line RAW264.7 was transfected with pcD/Tp0751-BG,and the expression of recombinant Tp0751(rTp0751) protein was detected by Western blot(WB).For immuno-competence in mice,the female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 6 groups,including three control groups,A (PBS),B (EBG),C (empty pcDNA),and experimental group D(naked pcD/Tp0751),E (pcD/Tp0751-BG) and F (pcD/Tp0751-BG+rTp0751).All the mice were immunized as indicated for three times by intramuscular injection at two weeks intervals.The levels of specific IgG in sera and SIgA in genital tract lavage fluid were measured by ELISA.Levels of lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-γ secretion in spleen cells were measured by CCK-8 Cell Counting Kit and ELISA as well,respectively.Results:The loading rate of pcD/Tp0751 to EBGs was 76.1%.WB showed that the target recombinant protein pcD/Tp0751 expressed in RAW264.7 cells was active with Tp-infected rabbit sera.The titers of specific IgG and SIgA in group D,E,F gradually increased to significantly higher level as compared to the control groups (P<0. 01),which reached its peak at wk 8 after last immunization(the titers of IgG and SIgA were 1 :102 400 and 1 :12 800 in group F,respectively). Higher levels of specific IgG and SIgA were observed in groups E and F as compared to group D after first boost (P<0. 01),with groups F higher than group E after last boost(P<0. 01). At wk 8 after the last boost,the stimulation index (SI) and levels of IFN-γ in group D,E,F were all significant higher than the control groups (P<0. 01), with group E and F higher than group D (P<0. 01),and group E higher than group F (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The recombinant DNA EBGs of T. pallidum adhesin Tp0751 (pcD/ Tp0751-BG) possesses the immunocompetence to induce not only strong mucosal and systemic humoral immune response but also systemic cellular immune response in BALB/ c mice. The heterologous boost can be more efficient than homologous boost during immunization process.

Correlation between prostatic parameters of transrectal ultrasonography and age in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the correlation of prostatic parameters of transrectal ultrasonography with age in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and the patterns of prostatic enlargement in different age groups of the patients.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively studied the reports of transrectal ultrasonography for 1 739 outpatients with BPH from January 2010 to December 2015, who were divided into four age groups, 50－59, 60－69, 70－79, and =≥80 years. We analyzed the patterns of prostatic enlargement in different age groups.@*RESULTS@#The transrectal ultrasonographic prostatic parameters, most significantly the transitional zone index (TZI), of the BPH patients were positively correlated with age. And the prostatic parameters were gradually increased with aging, with statistically significant differences among different age groups (P <0.05). The prostate was enlarged most quickly between 50 and 69 years of age.@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is a positive correlation between age and prostatic parameters of transrectal ultrasonography, particularly the transitional zone index, in patients with BPH, which indicates that TZI can serve as one of the best criteria in evaluating BPH. The volume of the prostate, especially that of the transitional zone, is increased with aging, reaching the peak between 50 and 69 years, which is of great significance for further study of the development and progression of BPH.

Non-small cell lung cancer with EML4-ALK positive expression: a clinicopathological analysis of 72 cases / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the frequency of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and its correlation with the clinicopathologic features.Methods 1 047 cases of non-small cell lung cancer diagnosed by pathological examination were enrolled in this study.The status of ALK was detected by Ventana anti ALK reagent and IHC staining,and the clinical characteristics and pathological features of ALK gene were analyzed.Results Among 1 047 patients with non-small cell lung cancer,there are 72 cases with positive ALK (6.88％).These cases included 70 cases of adenocrcinoms and 2 adenosquamous carcinomas,with 40 males and 32 females,or 37 smokers and 35 non-smokers.The median age was 56 years and the mean age was 55.60 years.Histopathologically,43 cases were solid predominant adnocarcinomas,16 cases were acinar predominant adenocarcinomas,and 13 cases were papillary predominant adenocarcinomas.None were lepidic predominant adenocarcinomas.Conclusion ALK gene fusion lung cancer is a new molecular subtype of nonsmall cell lung cancer.It has unique clinical feature and pathological morphology.Ventana anti ALK reagent and IHC staining method are the first choice for the test of ALK positive non-small cell lung cancer,which has important significance to improve the detection rate and individual treatment for this type of lung cancer.

