Isolation and identification of urine-derived stem cells from female patients with interstitial cystitis/ bladder pain syndrome / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To establish the method for isolation and culture of urine-derived stem cells (USCs) from female patients with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS).Methods The USCs were collected from fresh midstream urine samples from 6 female IC/BPS patients admitted to our hospital from June 2018 to December 2018.The 6 patients were 33-55 years old (average 41.5 years old),and their course of illness was 2-18 years (average 8 years).The USCs were isolated from the urine through times of centrifugation and cultured in specific medium.Growth curve and cell cycle of USCs were observed.The expression of surface markers of USCs was analyzed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence,the smooth muscle and epithelial differentiation potential of USCs were detected by immunofluorescence staining of surface markers of smooth muscle cells and epithelial cells.Results USCs were successfully extracted from 3 of 6 female patients,and the success rate reached 50％ by once extraction.USCs showed a "rice-grain" spindle appearance and showed logarithmic growth.USCs expressed surface markers associated with mesenchymal stem cells (e.g.CD44,CD73,CD105,CD133) and embryonic stem cells [e.g.stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4)] and pericytes[e.g.CD146,platelet derived growth factor beta receptor (PDGFRB) and NG2],but didn't express hematopoietic stem cell surface markers(e.g.CD31,CD34 and CD45).When induced to smooth muscle cells or epithelial cells,the cells expressed the surface markers of smooth muscle cells [e.g.desmin,myosin,alpha-smooth muscle actin(otSMA) and vimentin] and epithelial cells(e.g.uroplakin 1A,uroplakin 3B,AE1/AE3 and cytokeratin 13).Conclusions The method of isolation and culture of USCs from female IC/BPS patients was successfully established,and it provides a preliminary technical method for exploring the application of USCs in the clinical study of IC/BPS patients with autologous treatment.

Cyclophosphamide-induced HCN1 channel upregulation in interstitial Cajal-like cells leads to bladder hyperactivity in mice

Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are confirmed to be expressed in bladder interstitial Cajal-like cells (ICC-LCs), but little is known about their possible role in cystitis-associated bladder dysfunction. The present study aimed to determine the functional role of HCN channels in regulating bladder function under inflammatory conditions. Sixty female wild-type C57BL/6J mice and sixty female HCN1-knockout mice were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups, respectively. Cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cystitis models were successfully established in these mice. CYP treatment significantly enhanced HCN channel protein expression and I(h) density and significantly altered bladder HCN1 channel regulatory proteins. Carbachol (CCH) and forskolin (FSK) exerted significant effects on bladder ICC-LC [Ca²⁺]i in CYP-treated wild-type (WT) mice, and HCN1 channel ablation significantly decreased the effects of CCH and FSK on bladder ICC-LC [Ca²⁺]i in both naive and CYP-treated mice. CYP treatment significantly potentiated the spontaneous contractions and CCH (0.001-10 µM)-induced phasic contractions of detrusor strips, and HCN1 channel deletion significantly abated such effects. Finally, we demonstrated that the development of CYP-induced bladder overactivity was reversed in HCN1 -/- mice. Taken together, our results suggest that CYP-induced enhancements of HCN1 channel expression and function in bladder ICC-LCs are essential for cystitis-associated bladder hyperactivity development, indicating that the HCN1 channel may be a novel therapeutic target for managing bladder hyperactivity.

