Effects of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion on the expression of thyroid autophagy-related factors LC3B and Beclin-1 in rats with autoimmune thyroiditis / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the anti-inflammatory effect, as well as the effect on the expression of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3B (LC3B) and Beclin-1 of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion in rats with experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT). Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal group and a modeling group. The EAT rat model was prepared by a combination of antigen immunization plus iodine agent induction. After the model was prepared, rats in the modeling group were randomly and equally divided into a model group and a herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group. In the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group, moxibustion was alternately applied to two groups of points [Dazhui (GV14)-Mingmen (GV4) and Tiantu (CV22)-Guanyuan (CV4)], and the treatment continued for 30 d. Rats in the normal and model groups were only fixed identically without intervention. Histopathological manifestations of thyroid glands were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining; the concentrations of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of autophagy-related factors LC3B and Beclin-1 in thyroid tissue. Results: There were massive follicular destruction, lymphocytic infiltration, and interstitial fibrous tissue hyperplasia of the thyroid glands in the model group. Some follicles of the thyroid glands were destroyed with few lymphocyte infiltrations and fibrous tissue hyperplasia in the moxibustion group. Compared with the normal group, the concentrations of serum TPOAb, TGAb, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were increased in the model rats (P<0.05); the mRNA and protein expression levels of LC3B and Beclin-1 in thyroid tissue were reduced in the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the concentrations of serum TPOAb, TGAb, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were reduced in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group (P<0.05); the mRNA and protein expression levels of LC3B and Beclin-1 in thyroid tissue were increased in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group (P<0.05). The mRNA and protein expression of LC3B and Beclin-1 in thyroid tissue was negatively correlated with the serum levels of TPOAb and TGAb.Conclusion: Herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion reduces the inflammatory response in the thyroid glands of EAT rats and lowers the levels of serum TPOAb and TGAb. This may be related to the regulation of mRNA and protein expression of the autophagy-associated factors LC3B and Beclin-1 in rat thyroid tissue.

Rutaecarpine prevents Ang II -induced vascular smooth muscle cell senescence through TRPV1/ SIRT1 pathway / 中国药理学通报

Aim To evaluate the effects of Rutaecarpine(Rut)on the expression of SIRT1 and the senescence of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)induced by angiotensin Ⅱ.Methods VSMC senescencewas induced by exposure to AngⅡ(1 μmol·L-1)for 72 h.VSMCs were treated with different concentrations of Rut(0.3, 1, 3 μmol·L-1).TRPV1 competitive antagonist CAPZ(10 μmol·L-1)and AMPK inhibitor Compound C(1 μmol·L-1)were used to explore whether TRPV1/AMPK mediated the protective effect of Rut.The quantity of senescent cells were determined by senescence-associated SA-β-Gal staining, and the intracellular ROS level was measured by(DCFH-DA)fluorescent probe.The migration ability of VSMCs was evaluated by Wound-healing assay combined with Transwell assay.The protein level of longevity protein SIRT1 and senescence-related proteins p53, p21 and AMPK phosphorylation level were detected by Western blot.Results Rut significantly inhibited Ang Ⅱ-induced VSMC senescence and ROS production and prevented VSMCs migration.Preprocessing of TRPV1 antagonist CAPZ could abolish the protective effect of Rut.Ang Ⅱ inhibited the expression of longevity protein SIRT1.Rut recovered SIRT1 expression in a dose-dependent manner, while prevented the up-regulation of senescence-related proteins p53 and p21.Ang Ⅱ inhibited AMPK phosphorylation, pre-treatment with Rut restored AMPK phosphorylation level.CAPZ and Compound C eliminated the up-regulating function of Rut on SIRT1 expression.Conclusions Rut up-regulates the expression of SIRT1 and prevents the senescence and migration of VSMCs induced by Angiotensin Ⅱ, which is related to activation of the TRPV1/AMPK signaling pathway.