Detection Rate, Distribution, Clinical and Pathological Features of Colorectal Serrated Polyps / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Colorectal serrated polyp is considered as histologically heterogeneous lesions with malignant potential in western countries. However, few Asian studies have investigated the comprehensive clinical features of serrated polyps in symptomatic populations. The aim of the study was to evaluate the features of colorectal serrated polyps in a Chinese symptomatic population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data from all consecutive symptomatic patients were documented from a large colonoscopy database and were analyzed. Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test and logistic regression analysis were used for the data processing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 9191 (31.7%) patients were detected with at least one colorectal polyp. The prevalence of serrated polyps was 0.53% (153/28,981). The proportions of hyperplastic polyp (HP), sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P), and traditional serrated adenoma (TSA) of all serrated polyps were 41.2%, 7.2%, and 51.6%, respectively, which showed a lower proportion of HP and SSA/P and a higher proportion of TSA. Serrated polyps appeared more in males and elder patients while there was no significant difference in the subtype distribution in gender and age. The proportions of large and proximal serrated polyps were 13.7% (21/153) and 46.4% (71/153), respectively. In total, 98.9% (89/90) serrated adenomas were found with dysplasia. Moreover, 14 patients with serrated polyps were found with synchronous advanced colorectal neoplasia, and large serrated polyps (LSPs) (odds ratio: 3.446, 95% confidence interval: 1.010-11.750, P < 0.05), especially large HPs, might have an association with synchronous advanced neoplasia (AN).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The overall detection rate of colorectal serrated polyps in Chinese symptomatic patient population was low, and distribution pattern of three subtypes is different from previous reports. Moreover, LSPs, especially large HPs, might be associated with an increased risk of synchronous AN.</p>

Glucan HBP-A increase type II collagen expression of chondrocytes in vitro and tissue engineered cartilage in vivo / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Although chondroprotective activities have been documented for polysaccharides, the potential target of different polysaccharide may differ. The study was aimed to explore the effect of glucan HBP-A in chondrocyte monolayer culture and chondrocytes-alginate hydrogel constructs in vivo, especially on the expression of type II collagen.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Chondrocytes isolated from rabbit articular cartilage were cultured and verified by immunocytochemical staining of type II collagen. Chondrocyte viability was assessed after being treated with HBP-A in different concentrations. Morphological status of chondrocytes-alginate hydrogel constructs in vitro was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The constructs were treated with HBP-A and then injected to nude mice subcutaneously. Six weeks after transplantation, the specimens were observed through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mRNA expressions of disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTs-5), aggrecan and type II collagen in both monolayer culture and constructs were determined by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The expression of type II collagen and matrix metalloproteinases-3 (MMP-3) in chondrocyte monolayer culture was also tested through Western blot and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MMP-3 secretion and ADAMTs-5 mRNA expression in vitro were inhibited by HBP-A at 0.3 mg/mL concentration. In morphological study, there were significant appearance of collagen in those constructs treated by HBP-A. Accordingly, in both chondrocyte monolayer culture and chondrocytes-alginate hydrogel constructs, the expression of type II collagen was increased significantly in HBP-A group when compared with control group (P<0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The study documented that the potential pharmacological target of glucan HBP-A in chondrocytes monolayer culture and tissue engineered cartilage in vivo may be concerned with the inhibition of catabolic enzymes MMP-3, ADAMTs-5, and increasing of type II collagen expression.</p>

Etablishment of cartilage degeneration model by IL-1 beta in vitro / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a reliable model for drug screening and therapy by culturing rat femoral head and inducing cartilage degeneration quickly in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The femoral heads from the same SD rats of two-month old were divided into control group and experimental group respectively. They were cultured with DMEM medium plus 10% fetal bovine serum or DMEM medium plus 10% fetal bovine serum plus 50 ng/ml IL-1β for three days. Femoral heads were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, decalcified, dehydrated, embedded in paraffin and cut into slices. Specimens were stained with Toluidine blue and Safranine O-Fast Green FCF. The protein expression levels of type II collagen, MMP13, Sox9 and ADAMTS5 were analyzed by immunofluorescence.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both the Toluidine blue and Safranine O staining were pale in the margin of femoral heads which were stimulated with IL-1β for three days compared to that in control group. The Fast Green FCF staining was positive at the edge of the femoral head in experimental group, which indicated that cartilage became degenerated. The expression levels of both type H collagen and Sox9 were decreased significantly while the expression levels of MMP13 and ADAMTS5 were increased in experimental group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The model of cartilage degeneration is established by culturing and inducing the degeneration of the femoral heads quickly in vitro.</p>

