ASD, anophthalmia and aicardi syndrome

Aicardi syndrome is a rare genetic disorder, X linked dominant; the syndrome is almost exclusively seen in females. It is characterized by classic triad of agenesis of corpus collosum, infantile spasm, and chorioretinal lacune. We report a case of this rare disorder, two and half month old female child who presented with frequent episodes of seizures and multiple congenital anomalies. Examination revealed microcephaly, anophthalmia, cleft lip and palate and atrial septal defect [ASD]. MRI revealed agenesis of corpus callosum and dilated ventricular system. In this paper we present a case of Aicardi Syndrome associated with anophthalmia and ASD which were not reported before. She was put on clonazepam and was having a good seizure control

Higher incidence of chromosomes 13, 18, 21 X and Y aneuploidy in spermatozoa from patients with severe oligospermia and repeated ICSI failure versus fertile control

The incidence of numerical chromosomal abnormalities is higher in spermatozoa compared with somatic cells in normal population. The aim of this study is to examine the incidence of sperm aneuploidy for the chromosomes 13, 18, 21 X and Y using dual colour FISH technique in two groups of men. Group A: are 14 infertile men with severe oligospermia [sperm density less than 2 million sperms/ml] and had history of repeated ICSI failure. Group B: 8 fertile men with normal semen parameters. The mean total aneuploidy rate in men of group [A] is significantly higher than the fertile men of group [B] [3.18 Vs 0.73] [p<0.01]. The mean aneuploidy rate for each examined chromosome was significantly higher in group [A] compared with group [B]. The highest aneuploidy rate affected the gonosomes [X and Y]. This results support the hypothesis that increased incidence of chromosomal aneuploidy a negative effect on embryonic development and implantation rate. Screening of men attempting ICSI procedure for sperm chromosomes aneuploidy is a potential prognostic tool

Serum cystatin C as a reliable biomarker for assessment of renal function in bilharzial patients with chronic renal failure

Objectives: Serum cystatin C [cys C] has been proposed as a simple, accurate and rapid endogenous marker of glomerular filtration rate [GFR] in search and clinical practice. However, there are conflicting reports regarding the superiority of cys C over serum creatinine [CL], with a few studies suggesting no significant difference. The aim‘ of the present study was to evaluate serum cys C as an indicator of renal function before and after hemodialysis in chronic renal failure patients with and without bilharzial infections and to correlate their levels with serum creatinine

Patients and Methods: The study was conducted on 47 patients. They were classified into 36 chronic renal failure patients [Group 1] divided into 23 and 13 uremic patients without and with bilharzial infections, respectively and 11 control subjects [Group II]. All uremic patients treated with hemodialysis. Cys C was assayed using a sandwich enzyme immunoassay and creatinine was assayed using a kinetic technique

Results: Serum creatinine and cys C levels of the two subgroups of CRF [with and without bilharziasis] showed significantly increase compared to the corresponding levels of the control group [p<0.05]. The rise of both markers did not differ from each other between the two subgroups of CRF [p>0.05]. After hemodialysis, the levels of serum cys C were markedly decreased. There was a significant positive correlation between cys C and creatinine in CRF with bilharzial infection only

Conclusion: Results demonstrated that there is justification to use cys C as the future marker of GFR in clinical uses

Prevalence of dipterous flies associates with human and animal diseases in Al - Obour and 6th October wholesale markets, Egypt

A survey was done to identify the dipterous flies associated with human and animal diseases in the two wholesale markets of Al-Obour and 6th of October. The results indicated that 20824 flies belonging to 9 families, 24 genera and 31 species were trapped. Musca domestics were the most abundant species in the two markets. The statistical analysis showed that species of the families Calliphoridae, Milichiidae, Muscidae, Piophilidae, Otitidae, Sarcophagidae and Sphaeroceridae were significantly higher in Al-Obour than 6th of October markets, due to the spread of garbage and decaying fish

effectiveness of Nd: YAG laser VS desensitizing agent [strontium] on dental hypersensitivity using scanning electron microscope

The purpose of this investigation was to study by scanning electron microscope the effect of strontium chloride [Sensodyne toothpaste] and Nd:YAG laser on exposed dentinal tubules of human sensitive extracted teeth. The teeth were sectioned longitudinally into two halves and classified into three groups. Group I was treated with Sensodyne, group II was laser-treated and the third group was used as control group. The specimens were mounted on a stab, sputtder coated by gold and examined by scanning electron microscope. SEM observation of the dentin showed that the orifices of the dentinal tubules in hypersensitive areas [control] were open and wide and its lumens were empty. In the Sensodyne-treated teeth [group I], most of the dentinal tubules were occluded with crystals of all sizes. The observable effects of laser irradiation occurred to be as actual melting and recrystallization at the dentin which appeared to be non-porous and continuous in nature. The analysis of the data indicated the use of Sensodyne [strontium chloride] as a desensitizing agent which provides an excellent example of how drugs or chemicals can work in treating dentin sensitivity. The data also indicated how Nd:YAG laser works to modify the dentin surface and occlude the openings of the dentinal tubules. Such a dentin surface modification may be accepted in the future as treatment modality, since the melting and resolidification of the dentin and the closure of the tubules may be permanent and not short-lived

Assessment of choledochoduodenostomy as a method of permanent drainage

This study included 12 patients presented with clinical findings suggestive of calcular obstructive jaundice. All patients were examined clinically and fully investigated with special attention to liver function tests. Cholecystectomy and side to side choledochoduodenostomy were done for every patient as a method of permanent biliary drainage. Minor biliary leakage occurred in one patient [8.4%] which healed spontaneously. Wound infection developed in two patients [16.7%], and chest infection in one patient [8.4%], all were treated medically. Only one patient developed cholangitis 9 months postoperatively and responded well to medical treatment. No operative mortality or stump syndrome in this group of patients. The long term follow up study of this group of patients showed good results in more than 90%, fair result in one patient with cholangitis and there was no poor results in this group. Both postoperative safety of this procedure

use of gentamicin beads in the treatment of pilonidal sinus

This study included 47 patients with pilonidal sinus, divided into two groups. The first group included 32 patients treated by surgical excision and primary closure of the wound on "gentamicin beads" which were withdrawn, one bead every day, starting from the second post operative day. The second [control] group formed of 15 patients, was treated by complete surgical excision, primary closure of the wound on a continuos negative suction drainage, intra and post-operative systemic gentamicin antibiotics for days. Sound healing was achieved in about 97% of our patients of the first group in 10 to 15 days, while only about 3% of the patients developed recurrence. In the control group our patients passed smooth post operative period with sound healing of their wounds in 2-3 week. Minor would infection occurred in 13.3%, major wound infection 6.7% and recurrence of the sinus in 6.7% of our patients. Our method of treatment adopted for patients of the first group is simple, effective and applicable for all forms of pilonidal sinus, with minimal recurrence rate, reasonable hospital stay period, healing time and minimal discomfort to patients

Assessment of cervical rib excision in the thoracic outlet syndrome

The efficacy of a cervical rib of symptoms in patients with thoracic outlet syndromes has been the subject of debate. This study describes our experience of 20 cervical rib excision in 12 patients: complete recovery was much more common in patients with neurological symptoms than with vascular or mixed symptoms alone 5 were cured, 2 were improved and one was not helped, in contrast of 5 patients with purely vascular symptoms 2 cases were cured and 2 improved and one was not improved. While in 7 patients with mixed symptoms only one patient was cured and 2 improved and the remaining four got no benefit from the operation