Short-term efficacy of venetoclax combined with azacitidine in acute myeloid leukemia: a single-institution experience / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To explore the safety and short-term efficacy of venetoclax combined with azacitidine (Ven+AZA) in previously untreated patients unfit for standard chemotherapy and patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in China. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 60 previously untreated patients unfit for standard chemotherapy and patients with R/R AML who received Ven+ AZA (venetoclax, 100 mg D1, 200 mg D2, 400 mg D3-28; azacitidine, 75 mg/m(2) D1- 7) at the Peking University Institute of Hematology from June 1, 2019 to May 31, 2021. The incidence of adverse events, complete remission (CR) /CR with incomplete hematological recovery (CRi) rate, objective remission rate (ORR) , and minimal residual disease (MRD) status in patients with different risk stratification and gene subtypes were analyzed. Results: The median age of the patients was 54 (18-77) years, 33 (55.0%) were males, and the median follow-up time was 4.8 (1.4-26.3) months. Among the 60 patients, 24 (40.0%) were previously untreated patients unfit for standard chemotherapy, and 36 (60.0%) were R/R patients. The median mumber cycles of Ven+AZA in the two groups were both 1 (1-5) . According to the prognostic risk stratification of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, it was divided into 8 cases of favorable-risk, 2 cases of intermediate risk, and 14 cases of poor-risk. In previously untreated patients unfit for standard chemotherapy, after the first cycle of Ven+AZA, 17/24 (70.8%) cases achieved CR/CRi, 3/24 (12.5%) achieved partial remission (PR) , and the ORR was 83.3%. Among them, nine patients received a second cycle chemotherapy and two received a third cycle. Among CR/CRi patients, 8/17 (47.1%) achieved MRD negativity after two cycles of therapy. In the R/R group, after the first cycle of Ven+AZA, 21/36 (58.3%) cases achieved CR/CRi (7/21 achieved MRD negativity) , 3 achieved PR, and the ORR was 66.7%. Among R/R patients, 12 were treated for more than two cycles. There were no new CR/CRi patients after the second treatment cycle, and 14 cases (66.7%) achieved MRD negativity. According to the time from CR to hematological recurrence, the R/R group was divided into 12 cases in the favorable-risk group (CR to hematological recurrence ≥18 months) and 24 in the poor-risk group (CR to hematological recurrence<18 months, no remission after one cycle of therapy, and no remission after two or more cycles of therapy) . Eleven of 24 (45.8%) cases achieved CR/CRi after one cycle of Ven+AZA in the poor-risk R/R group, and 10 of 12 (83.3%) achieved CR/CRi in the favorable-risk R/R group, which was significantly superior to the poor-risk group (P=0.031) . After one cycle of treatment, 13 patients with IDH1/2 mutations and 4 that were TP53-positive all achieved CR/CRi. The CR/CRi rate of 18 patients with NPM1 mutations was 77.8%. Five patients with RUNX1-RUNX1T1 combined with KIT D816 mutation (two initial diagnoses and three recurrences) had no remission. Ven+ AZA was tolerable for AML patients. Conclusion: Ven+AZA has acceptable safety in previously untreated patients unfit for standard chemotherapy, patients with R/R AML can achieve a high response rate, and some patients can achieve MRD negativity. It is also effective in NPM1-, IDH1/IDH2-, and TP53-positive patients. The long-term efficacy remains to be observed.

Electroacupuncture on motor function in patients with primary osteoporosis: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of electroacupuncture on motor function and muscle state in patients with primary osteoporosis (POP).@*METHODS@#A total of 60 female patients with POP were randomized into an observation group (30 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a control group (30 cases, 1 case dropped off). On the basis of adjusting lifestyle, caltrate was given orally in the control group, 2 pills a day for 4 weeks. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, electroacupuncture was applied at Zusanli (ST 36), Yanglingquan (GB 34), Ganshu (BL 18), Pishu (BL 20), Shenshu (BL 23), etc. in the observation group, with disperse-dense wave of 2 Hz/10 Hz in frequency, once every other day, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. The time of timed up-and-go test (TUGT) and the value of 10 m maximal walking speed (10 m MWS) before and after treatment were compared in the two groups, and the Young's modulus values of bilateral multifidus muscles in prone position and sitting position before and after treatment were compared by real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the TUGT time was decreased compared before treatment in the observation group (P<0.01), and that in the observation group was shorter than the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the value of 10 m MWS test was increased compared before treatment in the observation group (P<0.05). After treatment, the Young's modulus values of bilateral multifidus muscles in prone position and sitting position were increased compared before treatment in the observation group (P<0.01); except for the left side in sitting position, the Young's modulus values of multifidus muscles in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#On the basis of oral caltrate, electroacupuncture can improve the motor function and muscle state in patients with POP.

Impact of group cognitive behavioral therapy counseling on cognitive control among college students with high obsessive compulsive traits / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effect of group cognitive behavioral therapy (GCBT) on cognitive control among college students with high obsessive compulsive traits, to provide basic information for the psychological counseling intervention for college students.@*Methods@#From March to April 2019, 687 students were conveniently selected from 2 universities in Hefei. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 58 students with high obsessive traits were selected and divided into experimental group ( n =29) and control group ( n =29) by random number table method. The experimental group received cognitive behavioral group counseling for 4 weeks (1.5 h each time, twice a week), while the control group receive no intervention. The Obsessive Compulsive Inventory Revised (OCI-R), Stroop Color Word Test (SCWT), Digital Span Test (DST), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WSCT) were used to assess in two groups at baseline and 4 weeks later.@*Results@#After 4 weeks, the scores of OCI-R in the GCBT group (10.28±7.22) was lower than that of in the control group (15.90±10.20) ( t=2.42, P<0.05). Before and after intervention, compared with the control group [(21.89±6.63, 20.52±7.37)s, (8.62±4.43, 8.04±4.84)s] in Stroop C and Stroop interfere effects (SIE), the GCBT group [(22.14±4.92, 16.81±3.43)s, (8.36±3.87, 4.82±1.86)s], the interaction of time group was statistically significant ( F =14.60, 10.54, P <0.05). Compared with the control group (6.21±1.35, 6.55±1.45)times, the scores of DST reverse in the GCBT group (6.31±1.44, 7.24±1.38) times were statistically significant ( F=3.96, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#It suggests that cognitive behavioral group counseling can improve the inhibitory control and working memory of college students with high obsessive compulsive traits, but does not change the cognitive flexibility.