Cultural regionalization for Notopterygium incisum based on 3S technology platform. I. Evaluation for growth suitability for N. incisum based on ecological factors analysis by Maxent and ArcGIS model / 中国中药杂志

Growth suitability as assessment indicators for medicinal plants cultivation was proposed based on chemical quality determination and ecological factors analysis by Maxent and ArcGIS model. Notopterygium incisum, an endangered Chinese medicinal plant, was analyzed as a case, its potential distribution areas at different suitability grade and regionalization map were formulated based on growth suitability theory. The results showed that the most suitable habitats is Sichuan province, and more than 60% of the most suitable areawas located in the western Sichuan such as Aba and Ganzi prefectures for N. incisum. The results indicated that habitat altitude, average air temperature in September, and vegetation types were the dominant factors contributing to the grade of plant growth, precipitation and slope were the major factors contributing to notopterol accumulation in its underground parts, while isoimperatorin in its underground parts was negatively corelated with precipitation and slope of its habitat. However, slope as a factor influencing chemical components seemed to be a pseudo corelationship. Therefore, there were distinguishing differences between growth suitability and quality suitability for medicinal plants, which was helpful to further research and practice of cultivation regionalization, wild resource monitoring and large-scale cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine plants.

Study on distribution features of tender points in patients with knee osteoarthritis by cluster analysis / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the distribution features of tender points in knee of patients with knee osteoarthritis in order to provide evidences for the treatment and diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From November 2011 to December 2012,86 patients with knee osteoarthritis were recruited, including 21 males and 65 females, ranging in age from 45 to 85 years old, with an average of (59.98 +/- 8.23) years old. The course of disease ranged from 3 months to 15 years. The tender points and its distributions were determined by finger press carefully on their knees. Data of studying was analyzed by frequency statistics and Hierachical cluster analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The distribution of tender points in the knee osteoarthritis was mainly in the interior region and anterior area such as in apex of patella, adductor tubercle and et al. According to the results of hierachical cluster analysis, the tender points could be divided into two categories the first cluster was in the interior region of knee, the second cluster was in the lateral region.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The findings demonstrated that cluster analysis statistical method can be used for classification of the distribution of tender points. The distribution features of tender points in knee osteoarthritis are related to the anatomic site in knee.</p>

Expressions of FOXC1 and MMP-7 in molecular subtypes of breast cancer and their association with clinicopathological characteristics / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expressions of FOXC1 and matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer and their association with clinicopathological characteristics of the disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on immunohistochemical results of ER, PR, HER2, CK5/6, CK14 and EGFR, 105 breast cancer patients were classified as 4 subtypes: luminal, HER2 positive, basal-like subtype (BLs) and normal breast-like subtype (NBLs). The association of FOXC1 and MMP-7 expressions with clinicopathological parameters in different molecular subtypes was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Out of 105 patients with breast cancer, the subtypes of luminal, HER2 positive, BLs and NBLs accounted for 52.4% (55/105), 16.2% (17/105), 17.1%(18/105) and 14.3% (15/105), respectively. Patients with luminal and/or NBLs subtypes had significantly higher 5-year survival rate than those with HER2 positive and/or BLs did (log-rank=22.161, P<0.01). The overall positive expression rate of FOXC1 was 26.7% (28/105) and the expression was higher in BLs patients than that in other subgroups (χ²=30.108, P<0.01). The expression of FOXC1 was correlated with histological grade, tumor size, distant metastasis and 5-year survival rate of breast cancer. The overall positive expression rate of MMP-7 was 67.6% (71/105) and the expression of MMP-7 was also higher in BLs patients than that in other molecular subtypes (χ²=11.328, P<0.05). The positive expression of MMP-7 was correlated with metastasis in ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes, distant metastasis and 5-year survival rate of the patients. FOXC1 was correlated with MMP-7 (r=0.325, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Patients with luminal and/or NBLs breast cancer have more favorable prognosis than those with HER2 positive and/or BLs subtypes. The expressions of FOXC1 and MMP-7 are closely correlated with the clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients.</p>