Prevention of perioperative pressure ulcer for hypoalbuminemia patients with renal transplantation / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of intervention nursing on the formation of pressure ulcer in hypoalbuminemia patients with renal transplantation.Methods From February 2011 to June 2015,the 134 cases of hypoalbuminemia patients with renal transplantation in our hospital were divided into the observation group (73 cases)and the control group (61 cases).The control group were given conven-tional nursing methods for prevention of pressure ulcers,and the observation group were given corresponding intervention nursing measures on the basis of pressure ulcer risk factors.Then assessed the risk factors of pressure ulcers,the occurrence of pressure ulcers,and the rate of nursing satisfaction.Results The incidence of pressure ulcer in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05).The rate of nursing satisfaction in the observation group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05).The risk factors for hypoalbuminemia patients with renal transplantation were decrease of sensory response,increase of moisture in the compressed part,and increase of friction and shear forces in the compressed part.The occurrence of these risks could be significantly decreased after inter-vention nursing.Conclusion Effective nursing care can significantly reduce the incidence of pressure sores in hypoalbuminemia patients with renal transplantation and improve the nursing satisfaction.This method can be recommended for clinical nursing care for prevention of periop-erative pressure ulcer.

Influence of peripherally inserted central catheter phlebotomizing and venipuncture phlebotomizing on detection of coagulation function / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To test the influence of peripherally inserted central catheter ( PICC) phlebotomizing and venipuncture ( VP) phlebotomizing on detection of coagulation function, so as to comfirm the feasibility of PICC. Methods Took 2 blood samples from the same patient, and divided the blood samples in to the PICC group and the VP group according to the methods of phlebotomizing to adopt a parallel controlled trial. Pearson correlation analysis and Bland-Altman analysis were taken during the following research. Results The 5 items of blood coagulation indexes testing showed that the results of PICC group and VP group were highly correlated, and the correlation coefficient was 0. 990 to 0. 997. The mean biases obtained by Bland-Altman analysis were closer to 0. Conclusion PICC and traditional method of VP showed obvious correlation and accordance in terms of the 5 indexes of coagulation function detection, which indicated that PICC is feasible for coagulation function detection.

Influence of catheterization for urinary tract infection and importance of humanistic nursing / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To explore the influence of catheterization for urinary tract infections and the importance of humanistic nursing. Methods Totally 248 patients who were admitted into our hospital from February 2013 to April 2014 were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the control group (117 cases) were given spray fungicide and regular disinfection of urethra by nursing staff, and patients in the observation group (131 cases) were nursed by themselves or their family after been taught the way of spraying fungicide and cleaning. Ana-lyzed the psychological status, routine urine, urinary tract infections, nursing job satisfaction of the patients, and the relevant data were ana-lyzed by SPSS 17. 0 software. Results The third day after placing urinary catheter urethra, the relevant nursing can reduce the rate of urina-ry tract infections in patients. the difference of the two groups was statistically significant (P0. 05). Infection rate of male patients (29. 01%) is higher than female patients (10. 69%). The satisfaction rate of urethra care in the observation group was 87. 79%, and the satisfaction rate of other project were all higher than 92. 5%. The satisfaction rate of urinary tract nursing check in the control group was 79. 49%, and the satisfaction rate of nurse-patient communication was 83. 76%. It was found that the difference of communication between nurses and patients, service attitude and the urethra care were statistically significant. Conclusion It can reduce the rate of urinary tract infection after placing urinary catheter in pa-tients for 7 days and nursed by patients themselves with spraying fungicide and cleaning. Strengthen the humanistic nursing care can improve nursing satisfaction.

Inhibitory effect of interferonα-1b and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor on renal cancer cell and xenografts in nude mouse / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect on human ACHN cell line and its mice xenograft by using interferon α-1b combined with cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor and the relevant mechanism in vitro and vivo experiment .Methods ACHN cell and the xenograft mice were devided into 4 groups(IFN-α1b,NS398,IFNα-1b+NS398 and control group).The inhibitory effects were tested by CCK8(Cell Counting Kit 8)assay after AHCN were treated for 24 h and 48 h.The expression of bcl-xl and COX-2 were detected by Western blot .The vol-ume of the xenografts of ACHN cell line and testing the expression of VEGF in xenografts were measured by immunohistochemistry assay .Re-sults Both IFNα-1b and NS398 exerted inhibitory effects on ACHN and this effects showed a rising trend with a increasing concentration of drugs.The combined group was more significant than monotherapy group (P<0.05).Western blot assay showed that IFNα-1b and NS398 downregulated the expression of bcl-xl and COX-2 in ACHN.The combined group was more significant than monotherapy group (P<0.05). The combined group has the greatest inhibitory effects on the xenografts of ACHN cell line compared with monotherapy group and control group(P<0.05).The expression of VEGF in tumor was obiviously inhibited in combined group compared with monotherapy group and con -trol group (P<0.05).Conclusion IFNα-1b combined with NS398 can inhibit the proliferation of ACHN and suppress the tumor growth .