Current status of hypertension prevalence, treatment and control rate among young and middle-aged population in China / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rate of hypertension among young and middle-aged population in China. Methods: The analysis was based on the results of 2012-2015 China Hypertension Survey, which was a cross-sectional stratified multistage random sampling survey. A total of 229 593 subjects were included in the final analysis. The data including sex, age, living in urban and rural areas, prevalence of hypertension, history of stroke, family history of coronary heart disease and drinking, physical examination, heart rate were collected. Hypertension was defined as mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥140 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), and (or) diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mmHg, and (or) self-report a history of hypertension, and (or) use of antihypertensive medicine within 2 weeks before survey. Prehypertension was defined as SBP between 120-139 mmHg, and (or) DBP between 80-89 mmHg. Control of hypertension was considered for hypertensive individuals with SBP<140 mmHg and DBP<90 mmHg. The prevalence of prehypertension, hypertension, awareness, treatment, control rate were calculated, and the control rate among those with antihypertensive medication was also calculated. Results: The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 43.8% (95%CI: 42.3%-45.4%), and 22.1% (95%CI: 20.8%-23.3%), respectively. The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was significantly higher among male than female across different age groups. The awareness, treatment, control rate of hypertension and control rate among treated hypertensive participants were 43.8%, 33.2%, 16.7%, and 40.2%, respectively. The prevalence was higher, and the control rate was lower among individuals with higher heart rate. Conclusion: The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension among young and middle-aged population is high, the awareness, treatment and control rate need to be further improved in this population. The prevention and treatment of hypertension should be strengthened in the future to improve the control rate of hypertension in China.

Carbenoxolone enhances inhibitory effect of RSL3 against cisplatin-resistant testicular cancer cells by promoting ferroptosis / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the inhibitory effect of RSL3 on the proliferation, invasion and migration of cisplatinresistant testicular cancer cells (I-10/DDP) and the effect of carbenoxolone on the activity of RSL3 against testicular cancer.@*METHODS@#MTT assay was used to evaluate the survival rate of I-10/DDP cells following treatment with RSL3 (1, 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32 μmol/L) alone or in combination with carbenoxolone (100 μmol/L) or after treatment with Fer-1 (2 μmol/L), RSL3 (4 μmol/L), RSL3+Fer-1, RSL3+carbenoxolone (100 μmol/L), or RSL3+Fer-1+carbenoxolone. Colony formation assay was used to assess the proliferation ability of the treated cells; wounding-healing assay and Transwell assay were used to assess the invasion and migration ability of the cells. The expression of GPX4 was detected using Western blotting, the levels of lipid ROS were detected using C11 BODIPY 581/591 fluorescent probe, and the levels of Fe2+ were determined with FerroOrange fluorescent probe.@*RESULTS@#RSL3 dose-dependently decreased the survival rate of I-10/DDP cells, and the combined treatment with 2, 4, or 8 μmol/L RSL3 with carbenoxolone, as compared with RSL3 treatment alone, resulted in significant reduction of the cell survival rate. The combination with carbenoxolone significantly enhanced the inhibitory effect of RSL3 on colony formation, wound healing rate (P=0.005), invasion and migration of the cells (P < 0.001). Fer-1 obviously attenuated the inhibitory effects of RSL3 alone and its combination with carbenoxolone on I-10/DDP cells (P < 0.01). RSL3 treatment significantly decreased GPX4 expression (P=0.001) and increased lipid ROS level (P=0.001) and Fe2+ level in the cells, and these effects were further enhanced by the combined treatment with carbenoxolone (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Carbenoxolone enhances the inhibitory effect of RSL3 on the proliferation, invasion and migration of cisplatin-resistant testicular cancer cells by promoting RSL3-induced ferroptosis.