Regulating effect of anodonta glucan HBP-A on chondrocytes through Wnt pathway / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate regulation function of anodonta glucan HBP-A on chondrocytes through Wnt pathway in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat chondrocytes were cultured and differentiated induced with IL-1beta (10 ng/ml) in vitro. Chondrocytes were divided into five groups:IL-13 group,IL-1beta + IWP-2 (5 microM,Wnt pathway inhibitor) group, IL-1beta + HBP-A (0.3 mg/ml) group and IL-1beta + IWP-2 + HBP-A group. Wnt-3a, beta-catenin (24 h,48 h,72 h) and MMP-13(72 h) genes expression were detected by Rt-PCR, while beta-catenin, MMP-13, Sox-9 and coll-II (48 h) protein expression were measured by Western-blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After induction of IL-1beta, gene expression of Wnt-3a, beta-catenin and MMP-13 were increased,so were the protein expression of beta-catenin and MMP-13. In contrast,protein expression of Sox-9 and Coll-II were declined. Following addition of HBP-A, Wnt-3a, beta-catenin and MMP-13 were shown as induction of IL-1beta, but protein expression of Sox-9 and Coll-II were upgraded. Combining HBP-A with IWP-2 led to the lowest level in Wnt-3a, beta-catenin gene and beta-catenin protein expression and highest expression of Sox-9 protein.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HBP-A could not only delay the differentiation of chondrocytes through downgrading the signal expression of Wnt/beta-catenin,but also adjust the expression of Wnt-3a, beta-catenin and Sox-9 when combinated with the Wnt inhibitor.</p>

Application of biomarker CTX- II in osteoarthritis / 中国骨伤

Effective biomarkers for clinical usage of osteoarthritis are still limited. It was confirmed that C-terminal crosslinking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX- II) was a specific marker reflecting degradation of articular cartilage. Detection of CTX- II could promptly reflect level of cartilage injury and degradation ,diagnose OA,predict its progress,monitor effects of drug treatment, thus, reflect the condition of osteoarthritis patient indirectly. Application of CTX- II focused mainly on in the early stage of OA and need together to detect with other biomarkers,in order to more accurately reflection of the pathological changes of OA,but the specific clinical significance of CTX- II results still need to improve further.

Study on the diagnostic value of whole-organ magnetic resonance imaging score (WORMS) in knee osteoarthritis / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the diagnostic value of whole-organ magnetic resonance imaging score (WORMS) in knee osteoarthritis (KOA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From November 2009 to January 2011,70 patients with KOA combined with knee effusion among outpatient and inpatient were analyzed retrospectively. Among the patients, 12 patients were male, 58 patients were female,ranging in age from 46 to 75 years,with a mean age of (59.66 +/- 9.93) years. The clinical symptoms were evaluated by WOMAC, the imaging of KOA was assessed by K-L score and WORMS, and COMP and CTX- II were measured respectively by ELISA. The correlation analyses and multiple linear regression analysis were studied to determine associations among biomarkers, clinical variables and radiographic findings of knee joints.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average scores of WOMAC and WORMS were (57.50 +/- 8.20) and (64.54 +/- 16.45) respectively. The median of CTX- II nd COMP were 2.42 ng/ml and 4.56 ng/ml respectively. Grouped by less than the lowest quartile and more than the highest quartile of WORMS, COMP was significantly different (Z=2.04, P=0.039), but there was no significant difference in CTX-II (Z=0.79, P=0.427). WORMS were positively correlated with WOMAC and K-L score (r=0.777, P<0.01; r=0.716, P<0.01; respectively); WOMAC was also positively correlated with K-L score (r=0.692, P<0.01). WORMS's cartilage, osteophytes and synovitis were positively correlated with WOMAC, K-L score and COMP respectively (r=0.771, P<0.01; r=0.509, P<0.01; r=0.917, P<0.01). It was determined by stepwise regression that the KOA was mainly affected by WORMS, K-L score (P=0.015, P=0.025 respectively) when WOMAC as a dependent variable, age, gender, K-L score, WORMS, COMP and CTX- II as independent variables (F=20.327, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>WORMS has a better reference value for diagnosis of KOA. The expression of COMP is high in the synovial fluid when WORMS at the high point. The clinical symptoms of knee osteoarthritis are mainly affected by WORMS and K-L score.</p>