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1.
Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering. 2011; 8 (1): 85-94
en Inglés | IMEMR | ID: emr-109471

RESUMEN

The purpose of this laboratory scale experimental research was to investigate the application of integrated microwave irradiation and granular activated carbon adsorption for removing volatile organic compounds [VOCs] from emissions released from industrial processes and considered major pollutants of the environment. A stream containing 300 ppm toluene was supplied and passed through the granular activated carbon [GAC]. The saturated adsorbent was placed in a quartz glass reactor and treated by microwave [MW] irradiation at heating frequency of 2450 MHz at different power levels. Adsorption capacity was evaluated through breakthrough curves and the residue analyzed by gas chromatography. Breakthrough results showed that the high relative humidity of the inlet gaseous stream could lead to decreased GAC adsorption capacity. We found that GAC could absorb microwave irradiation and dissipate heating energy increasing its temperature up to 600 Degree C in a short time mainly depending on the microwave power level. Our experimental results indicated that most of the toluene vapor passed over GAC was decomposed under 900 watt microwave irradiation after around 10 minutes. The addition of water vapor in the inlet stream slightly decreased pollutant removal rate over the GAC while the overall oxidation removal remain the same compared to stream with low content of water vapor. Adsorption isotherms showed that GAC surface area and porosity values increased slightly under microwave irradiation. We concluded that simultaneous application of GAC and microwave irradiation may be an effective approach for removing VOCs from gaseous stream


Asunto(s)
Carbono , Adsorción , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles , Industrias , Contaminantes Ambientales
2.
Feyz-Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. 2011; 15 (1): 1-10
en Persa | IMEMR | ID: emr-117432

RESUMEN

Noise induced hearing loss [NIHL] is one of the most important occupational diseases worldwide. NIHL has been found to be potentiated by simultaneous carbon monoxide [CO] exposure. This study was performed to evaluate the protective effect of Nacetylcysteine [NAC] administration on potentiating effect of CO on NIHL in rabbits. In this experimental study forty-two male adult white rabbits were divided into seven groups [n=6 for each group]. Group 1, as control [no exposure to noise or CO and no injection]; Group 2, noise exposure [100 dB for 40 h]; Group 3, noise+CO exposure; Group 4, noise exposure+NAC administration [325 mg/kg]; Group 5, noise+CO exposure+NAC administration, Group 6, NAC administration alone and Group 7, CO exposure [700 ppm for 40h]. Audiometric test of rabbits was assessed by Auditory Brain stem Response [ABR] test in three stages: before exposure, 1 hour and 14 days post exposure at 1, 2, 4 and 8 kHz frequency. The administration of NAC attenuated temporary and permanent ABR threshold shift caused by noise exposure and simultaneous exposure to noise plus CO. NAC administration blocked the potentiating of temporary threshold shift by CO at 1, 2, and 4 KHz frequency and also blocked potentiating of permanent threshold shift by CO at all frequencies. NAC as an antioxidant agent can attenuate temporary and permanent noise induced ABR threshold shifts and provides protective effect against potentiating of NIHL by CO in rabbits


Asunto(s)
Animales de Laboratorio , Pérdida Auditiva Provocada por Ruido/prevención & control , Monóxido de Carbono/toxicidad , Conejos , Potenciales Evocados Auditivos del Tronco Encefálico , Antioxidantes
3.
Feyz-Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. 2011; 15 (1): 69-76
en Persa | IMEMR | ID: emr-117442

RESUMEN

Burnout syndrome as a serious occupational disorder has recently been focused by researchers. Three main dimensions of burnout syndrome are emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment. This syndrome leads to physiological and psychological stresses and diminishes the staff interest and work efficiency. This study was designed to assess the correlation between burnout syndrome dimensions and demographic characteristics of cashiers in state banks of Kashan in 2010. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 156 cashiers in sate banks of Kashan. Frequency and severity of burnout syndrome were evaluated using Maslach burnout inventory [MBI]. Demographic characteristics of subjects were collected through a specific questionnaire. Data were analyzed using chi-square test. In frequency twenty-seven [17.3%] and in severity 12 [7.7%] of subjects showed the most emotional exhaustion. The most reduced personal accomplishment was in frequency in 24 [15.4%] and in severity in 27 [17.3%] participants. Also the most depersonalization was in 21 [13.5%] and in 14 [9%] subjects in frequency and in severity, respectively. There was a significant relationship between age, gender, work records and marital status with emotional exhaustion and reduced personal accomplishment of banks' cashiers. Emotional exhaustion and reduced personal accomplishment have a significant relationship with demographic characteristics


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Despersonalización/etiología , Estrés Psicológico , Enfermedades Profesionales , Demografía , Estudios Transversales , Síndrome , Investigadores , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado
4.
Feyz-Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. 2011; 14 (5): 539-545
en Persa | IMEMR | ID: emr-117467

RESUMEN

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are considered as one of the most common occupational diseases and injuries. The high prevalence of the disorders has been reported in automobile industries due to numerous risk factors. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and the work-related risk factors in an automobile factory in Tehran. This cross-sectional study was performed on 145 workers in an automobile factory in Tehran during 2009-10. The prevalence of disorders was evaluated with standard Nordic questionnaire and work-related risk factors with KIM index. Data analyzed using chi-square test. Musculoskeletal disorders were most commonly seen in tire installing [92.8%] and exhaust storage installing [88.4%] units. It was least common in door installing [43.7%] unit. Awkward posture, load lifting, back bending and torsional movements were the most important work-related risk factors for the disorders. A significant relationship was observed between prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and occupational risk level [P<0.05]. Ergonomics programs and specific ergonomic interventions are necessary to correct work-related problems in the work stations of this industry


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Enfermedades Profesionales , Automóviles , Ergonomía , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Estudios Transversales , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
5.
Feyz-Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. 2010; 13 (4): 261-270
en Persa | IMEMR | ID: emr-197216

RESUMEN

Background: Noise induced hearing loss [NIHL] is one of the most important occupational diseases worldwide. NIHL has been found to be potentiated by some of air pollutants. Exposure to noise plus carbon monoxide is common in occupational and environmental settings. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of noise and carbon monoxide exposure simultaneously on rabbits' hearing system by Auditory Brain stem Response [ABR] assessment


Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 24 male adult white rabbits were divided to four groups: control group, noise exposure group, noise plus carbon monoxide exposure group and carbon monoxide exposure group. Auditory Brain stem Responses of the four groups were determined: before exposure, 1 hour after exposure and 14 days after exposure by click and tone burst stimulus


Results: The latency mean time of V wave in the ABR test for the group exposed to noise plus carbon monoxide, 1 hour after exposure at 1, 2, 4 and 8 KHz frequency were respectively 5.43+/-0.08, 5.50+/-0.07, 5.71+/-0.07 and 5.75+/-0.07 millisecond. These values were significantly more than the same values in the other groups


Conclusion: NIHL may be potentiated by carbon monoxide in the simultaneous exposure. Thus, it seems occupational and environmental exposure to noise plus carbon monoxide may increases hearing loss risk

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