Network Meta-analysis of 10 Kinds of Oral Chinese Patent Medicine Combined with Chemotherapy in Treatment of Gastric Cancer / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of 10 kinds of oral Chinese patent medicines combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric cancer in a network Meta-analysis. Method:PubMed，Embase，Web of Science，Cochrane Library，CNKI，China biomedical literature service system，VIP，Wanfang database were retrieved to obtain Chinese and English literatures published before March 1，2020. The randomized controlled trials（RCTs） and data were screened and extracted. The quality of the included literatures was also evaluated. The pair-work Meta-analysis was conducted by Revman 5.3 software， and the Meta-analysis were conducted by ADDIS 1.16.7 software. Result:A total of 41 randomized controlled trials were eventually involved. All of them were two-arm，including 10 oral Chinese patent medicines，Cinobufotalin，Jinlong capsule，Pingxiao capsule，Shenyi capsule，Xihuang pill （or capsule），Xiaoaiping tablet，Yangzheng Xiaoji capsule，Zhenqi Fuzheng granule combined with chemotherapy for gastric cancer. The effective rate for treating cancer was significantly higher than that of chemotherapy alone （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Zhenqi Fuzheng+chemotherapy was the best choice； the KPS improvement rate of Cinobufacin，Shenyi capsule，Yangzheng Xiaoji capsule，Zhenqi Fuzheng granule combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric cancer was significantly increased（<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Shenyi capsule combined with chemotherapy might be the best regimen. The incidence rate of leukocyte decline was significantly lower in the treatment of gastric cancer（<italic>P</italic><0.05）. The combination of Zhenqi Fuzheng granule and chemotherapy was the best choice. Traditional Chinese medicine could not reduce the incidence of neurotoxicity（<italic>P></italic>0.05）. Cinobufufacin，Yangzheng Xiaoji capsule and Zhenqi Fuzheng granule combined with chemotherapy could increase CD4⁺/CD8⁺in patients with gastric cancer， which was significantly higher than that of chemotherapy alone（<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:All kinds of oral Chinese patent medicines can play a significantly role in the treatment of gastric cancer. Zhenqi Fuzheng granule，angzheng Xiaoji capsule and Shenyi capsule combined with chemotherapy are more effective in treating gastric cancer.

Multicenter Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Longmu Zhuanggu Granule in Treatment of Children Recurrent Respiratory Infection with Lung-Spleen Qi Deficiency Syndrome / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Longmu Zhuanggu granule for the treatment of children recurrent respiratory infection due to lung-spleen Qi deficiency. Method:This multicenter stratified， block-randomized， double-blind， double-dummy， positive drug （pidotimod granule） parallel controlled， and non-inferiority trail intended to included 240 children patients and divided them into the experimental group （<italic>n</italic>=120） and the control group （<italic>n</italic>=120） at the ratio of 1∶1. Patients in both groups were treated for eight successive weeks and followed up for 12 months. The cure rates， numbers of respiratory infections， average courses of disease， curative effects of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome， curative effects of individual symptoms， curative effects of immune indexes， and safety indexes between the two groups were observed and compared. Result:A total of 237 subjects were collected from 10 research centers， including 119 cases in the control group and 118 in the experimental group. There were 236 cases enrolled into the full analysis set （FAS）， 210 into the per-protocol set （PPS）， and 236 into the safety set （SS）. The baseline data of the two groups were not significantly different from each other， indicating that they were comparable. The cure rates of the experimental group and control group were 75.21% （88/117） and 73.95%（88/119）， respectively， with the 95% confidence interval （CI） of difference between the two groups being 1.26% （-9.85%，12.37%） for FAS and 3.81% （-6.28%，13.90%） for PPS. The 95% CI fell within the 10% non-inferiority margin， implying that non-infertility test of the cure rate in the treatment of endpoint disease was valid， and the conclusions of FAS and PPS analysis were consistent. There was no significant difference in the number or course of upper respiratory infection， bronchitis， and pneumonia. The difference in curative effects of TCM syndrome between the two groups after four weeks of treatment was not remarkable. After eight weeks of treatment， the total effective rate of the experimental group was 84.62%（99/117）， statistically higher than 78.15%（93/119） of the control group（<italic>χ</italic>²=-3.26，<italic>P</italic><0.05）. There were no significant differences in the disappearance rates of individual symptoms between the two groups after four weeks of treatment. After eight weeks of treatment， the experimental group and control group exhibited the disappearance rates of 67.50%（54/80） and 47.37%（36/76） for shortness of breath and laziness to speak， 75.00%（54/72） and 53.33%（40/75） for poor appetite， 54.55%（60/110） and 37.84%（42/111） for hyperhidrosis， respectively， with obviously better outcomes observed in the experimental group （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The inter-group comparison revealed significant differences in immune indexes after eight weeks of treatment. As demonstrated by comparison with the situations before treatment， IgA， IgG， IgM， and CD4 did not change significantly after treatment. Except for CD8 in the experimental group (<italic>P</italic><0.05), there was no significant difference in other immune indexes before and after treatment There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions. Conclusion:Longmu Zhuanggu granule is not inferior to pidomod granule in the treatment of children recurrent respiratory infection due to lung-spleen Qi deficiency， and it exhibits good safety， implying its promising clinical application value.

Impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on the local recurrence and distant metastasis pattern of locally advanced rectal cancer: a propensity score-matched analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Previous studies have demonstrated different predominant sites of distant metastasis between patients with and without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT). This study aimed to explore whether NCRT could influence the metastasis pattern of rectal cancer through a propensity score-matched analysis.@*METHODS@#In total, 1296 patients with NCRT or post-operative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) were enrolled in this study between January 2008 and December 2015. Propensity score matching was used to correct for differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. After propensity score matching, the metastasis pattern, including metastasis sites and timing, was compared and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#After propensity score matching, there were 408 patients in the PCRT group and 245 patients in the NCRT group. NCRT significantly reduced local recurrence (4.1% vs. 10.3%, P = 0.004), but not distant metastases (28.2% vs. 27.9%, P = 0.924) compared with PCRT. In both the NCRT and PCRT groups, the most common metastasis site was the lung, followed by the liver. The NCRT group developed local recurrence and distant metastases later than the PCRT group (median time: 29.2 [18.8, 52.0] months vs. 18.7 [13.3, 30.0] months, Z = -2.342, P = 0.019; and 21.2 [12.2, 33.8] vs. 16.4 [9.3, 27.9] months, Z = -1.765, P = 0.035, respectively). The distant metastases occurred mainly in the 2nd year after surgery in both the PCRT group (39/114, 34.2%) and NCRT group (21/69, 30.4%). However, 20.3% (14/69) of the distant metastases appeared in the 3rd year in the NCRT group, while this number was only 13.2% (15/114) in the PCRT group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The predominant site of distant metastases was the lung, followed by the liver, for both the NCRT group and PCRT group. NCRT did not influence the predominant site of distant metastases, but the NCRT group developed local recurrence and distant metastases later than the PCRT group. The follow-up strategy for patients with NCRT should be adjusted and a longer intensive follow-up is needed.

Effect of thunder-fire moxibustion combined with vibration training on low back pain of primary osteoporosis / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the therapeutic effect of thunder-fire moxibustion combined with vibration training and simple vibration training on low back pain of primary osteoporosis by 's modulus of ultrasonic wave, and seek an objective evaluating method.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each one. The patients in the two groups were treated with vibration training using whole body vibration treatment bed. In the observation group, thunder-fire moxibustion was applied at Yaoyangguan (GV 3), Mingmen (GV 4), Ganshu (BL 18), Shenshu (BL 23) and Dachangshu (BL 25). The treatment was given once every other day, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. The visual analogue score (VAS), real-time shear wave elastography (RTSWE) and medical outcomes study 36-item short-form hearth survey (SF-36) were used to evaluate pain intensity, multifidus muscle tone ('s modulus) and quality of life before treatment, after 4-week treatment and 1 month after treatment.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the VAS scores, 's modulus of multifidus muscle and 5 dimensions of SF-36 (physical condition, body pain, general health, social function and mental health) after 4-week treatment and 1 month after treatment were significantly improved in the two groups (all <0.05), the physiological role in the observation group after 4-week treatment and 1 month after treatment were improved (both <0.05). In the observation group, the VAS scores, 's modulus of multifidus muscle and 3 dimensions of SF-36 (physiological role, body pain and general health) after 4-week treatment and 1 month after treatment were superior to the control group (all <0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The therapeutic effect of thunder-fire moxibustion combined with vibration training is superior to simple vibration training in relieving low back pain intensity and multifidus muscle tone, and improving quality of life for primary osteoporosis. RTSWE technique can be an objective examination method to evaluate pain.