Clinical study on the efficacy of tamsulosin in the distal ureter calculi expelling after ureteroscopic lithotripsy / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy of tamsulosin in the distal ureter calculi expelling after ureteroscopic lithotripsy. Methods A total of 120 patients with distal ureteral calculi were enrolled and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 60 patients in each group. Patients in the observation group received tamsulosin and traditional treatment ( including liquid impact therapy,anti-inflammatory and analgesia) ,while patients in the control group received placebo and traditional treatment after operation. The number of colic episodes,lower urinary tract symptoms,analgesic dosage,and time of calculus removing were recorded and all the data were statistically analysed through software SPSS 13. 0. Results There was no singinificant difference between the two groups in the rate of calculus removing (P>0. 05), but it took less time in the observation group (P<0. 05). In addition, it was of less low urinary tract symptoms, low-er rate of analgesic usage and colic episodes in the observation group with statistically significant differences compared with the control group (P<0. 05). Conclusion The application of tamsulosin after ureteroscopic lithotripsy can reduce the rate of colic episodes and analgesic dosage and time of calculus removing.

Role of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation nonselective channel in spontaneous contrac-tion of smooth muscles in human isolated ureters / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To investigate effects of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated cation nonselective channel in the hu-man ureter on the spontaneous contraction of smooth muscles. Methods Four HCN subtypes were detected in human ureteral tissue using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,Western blotting and immunohistochemical. ZD7288,the HCN blocker, was used to observe the changes of ureteral muscle contraction amplitude and frequency by applying the ureteral smooth muscle strip test in vitro. Results HCN1-4 isoforms were all identified in human ureter using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Through the immunohistochemical,HCN channel was found mostly in the urothelium layer and muscular layer of human ureteral wall. ZD7288 significantly decreased the bladder excitation. Conclusion All 4 HCN channel hypotypes exist in the human ureter, and affect the ureteral excitation.

TVT-O in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence: long-term evaluation and urodynamic study / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the long-term outcomes,complications and urodynamic parameters of using tension-free vaginal tape-obturator(TVT-O)in the treatment of patients with stress urinary incontinence.Methods Preoperative and postoperative evaluations including urodynamic data and quality of life were performed for 24 patients with stress urinary incontinence who were enrolled and treated with TVT-O between May 2007 and June 2011.Results Patients completed long-term postoperative follow-up from 12 to 60 months after surgery.Twenty-one(87.5％)patients achieved long-term subjective success and 22(91.7％)achieved objective success.Surgical satisfaction and quality of life was high.Long-term postoperative abdominal leak point pressure of 23 patient was greater than 100 cm H2O,and the remaining parameters preoperative and postoperative showed no significant differences.Voiding difficulty and external reflection voding desire were the main long-term complications.Conclusions TVT-O is with few complications and high patient satisfaction.It is a simple,safe and effective procedure for treatment of patients with stress urinary incontinence.Long follow-up period is important for the comprehensive evaluation of TVT-O.Postoperative urodynamic study has significance in complications,diagnosis and evaluation.

The surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence recurrence after operation / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect and safety of transobturator inside-out tension-free urethral suspension (TVT-O) as the surgical treatment on post-operational recurrence of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods Eleven women with SUI recurrence who underwent TVT-O were selected in the research. Their incontinence recurred from 1 months to 8 years after the previous surgical treatment.Results The operative time was (28 ±9) min, the bleeding volume was (15 ±5) ml. Postoperative complications: urinary retention in 1 case, vaginal erosion in 1 case. Follow-up was enforced for 6-36months, median time was 16 months. Grouts-Blaivas analogue scale:among the 11 patients, 9 patients were cured, 2 patients were improved. ICI-Q-SF score: preoperative 13-21 ( 15.36 ± 2.34) scores compared to postoperative 0-9 (1.46 ±3.27) scores (t =5.850,P ＜0.01 ). I-QOL score: preoperative 23.33-36.67(29.85 ± 4.74) scores compared to postoperative 66.67-100.00 (95.15 ± 10.12) scores (t = 17.753,P ＜0.01 ). PISQ-12 score of 10 patients: preoperative 16-25 (20.10 ± 3.07) scores compared to postoperative 11-20( 14.00 ± 2.83 ) scores (t = 11.600, P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusion If conservative treatments fail, TVT-O is highly effective and safe for the postoperative recurrent SUI.

Correlation between urodynamic parameters and vaginal deliveries in women with genuine stress urinary incontinence / 中国康复理论与实践

@# ObjectiveTo identify the relationship between urodynamic parameters and vaginal deliveries in women with genuine stress urinary incontinence(GSI).Methods56 women with vaginal delivery history who were diagnosed as stress urinary incontinence underwent urodynamic tests.Their abdominal leak point pressures(ALPP),maximum urethral closure pressure(MUCP) and functional urethral length(FUL) were recorded,and their Correlation to vaginal deliveries was tested using linear correlation coefficient.ResultsCorrelation between vaginal deliveries and ALPP showed a significant relationship(r=-0.349,P<0.05).Neither MUCP nor FUL showed a close relationship with vaginal deliveries(r=-0.219 and r=-0.178 respectively,P>0.05).ConclusionVaginal delivery plays an important role in the pathogenesis of GSI.The more vaginal deliveries,the more serious GSI.

Effects of stretch load on quantity and c-kit expression of rat bladder interstitial cells of Cajal / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To investigate the effects of stretch load on the quantity of rat bladder interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) and c-kit expression in the cells. Methods Rat models of detrusor instability with partial outflow obstruction were established. The quantity of ICCs and c-kit expression in ICCs from stable, unstable and normal detrusor were studied with light microscopy and Western blotting. Results The quantity of ICCs and expression of c-kit in the stable and unstable detrusors were higher than that in normal control group (P

Connexin 43 expression in cultured interstitial cells of Cajal from guinea pigs / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To explore the expression of connexin 43 in the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) from guinea pig bladder in vitro. Methods Bladder ICCs were primarily cultured from guinea pigs by collagenase digestion method. Primarily cultured bladder smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from guinea pig were taken as control. The expressions of c-kit and smooth muscle actin (SMA) were detected by immunofluorescent method. Immumofluorescent method and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of Connexin 43 in 2 groups of cells. Results The expression of c-kit was positive in ICCs but negative in the control group. On the contrary, the expression of SMA was negative in ICCs but positive in the control group. Connexin 43 expression was significantly higher in ICCs than that in the control group (P

Expressions of NSE and nNOS of interstitial cells of Cajal in vitro from guinea pigs / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To explore the expression of neuron specific enolase(NSE)and neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS)in the interstitial cells of Cajal(ICCs)in vitro from guinea pigs.Methods The ICCs of bladder were primary cultured from guinea pigs by collagenase digestion.The control group was smooth muscle cell(SMC)of bladder primary cultured from guinea pigs.The expression of c-kit and smooth muscle actin(SMA)were detected by immumofluorescence.RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA level and protein content of NSE and nNOS at 1,3 and 5 d after primary culture.Results The expression of c-kit was positive in the ICCs of bladder but negative in the control group,while the expression of SMA was negative in the ICCs of bladder but positive in the control group.Both NSE and nNOS of the ICCs of bladder were high in the mRNA and protein content,but were negative in the control group.Conclusion NSE and nNOS were expressed stably in the ICCs of bladder in vitro,indicating that the ICCs of bladder may be involved in the regulation of bladder function.