CT and MRI features of acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective:To summarize the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas (ACCP).Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 21 patients with ACCP who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from January 2015 to December 2019 were collected. There were 5 males and 16 females, aged (57±9)years, with a range from 41 to 74 years. Patients underwent CT and MRI examinations. Observation indicators: (1) imaging examination; (2) imaging features on CT; (3) imaging features on MRI; (4) pathological examination and immunohistochemistry staining; (5) treatment and follow-up. Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was conducted at 1, 3, 6 months after discharge and once every 6 months thereafter to detect survival of patients up to December 2019. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD. Count data were described as absolute numbers. Results:(1) Imaging examination. Of the 21 patients, 7 underwent single CT examination, 11 underwent MRI examination, and 3 underwent both CT and MRI examinations. ① Tumor shape: all the 21 patients had single tumor, including 17 showing round or quasi-round shape, and 4 showing irregular clumps. ② Tumor location: of the 21 patients, 6 had tumor located at pancreatic head, 2 had tumor located at pancreatic head and body, 2 had tumor located at pancreatic body, 4 had tumor located at pancreatic body and tail, 4 had tumor located at pancreatic tail, and 3 had had tumor located at ampulla. ③ The maximum tumor diameter was (43±29)mm, with a range from 11 to 129 mm. ④ Adjacent organ invasion: 10 of the 21 patients had invasion of adjacent organ, including 2 with invasion of stomach, spleen and left adrenal gland invasion, 4 with invasion of duodenum, 3 with invasion of duodenum and common bile duct, 1 with invasion of spleen. ⑤ Vascular invasion: 12 patients had invasion of splenic artery or splenic vein, including 1 combined with invasion of both common hepatic artery and superior mesenteric vein, 1 combined with invasion of celiac root. ⑥ Pancreatic and bile duct invasion: 8 patients had pancreatic and bile duct dilation, including 4 with bile duct and upper pancreatic duct dilation, and 4 with pancreatic duct dilation. ⑦ Lymph node metastasis: 2 patients had perineoplastic lymph node enlargement. ⑧ Other conditions: 7 patients had tumor center with cystic necrosis. Four patients had atrophy pancreatic parenchyma. Two patients had splenic vein tumor thrombosis. Two patients had cysts. One patient had multiple liver metastases. (2) Imaging features on CT. ① The solid part was dominant in the main body of the 10 patients undergoing CT examination, demostrating equal density, of which 3 cases had clear boundaries, 2 cases had pseudocapsule around the lesion, and 5 cases had low-density necrotic area in the center of lesion. ② In arterial phase of CT examination, the solid part of tumor had a lower enhancement compared with the normal pancreatic tissues in 7 patients, while the solid part of tumor had a high enhancement compared with the normal pancreatic tissues in 3 patients. ③ In delayed phase of CT examination, the tumor density was slightly lower than or equal to density of normal pancreatic parenchyma in 7 patients, showing slightly progressive enhancement, while the tumor density was slightly higher than or equal to density of normal pancreatic parenchyma in 3 patients. (3) Imaging features on MRI. ① MRI plain scan of 14 patients showed that 8 patients demostrated slightly longer T2 and slightly longer T1 signals in lesions, while 6 patients demostrated mixed signals dominated by long T2 and equal T1 signals. The area of cystic necrosis was observed in lesions of 4 patients and was not observed in 10 patients. No antiphase signal reduction was observed in the 14 patients. ② MRI dynamic enhanced scan of 12 patients showed that 11 patients presented mild progressive enhancement in lesions and 1 patient presented obvious confounding enhancement and clearance in the delayed phase. Compared with adjacent normal pancreatic parenchyma, diffused weighted imaging showed high signals in 6 cases, slightly high signals in 6 cases, and high signal halo in 2 cases. The apparent diffusion coefficient in 14 lesions was (1.22±0.14)×10 -3 mm 2/s. (4) Pathological examination and immunohistochemistry staining. Results of pathological examination in the 21 patients: acinic cell carcinoma, mixed ductal-acinic cell carcinoma, acinar-endocrine carcinoma, and atypical hyperplasia inacinus were detected in 14, 5, 1, and 1 patients, respectively. Of the 21 patients, 10 had invasion of adjacent organ, 3 had invasion of bile duct, 2 had invasion of lymph node. Results of immunohistochemistry staining in 17 patients: 17 patients had proliferation index of Ki-67 as 1%-80%; 10 out of 16 patients were positive for synaptophysin; 6 out of 16 patients were positive for CD56 protein; 2 out of 14 patients were positive for Chromogranin A; 12 out of 13 patients were positive for α-antitrypsin; 9 out of 11 patients were positive for cytokeratin; 8 patients were positive for β-catenin; 2 patients were positive for B lymphoma-10 protein. (5) Treatment and follow-up. Of the 21 patients, 10 cases underwent pancreatico-duodenectomy, 6 cases underwent pancreatic body and tail pancreatectomy combined with splenectomy, 2 cases underwent pancreatic body and tail pancreatectomy, 1 case underwent pancreatic tail tumor enucleation, 1 case underwent liver metastasis resection, and 1 case underwent ultrasound-guided pancreatic lesion puncture biopsy. All the 21 patients were followed up for (30±16)years, with a range from 2 to 52 months. There were 13 patient surviving and 8 cases of death. They had survived for (19±13)months, with a range from 2 to 35 months. Conclusions:The CT and MRI enhanced scan of ACCP showed slightly progressive enhancement, with cystic necrosis seen in the center and high signals in diffused weighted imaging. Dilation of bile duct and pancreatic duct is common in patients with pancreatic head tumors, and invasion of splenic artery and vein is common in pancreatic body and tail tumors. Calcification and cyst are rare and lesions of pancreatic head and body cause atrophy in pancreatic tail.

Preparation of evodiamine-glycyrrhizic acid micelles with glycyrrhizic acid as carrier and their anti-hepatic fibrosis activity / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to prepare evodiamine-glycyrrhizic acid(EVO-GL) micelles to enhance the anti-hepatic fibrosis activity of evodiamine. Firstly, EVO-GL micelles were prepared with use of thin film dispersion method. With particle size, encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity of micelles and the solubility of evodiamine as the indexes, the effect of different factors on micelles was observed to screen the optimal preparation methods and process. Then the pharmaceutical properties and the therapeutic effects of EVO-GL micelles prepared by optimal process were evaluated on CCl_4-induced hepatic fibrosis. The results showed that the micelles prepared by the thin film dispersion method had an even size, with an average particle size of(130.80±12.40)nm, Zeta potential of(-41.61±3.12) mV, encapsulation efficiency of 91.23%±1.22%, drug loading of 8.42%±0.71%, high storage stability at 4 ℃ in 3 months, and slow in vitro release. Experimental results in the treatment of CCl_4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats showed that EVO-GL micelles had a synergistic anti-hepatic fibrosis effect, which significantly reduced the liver function index of hepatic fibrosis rats. In conclusion, the EVO-GL micelles prepared with glycyrrhizic acid as a carrier would have a potential application prospect for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis.

Neuroprotective effect of Paeoniae Radix Rubra on hippocampal CA1 region of mice induced by transient focal cerebral ischemia via anti-gliosis and anti-oxidant activity / 中草药·英文版

Objective: Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of Paeoniae Radix Rubra (PRR) on ischemic stroke of mice. Methods: The focal ischemic stroke model was produced via middle cerebral artery occlusion. The experimental mice were divided into four groups: vehicle-sham group, PRR-sham group, vehicle-ischemia group, and PRR-treated ischemia group. The cerebral infarction volume was detected with TTC staining. The number of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 of the ischemic side, and the activation of astrocytes and microglia were observed via immunohistochemical staining. Western blotting was used to determine the expression changes of SOD1, SOD2, and Catalase protein levels in the hippocampus. Results: PRR significantly reduced the cerebral infarct volume induced by ischemic injury and inhibited the astrocytes and microglia activation in the hippocampal CA1 region. The decreased levels of SOD1, SOD2, and Catalase that was induced by ischemic reperfusion were simultaneously improved after PRR treatment. Conclusion: PRR improved neuronal injuries that were induced by transient cerebral ischemia via inhibiting gliosis and elevating anti-oxidants.

Clinical value of lower extremity venous ultrasonography in diagnosis of musculoskeletal diseases / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To explore the clinical value of detection of musculoskeletal diseases during lower extremity venous ultrasonography. Methods Data of 8 288 patients who underwent venous ultrasonography of the lower extremities suspected for venous thrombosis were retrospectively analyzed. Ultrasonic images for detection of musculoskeletal diseases and coexisting deep venous thrombosis were analyzed. Results There were 134 patients with musculoskeletal diseases detected with lower extremity venous ultrasonography. Popliteal cyst was the most common musculoskeletal disease (90/134, 67.16%), followed by hematoma (31/134, 23.13%), muscle tear (5/134, 3.73%), abscess (2/134, 1.49%), tumor (2/134, 1.49%), muscular cyst (2/134, 1.49%), postoperative popliteal effusion (1/134, 0.75%) and knee synovial hyperplasia (1/134, 0.75%). Different musculoskeletal diseases showed different ultrasonic manifestations. The maximum diameter of not-ruptured popliteal cyst was larger than that of ruptured cyst (F=5.266, P=0.024). A total of 20 patients had deep venous thrombosis. The highest rate of coexisting deep venous thrombosis was found in patients with muscle tear (1/5, 20.00%). Conclusion Lower extremity venous ultrasonography can be used to diagnose deep venous thrombosis and musculoskeletal diseases simultaneously. The detection of musculoskeletal diseases during venous ultrasonography of lower extremities is helpful to correct or supplement the clinical diagnosis and the following treatment, which has high clinical application value.

Prevalence of Ideal Cardiovascular Health Status and Its Association With Socioeconomic Status in Chinese Enterprise Employees / 中国循环杂志

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors, and its association with socioeconomic status (SES) in enterprise employees. Methods: The cluster sampling method was adopted to recruit 27 607 employees aged 18 to 60 years from 45 enterprises across China. The ideal cardiovascular health metrics including behaviors and factors, which were defined according to the AHA criteria, were obtained, and SES was measured by education and occupational class. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between SES and ideal cardiovascular health metrics. Results: Overall, the prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health behavior (smoking, body mass index, salt intake, physical activity) was 51.3%, 67.9%, 14.0%, 31.2%, respectively; prevalence of the ideal cardiovascular factors (fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, blood pressure) was 72.9%, 81.6%, 27.3%,respectively in this cohort. Among the employees, only 0.6% population met all 7 cardiovascular health metrics. After adjusting the individual and workplace factors, employees with high school (OR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.08-1.29) and college or above education (OR=1.52, 95%CI: 1.37-1.69) were more likely to have ideal cardiovascular health status compared with those with less education; white-collar workers were more likely to have ideal cardiovascular health status compared with blue-collar workers (OR=1.18; 95%CI: 1.08-1.29). Conclusions: The prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors is low, and is positively associated with SES, suggesting the importance of promoting the cardiovascular health behavior, monitoring/controlling the related cardiovascular factors and reducing the socioeconomic inequalities among Chinese enterprise employees.

Mechanism and progress of the research on the treatment of bacterial infection with bacteriophage lysin / 基础医学与临床

Bacteriophage lysin is characterized by high stability, wide bactericidal activity and efficacy, and safty. It is able to lyse bacteria specifically and is not susceptible to bacterial resistance. In the presence of phage, phage infecting bacteria and coding for endolysin then it lyse the bacteria, In the absence of the phage, holin assists the endolysin lysis the bacteria from external. In addition, the research progress on the treatment of Gram-positive bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Gram-negative bacteria, such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was also discussed in this paper.