Effects of stretch load on the ultramicrostructure and c-kit gene expression of the bladder ICCs in rats / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To investigate the effects of stretch load on the ultramicrostructure and c-kit expression of the bladder interstitial cells of cajal (ICCs) in rats. Methods Rat model with detrusor overactivity due to partial outflow obstruction with bladder neck ligation were established. The effects of stretch load on the changes of ultramicrostructure of the bladder ICCs were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The changes in c-kit gene expression of ICCs in stable, overactive, and normal detrusors were analyzed with RT-PCR. Results The ultramicrostructure of the ICCs changed significantly. The expression of c-kit was significantly higher in the overactive group than that in stable and normal groups (P

Ureteroscopy for diagnosis and treatment of renal colic / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of ureteroscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of renal colic. Methods A total of 50 cases of renal colic were diagnosed and treated by ureteroscopy. Stones with size smaller than 0 5 cm were removed, but lithoclasty was performed on those stones with size bigger than 0 5 cm. In addition, J shaped catheters or ureteral catheters were indwelt for drainage. Results Successful removal of stones and lithoclasty were achieved in 12 and 30 cases, respectively. No urolithiasis and other lesions were found in 3 cases. Improvement was found in those cases with indwelt catheters. The average stay was 4-5 d. Correlative etiological factors were found in 2 patients by ureteroscopy. Conclusion Transurethral ureteroscopy is an effective and safe method for the diagnosis and treatment of renal colic.

Treatment of acute renal failure caused by ureteric obstruction with ureteroscopy in 28 cases / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of ureteroscopy for the treatment of acute renal failure caused by ureteric obstruction. Methods A total of 28 cases of acute renal failure caused by ureteric obstruction were treated with ureteroscopy combined with pneumatic lithotriptor, holmium YAG laser, and ESWL. Results Renal function and urine volume of patients return to normal after treatment, while the stone free rate was up to 92.9% (26/28). Conclusion Ureteroscopy is a new, efficient, and safe method for the treatment of acute renal failure induced by ureteric obstruction.

Clinical significance of detrusor leak point pressure study in evaluating damage of the upper urinary tract secondary to neurogenic voiding dysfunction / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To evaluate clinical significance of detrusor leak point pressure (DLPP) in the damage of the upper urinary tract secondary to neurogenic voiding dysfunction. Methods 38 cases of voiding dysfunction received the urodynamic test,especially detecting of detrusor leak point pressure. Results 38 cases were divided into 2 groups by DLPP of 4.0 kPa,26 in high DLPP group and 12 in low DLPP group.The bladder capacity of the high pressure group is (422.95?183.27)ml,significantly less than the low pressure group (464.83?106.43)ml,and its compliance is lower as well as with DSD.Clinical results of B ultrasound,IVU,BUN,Cr show that the high pressure group has more serious than that in the low pressure group. Conclusions DLPP is valuable in evaluating the damage of upper urinary tract secondary to neurogenic voiding dysfunction.

Effect of pelvic floor stimulation on the bladder function in goats / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To study the effect of pelvic floor electric stimulation on bladder function in goats. Methods 18 goats were randomized into the stimulating and the control group. Results In the stimulating group,the bladder capacity significantly increased by 24%,the voiding pressure significantly declined by 24% and the metabolic level of the detrusor cells is significantly lower. Conclusions Electric stimulation of the pelvic floor would inhibit bladder contraction and may be helpful in the management of instable bladder and stress incontinence.

An experimental study on the influence of electrical pelvic floor stimulation to the goats' urethral function / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To observe the goats' urethral urodynamic and biochemical changes after electrical pelvic floor stimulated. Methods 18 goats were randomized into the stimulating group with pelvic floor stimulation and the control group. Results After being stimulated,the urethral continence length significantly increased by 7.8%( P