Effects of Acupuncture-rehabilitation Therapy on Apoptosis and Expression of X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein and Cleaved-caspase-9 in Ischemic Penumbra of Rats with Cerebral Ischemia / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To explore the effect of acupuncture-rehabilitation therapy on apoptosis and the expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and cleaved-caspase-9 in ischemic penumbra of rats with cerebral ischemia. Methods A total of 180 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,acupuncture group,rehabilitation group and acupunc-ture-rehabilitation therapy group.Each group was divided into three days,seven days and 14 days subgroups(n=12).The model was estab-lished with the modified Longa suture method. The model group and the sham operation group received no treatment. The acupuncture group received cluster needling of scalp acupuncture,the rehabilitation group received treadmill training,and the acupuncture-rehabilitation therapy group received both acupuncture and treadmill training.On the third,seventh and 14th days after modeling,the neurological func-tion was assessed with modified Neurological Severity Score(mNSS).The apoptosis was observed by TUNEL staining and the expression of XIAP and cleaved-caspase-9 protein was determined by Western blotting in cerebral ischemic penumbra,respectively.Results Compared with the model group,the mNSS scores decreased,the rate of apoptosis decreased,the expression of XIAP protein increased,and the expres-sion of cleaved-caspase-9 decreased in each treatment group at each time point(P<0.05).Compared with the other two treatment groups,the rate of apoptosis further decreased at each time points(P<0.05),the expression of XIAP protein further increased at each time points(P<0.05),the mNSS score further decreased(P<0.05)and the expression of cleaved-caspase-9 protein further decreased(P<0.05)seven days and 14 days after modeling in the acupuncture-rehabilitation therapy group.Conclusion Acupuncture and rehabilitation therapy could re-duce the neurological deficit in rats with cerebral ischemia,which was superior to the simple acupuncture treatment and rehabilitation train-ing.The mechanism may be related to th reduction of apoptosis by promoting XIAP protein expression and inhibiting caspase-9 protein acti-vation.

Evaluation of efficacy of Zhitong-Jiangu recipes in treatment of cartilage injury in osteoarthritis using MR T2 mapping: An experimental study / 中国介入影像与治疗学

Objective To explore the value of MR T2 mapping imaging in evaluation of the effection of Zhitong-Jiangu recipes in treatment of cartilage injury in osteoarthritis.Methods The models of osteoarthritis in the knee of New Zealand white rabbits were made with intra-articular injection of papain.Totally 48 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into normal control group,model control group,glucosamine hydrochloride treatment group and Zhitong-Jiangu recipes treatment group.MR T2 mapping was performed on the knee and the content of MMP-1 in articular cartilage was analyzed with immunohistochemistry 4 weeks after treatment.The differences of T2 value and MMP-1 content of articular cartilage among the four groups were compared.The correlation among the different intervention methods,MMP-1 content of articular cartilage and the T2 value of articular cartilage were analyzed.Results T2 value of articular cartilage in the model control group was significantly higher than that in the other three groups (all P＜0.01),and there was no significant difference of T2 value among the other three groups.The MMP-1 content of articular cartilage in glucosamine hydrochloride treatment group and Zhitong-Jiangu recipes treatment group was lower than that in model control group (both P＜0.05),and was higher than that in normal control group (both P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups.The relationship between MMP-1 content and T2 value of articular cartilage was nonlinear.With the increase of MMP-1 content,T2 value first increased slowly and then increased rapidly (P＜0.05).Conclusion MR T2 mapping imaging is helpful to evaluating the efficacy of Zhitong-Jiangu recipes in treatment of cartilage injury in osteoarthritis in rabbit models.The relationship between MMP-1 content and T2 value of articular cartilage may be nonlinear.

Tree shrew umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells:isolation, cultivation and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are ideal seed cells for tissueengineering research.OBJECTIVE: To isolate, culture and identify tree shrew umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, in order toestablish a standardized tree shrew umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell lines.METHODS: Caesarean-isolated tree shrew umbilical cord samples were used to isolate and culture umbilical cordmesenchymal stem cells using tissue explant adherent method. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect cellsurface markers. Osteogenic and adipogenic induction media were used to induce umbilical cord mesenchymalstem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cultured umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells expressed CD90 and CD105 with the positive rate of 99.9% and 99.8% respectively. Hematopoietic stem cell marker CD34 expression ratewas 0.0% and the endothelial cell marker CD31 expression rate was 0.7%, in line with the characteristics of umbilicalcord mesenchymal stem cell surface markers. Calcium nodules by alizarin red staining and lipid droplets by oil red Ostaining were observed in the induced cells. These experimental findings indicated that umbilical cord mesenchymalstem cells from tree shrews capable of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation were successfully isolated and cultured.